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Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Aug 2022Polyphenols have received great attention as important phytochemicals beneficial for human health. They have a protective effect against cardiovascular disease, obesity,... (Review)
Review
Polyphenols have received great attention as important phytochemicals beneficial for human health. They have a protective effect against cardiovascular disease, obesity, cancer and diabetes. The utilization of polyphenols as natural antioxidants, functional ingredients and supplements is limited due to their low stability caused by environmental and processing conditions, such as heat, light, oxygen, pH, enzymes and so forth. These disadvantages are overcome by the encapsulation of polyphenols by different methods in the presence of polyphenolic carriers. Different encapsulation technologies have been established with the purpose of decreasing polyphenol sensitivity and the creation of more efficient delivery systems. Among them, spray-drying and freeze-drying are the most common methods for polyphenol encapsulation. This review will provide an overview of scientific studies in which polyphenols from different sources were encapsulated using these two drying methods, as well as the impact of different polysaccharides used as carriers for encapsulation.
Topics: Antioxidants; Freeze Drying; Humans; Polyphenols; Polysaccharides; Spray Drying
PubMed: 36014306
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165069 -
Food Science & Nutrition Apr 2020In this study, the chitosan-based release microspheres were prepared by spray drying method. Chitosan was used as the carrier material, and extract, extract, and...
In this study, the chitosan-based release microspheres were prepared by spray drying method. Chitosan was used as the carrier material, and extract, extract, and extract (the mass ratio was 2:7:5) were active substance. The spray drying preparation process of microsphere was optimized by single factor experiment and L (3) orthogonal design. Drug loading (DL), particle size, and sustained release performance of microspheres were investigated. The mass fraction of chitosan was 1.5%, the mass ratio of drug to chitosan was 1:3, the inlet air temperature was 130°C, and the injection rate was 400 ml/hr. The chitosan-based microspheres prepared under the above conditions had a smooth surface, and the DL was 23.87 ± 0.93%; the average particle diameter was 10.27 ± 1.05 μm, and the encapsulation efficiency (EE) of the microspheres was 91.28 ± 1.04%. The preparation process of chitosan-based drug microsphere prepared by spray drying method was simple and stable. The prepared microspheres in this paper showed a sustained release effect in vitro.
PubMed: 32328259
DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1479 -
Pharmaceutical Research Jul 2020The purpose of this work is to introduce solvent-assisted secondary drying, a method used to accelerate the residual solvent removal from spray dried materials....
PURPOSE
The purpose of this work is to introduce solvent-assisted secondary drying, a method used to accelerate the residual solvent removal from spray dried materials. Spray-drying is used to manufacture amorphous solid dispersions, which enhance the bioavailability of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) with low aqueous solubility. In the spray-drying process, API and excipients are co-dissolved in a volatile organic solvent, atomized into droplets through a nozzle, and introduced to a drying chamber containing heated nitrogen gas. The product dries rapidly to form a powder, but small amounts of residual solvent (typically, 1 to 10 wt%) remain in the product and must be removed in a secondary-drying process. For some spray-dried materials, secondary drying by traditional techniques can take days and requires balancing stability risks with process time.
METHODS
Spray-dried polymers were secondary dried, comparing the results for three state-of-the-art methods that employed a jacketed, agitated-vessel dryer: (1) vacuum-only drying, (2) water-assisted drying, or (3) methanol-assisted drying. Samples of material were pulled at various time points and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and Karl Fischer (KF) titration to track the drying process.
RESULTS
Model systems were chosen for which secondary drying is slow. For all cases studied, methanol-assisted drying outperformed the vacuum-only and water-assisted drying methods.
CONCLUSIONS
The observation that methanol-assisted drying is more effective than the other drying techniques is consistent with the free-volume theory of solvent diffusion in polymers.
Topics: Chromatography, Gas; Desiccation; Drug Compounding; Excipients; Kinetics; Mass Spectrometry; Methanol; Polymers; Powders; Solubility; Solvents; Volatile Organic Compounds; Water
PubMed: 32737611
DOI: 10.1007/s11095-020-02890-0 -
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics Oct 2017Spray drying is a promising method for the stabilization of vaccines, which are usually formulated as liquids. Usually, vaccine stability is improved by spray drying in... (Review)
Review
Spray drying is a promising method for the stabilization of vaccines, which are usually formulated as liquids. Usually, vaccine stability is improved by spray drying in the presence of a range of excipients. Unlike freeze drying, there is no freezing step involved, thus the damage related to this step is avoided. The edge of spray drying resides in its ability for particles to be engineered to desired requirements, which can be used in various vaccine delivery methods and routes. Although several spray dried vaccines have shown encouraging preclinical results, the number of vaccines that have been tested in clinical trials is limited, indicating a relatively new area of vaccine stabilization and delivery. This article reviews the current status of spray dried vaccine formulations and delivery methods. In particular it discusses the impact of process stresses on vaccine integrity, the application of excipients in spray drying of vaccines, process and formulation optimization strategies based on Design of Experiment approaches as well as opportunities for future application of spray dried vaccine powders for vaccine delivery.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Desiccation; Drug Compounding; Humans; Influenza Vaccines; Mice; Nasal Sprays; Particle Size; Powders; Vaccine Potency; Vaccines
PubMed: 28925794
DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1356952 -
Materials (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2018The performance of electrode materials in lithium-ion (Li-ion), sodium-ion (Na-ion) and related batteries depends not only on their chemical composition but also on... (Review)
Review
The performance of electrode materials in lithium-ion (Li-ion), sodium-ion (Na-ion) and related batteries depends not only on their chemical composition but also on their microstructure. The choice of a synthesis method is therefore of paramount importance. Amongst the wide variety of synthesis or shaping routes reported for an ever-increasing panel of compositions, spray-drying stands out as a versatile tool offering demonstrated potential for up-scaling to industrial quantities. In this review, we provide an overview of the rapidly increasing literature including both spray-drying of solutions and spray-drying of suspensions. We focus, in particular, on the chemical aspects of the formulation of the solution/suspension to be spray-dried. We also consider the post-processing of the spray-dried precursors and the resulting morphologies of granules. The review references more than 300 publications in tables where entries are listed based on final compound composition, starting materials, sources of carbon etc.
PubMed: 29941820
DOI: 10.3390/ma11071076 -
Current Issues in Molecular Biology 2021Exploiting the potential of bacteriophages for phage therapy is an exciting future prospect. However, in order to be successful, there is a pressing need for the... (Review)
Review
Exploiting the potential of bacteriophages for phage therapy is an exciting future prospect. However, in order to be successful, there is a pressing need for the manufacture of safe and efficacious phage drug products to treat patients. Scalable manufacture of phage biologics as a stable solid dry powder form is highly desirable and achievable using the process of spray drying. Spray drying of purified phage suspensions formulated with suitable excipients can be carried out in a single step with high process throughput and at relatively low cost. The resulting phage-containing powders can possess good storage shelf-life. The process allows control over the final phage dose in the powder and production of microparticles suitable for a variety of therapeutic uses. Spray dried powders may include different polymer formulations employing a multitude of different triggers for phage release at the target site including pH, enzymes, virulence factors etc. The activity of the phages in spray dried powders is adversely affected during spray drying due to dessication and thermal stresses which need to be controlled. The choice of polymers, excipients and moisture content of the dry powders affects the material glass transition temperature and the stability of the phages during storage. The storage temperature and storage humidty are important factors affecting the stability of the phages in the dry powders. A quality by design (QbD) approach for phage drug product development needs to identify drug product characteristics that are critical to quality from the patient's perspective and translates them into the critical quality attributes (CQA) of the drug product. The relationship between the phage drug product CQAs and formulation development and spray drying process conditions are discussed in this article.
Topics: Bacteriophages; Capsules; Desiccation; Drug Compounding; Drug Storage; Excipients; Humans; Humidity; Phage Therapy; Powders; Spray Drying; Transition Temperature
PubMed: 32678066
DOI: 10.21775/cimb.040.303 -
Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery Jan 2018The rising demand for pharmaceutical particles with tailored physicochemical properties has opened new markets for spray drying especially for solubility enhancement,... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
The rising demand for pharmaceutical particles with tailored physicochemical properties has opened new markets for spray drying especially for solubility enhancement, improving inhalation medicines and stabilization of biopharmaceuticals. Despite this, the spray drying literature is scattered and often does not address the principles underpinning robust development of pharmaceuticals. It is therefore necessary to present clearer picture of the field and highlight the factors influencing particle design and scale-up.
AREAS COVERED
The review presents a systematic analysis of the trends in development of particle delivery systems using spray drying. This is followed by exploring the mechanisms governing particle formation in the process stages. Particle design factors including those of equipment configurations and feed/process attributes were highlighted. Finally, the review summarises the current industrial approaches for upscaling pharmaceutical spray drying.
EXPERT OPINION
Spray drying provides the ability to design particles of the desired functionality. This greatly benefits the pharmaceutical sector especially as product specifications are becoming more encompassing and exacting. One of the biggest barriers to product translation remains one of scale-up/scale-down. A shift from trial and error approaches to model-based particle design helps to enhance control over product properties. To this end, process innovations and advanced manufacturing technologies are particularly welcomed.
Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Desiccation; Drug Delivery Systems; Dry Powder Inhalers; Equipment Design; Humans; Particle Size; Solubility; Technology, Pharmaceutical
PubMed: 28423954
DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2017.1321634 -
Materials (Basel, Switzerland) Feb 2022Composites of magnetite nanoparticles encapsulated with polymers attract interest for many applications, especially as theragnostic agents for magnetic hyperthermia,...
Composites of magnetite nanoparticles encapsulated with polymers attract interest for many applications, especially as theragnostic agents for magnetic hyperthermia, drug delivery, and magnetic resonance imaging. In this work, magnetite nanoparticles were synthesized by coprecipitation and encapsulated with different polymers (Eudragit S100, Pluronic F68, Maltodextrin, and surfactants) by nano spray drying technique, which can produce powders of nanoparticles from solutions or suspensions. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy images showed that the bare magnetite nanoparticles have 10.5 nm, and after encapsulation, the particles have approximately 1 μm, with size and shape depending on the material's composition. The values of magnetic saturation by SQUID magnetometry and mass residues by thermogravimetric analysis were used to characterize the magnetic content in the materials, related to their magnetite/polymer ratios. Zero-field-cooling and field-cooling (ZFC/FC) measurements showed how blocking temperatures of the powders of the composites are lower than that of bare magnetite, possibly due to lower magnetic coupling, being an interesting system to study magnetic interactions of nanoparticles. Furthermore, studies of cytotoxic effect, hydrodynamic size, and heating capacity for hyperthermia (according to the application of an alternate magnetic field) show that these composites could be applied as a theragnostic material for a non-invasive administration such as nasal.
PubMed: 35268986
DOI: 10.3390/ma15051755 -
Food Science & Nutrition Dec 2021Tea leaves () have many health benefits due to their abundance of polyphenols with antioxidant activity, most notably epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). To protect those...
Tea leaves () have many health benefits due to their abundance of polyphenols with antioxidant activity, most notably epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). To protect those bioactive compounds, the spray-drying technique of green tea-extracted solution is conducted because of encapsulating. This study aimed to optimize the spray-drying condition using the response surface methodology (RSM) with respect to the maximal polyphenol content of the product. Furthermore, the characterizations of resulting powder were determined. The results showed that optimal spray-drying temperature, input flow rate, and whey protein isolate (WPI) content were evaluated at 136℃, 6.8 rpm, and 10.3% of dry basis, respectively. The obtained green tea powder products, which got from optimal spray-drying process, achieved total polyphenol content (TPC), EGCG, and caffeine content of 322.06 mg GAE/g, 11.4%, and 2.8% of dry basis, respectively. This result revealed the feasibility of green tea leaves to produce tea powder rich in EGCG and polyphenols by spray-drying technique, potentially contributing to the diversification of tea products.
PubMed: 34925786
DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2597 -
Therapeutic Delivery May 2019
Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Freeze Drying; Humans; Powders; RNA, Small Interfering
PubMed: 31094296
DOI: 10.4155/tde-2019-0018