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The Journal of Histochemistry and... May 2020Our previous studies indicated that YIGSR-A99 peptides chemically conjugated to fibrin hydrogel (FH) and applied to wounded submandibular gland (SMG) in vivo, formed new...
Our previous studies indicated that YIGSR-A99 peptides chemically conjugated to fibrin hydrogel (FH) and applied to wounded submandibular gland (SMG) in vivo, formed new organized salivary tissue, whereas wounded SMG treated with FH alone or in the absence of a scaffold showed disorganized collagen formation and poor tissue healing. While these studies indicated that damaged SMG grow and differentiate when treated with FH containing L1 peptide, they were performed only in female mice. However, there is a well-established sexual dimorphism present in mouse SMG (e.g., males develop well-differentiated granular convoluted tubules, but these structures are poorly developed in females) and little is known about how these sex differences influence wound healing events. Therefore, the goal of this study was to conduct comparative analyses of regeneration patterns in male and female mice using L-FH in a wounded SMG mouse model. Particularly, we focused on sex-dependent wound healing events such as macrophage polarization, vascularization, tissue organization, and collagen deposition, and how these events affect salivary gland functioning.
Topics: Animals; Collagen; Female; Fibrin; Hydrogels; Macrophages; Male; Mice; Neovascularization, Physiologic; Regeneration; Saliva; Sex Characteristics; Submandibular Gland; Wound Healing
PubMed: 32391739
DOI: 10.1369/0022155420922948 -
European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology,... Sep 2021Treatment of symptomatic impacted and palpable submandibular lithiasis generally involves a combined transoral and sialendoscopic approach with an excellent success...
Treatment of symptomatic impacted and palpable submandibular lithiasis generally involves a combined transoral and sialendoscopic approach with an excellent success rate, and a low morbidity. Nevertheless, the approach of proximal or hilar lithiasis may in some cases represent a real challenge and cause major surgical discomfort, which could increase the risk of damage to the lingual nerve. This article details the surgical technique and advantages of submandibular lithiasis removal by transoral robotic surgery combined with sialendoscopy, together with a case video.
Topics: Endoscopy; Humans; Robotic Surgical Procedures; Robotics; Salivary Gland Calculi; Submandibular Gland; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 34088641
DOI: 10.1016/j.anorl.2020.11.016 -
Journal of Visualized Experiments : JoVE May 2018The submandibular salivary gland (SMG) is one of the three major salivary glands, and is of interest for many different fields of biological research, including cell...
The submandibular salivary gland (SMG) is one of the three major salivary glands, and is of interest for many different fields of biological research, including cell biology, oncology, dentistry, and immunology. The SMG is an exocrine gland comprised of secretory epithelial cells, myofibroblasts, endothelial cells, nerves, and extracellular matrix. Dynamic cellular processes in the rat and mouse SMG have previously been imaged, mostly using inverted multi-photon microscope systems. Here, we describe a straightforward protocol for the surgical preparation and stabilization of the murine SMG in anesthetized mice for in vivo imaging with upright multi-photon microscope systems. We present representative intravital image sets of endogenous and adoptively transferred fluorescent cells, including the labeling of blood vessels or salivary ducts and second harmonic generation to visualize fibrillar collagen. In sum, our protocol allows for surgical preparation of mouse salivary glands in upright microscopy systems, which are commonly used for intravital imaging in the field of immunology.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Intravital Microscopy; Male; Mice; Salivary Glands; Submandibular Gland
PubMed: 29781999
DOI: 10.3791/57283 -
Journal of Visualized Experiments : JoVE May 2018Two common goals of salivary gland therapeutics are prevention and cure of tissue dysfunction following either autoimmune or radiation injury. By locally delivering...
Two common goals of salivary gland therapeutics are prevention and cure of tissue dysfunction following either autoimmune or radiation injury. By locally delivering bioactive compounds to the salivary glands, greater tissue concentrations can be safely achieved versus systemic administration. Furthermore, off target tissue effects from extra-glandular accumulation of material can be dramatically reduced. In this regard, retroductal injection is a widely used method for investigating both salivary gland biology and pathophysiology. Retroductal administration of growth factors, primary cells, adenoviral vectors, and small molecule drugs has been shown to support gland function in the setting of injury. We have previously shown the efficacy of a retroductally injected nanoparticle-siRNA strategy to maintain gland function following irradiation. Here, a highly effective and reproducible method to administer nanomaterials to the murine submandibular gland through Wharton's duct is detailed (Figure 1). We describe accessing the oral cavity and outline the steps necessary to cannulate Wharton's duct, with further observations serving as quality checks throughout the procedure.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nanoparticles; Submandibular Gland
PubMed: 29781991
DOI: 10.3791/57521 -
Anatomical Record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) Nov 2015Type 2 diabetes mellitus represents one of the principal diseases that afflict the world population and is often associated with malfunction of salivary glands and... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Type 2 diabetes mellitus represents one of the principal diseases that afflict the world population and is often associated with malfunction of salivary glands and consequent oral diseases. We recently described significant ultrastructural alterations in the human submandibular gland in diabetic patients without evident oral pathologies. Herein, an analogs morphometrical investigation was focused on the parotid gland in order to evaluate if one of the two glands is more affected by diabetes. Parotid fragments from diabetic and nondiabetic patients were fixed, dehydrated, and processed for light and electron microscopy. Serous cells were randomly photographed and the density and size of several structures involved in the secretory process were examined by morphometry. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed significant changes in the number of apically docked granules and vesicles, suggesting that the last steps in exocytosis are somehow altered in diabetic cells. Other variables analyzed by light and transmission electron microscopy such as the size of acini and secretory granules did not show significant changes, but comparison with previous data obtained with submandibular gland cells demonstrated that the two glands are affected differently.
Topics: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Humans; Male; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Middle Aged; Parotid Gland; Submandibular Gland
PubMed: 26264892
DOI: 10.1002/ar.23255 -
European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology,... Oct 2022
Topics: Humans; Submandibular Gland; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 35125332
DOI: 10.1016/j.anorl.2021.11.009 -
Journal of Cancer Research and... 2022The submandibular glands (SMGs) excision during head-and-neck oncosurgeries lead to significant morbidity and degradation of quality of life (QOL). The preservation of...
CONTEXT
The submandibular glands (SMGs) excision during head-and-neck oncosurgeries lead to significant morbidity and degradation of quality of life (QOL). The preservation of SMGs during head-and-neck oncosurgeries, without affecting oncological safety, will improve QOL by preventing xerostomia in these patients.
AIMS
The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the involvement of SMG by malignancy during neck dissection being done for the squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of tongue and to evaluate oncological safety of SMG preservation in SCC of the tongue. Settings and Design: The study design was a retrospective analytical study.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS
The study included 391 patients of SCC of tongue operated at Quaternary oncological center from January 2016 to February 2020. The treatment records of 371 patients were reviewed for demographical data, nodal metastasis, and histopathological involvement of SMG by SCC. The statistical analysis was done using SPSS 22.
RESULTS
A total of 555 necks dissected were assessed, out of which 95 necks dissected were positive for nodal metastasis at level Ib. The SMG was involved by SCC in only two cases, both of which were poorly differentiated SCC. No intraglandular lymph nodes were detected in any of the SMG dissected.
CONCLUSIONS
The study showed that involvement of the SMG by SCC of the tongue is not very common, and it may be possible to preserve the SMG during neck dissection in selected cases in SCC of the tongue. The preservation will definitely improve QOL of the patients, as excision of the SMG is one of the prominent factors, resulting in xerostomia.
Topics: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Humans; Mouth Neoplasms; Neck Dissection; Quality of Life; Retrospective Studies; Submandibular Gland; Tongue; Xerostomia
PubMed: 35900530
DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.JCRT_1661_20 -
Journal of Nippon Medical School =... 2021Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) is a rare malignant salivary gland tumor that occurs mostly in the parotid gland. We report a case of EMC of the submandibular...
Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) is a rare malignant salivary gland tumor that occurs mostly in the parotid gland. We report a case of EMC of the submandibular gland in a young man. The patient was aware of a slow-growing mass in the right submandibular gland for 1 year. Clinical examination and ultrasound confirmed a right submandibular mass, 2.5 × 3 cm in size. Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration indicated a diagnosis of pleomorphic adenoma, which was also suggested by magnetic resonance imaging. The submandibular gland tumor was excised. Immunohistochemical analysis showed carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma with a major epithelial-myoepithelial component. The patient was not treated with radiotherapy after surgery. No recurrence was observed during 24 months of follow-up. Because the morphology of EMC is similar to that of a benign tumor, it is frequently initially misdiagnosed. Surgery is always the most effective diagnostic and therapeutic measure for salivary gland tumors, especially those that grow slowly. Resection with negative margins is the treatment of choice for EMC; use of adjuvant radiotherapy is controversial.
Topics: Adenoma, Pleomorphic; Adult; Carcinoma; Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Myoepithelioma; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary; Submandibular Gland; Submandibular Gland Neoplasms; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 34193744
DOI: 10.1272/jnms.JNMS.2021_88-309 -
American Journal of Physiology.... Jan 2011We previously reported that endothelins (ETs) are involved in the rat central and peripheral regulation of bile secretion. In this study we sought to establish whether...
We previously reported that endothelins (ETs) are involved in the rat central and peripheral regulation of bile secretion. In this study we sought to establish whether ET-1 and ET-3 modulated submandibular gland secretion when locally or centrally applied. Animals were prepared with gland duct cannulation to collect saliva samples and jugular cannulation to administer sialogogues. ETs were given either into the submandibular gland or brain lateral ventricle. Intraglandularly administered ETs failed to elicit salivation per se. However, ET-1, but not ET-3, potentiated both cholinergic- and adrenergic-evoked salivation through ET(A) receptors. ET-1 decreased cAMP content but increased phosphoinositide hydrolysis, whereas ET-3 attenuated both intracellular pathways. The expression of ET(A) and ET(B) receptor mRNAs as well as that of ETs was revealed in the submandibular gland by RT-PCR. Immunohistochemical studies showed that ET(A) receptor staining was localized around the interlobular ducts and acini, compatible with the myoepithelial cells' location, whereas ET(B) receptor staining was restricted to small blood vessels. When applied to the brain, both ETs induced no salivation but enhanced cholinergic- and adrenergic-evoked salivary secretion through parasympathetic pathways. ET-1 response was mediated by brain ET(A) receptors, whereas that of ET-3 was presumably through nonconventional ET receptors. Present findings show that ETs are involved in the brain regulation of cholinergic- and adrenergic-stimulated submandibular gland secretion through the activation of distinct brain ET receptors and parasympathetic pathways. However, when ETs were administered into the gland, only ET-1 enhanced cholinergic and adrenergic salivation likely through myopithelial cell contraction by activating ET(A) receptors coupled to phospholipase C. The presence of ETs and ET receptors suggests the existence of an endothelinergic system in the submandibular gland.
Topics: Animals; Endothelin-1; Endothelin-3; Models, Animal; Nucleotides, Cyclic; Phosphatidylinositols; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Endothelin; Salivation; Submandibular Gland
PubMed: 20943854
DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00041.2010 -
The Neuroradiology Journal Apr 2022The present case study reports contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance findings in three patients with histopathologically proven IgG4-related chronic sclerosing...
The present case study reports contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance findings in three patients with histopathologically proven IgG4-related chronic sclerosing sialadenitis of the submandibular gland. All three patients presented with painless swelling of the submandibular region. The contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images showed reticular enhancement of the swollen submandibular gland. Radiological-pathological correlation revealed that the characteristic reticular enhancement corresponded to fibrosis and to inflammatory cell infiltration in the interlobular septa and in the periductal region of the submandibular gland.
Topics: Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Sialadenitis; Submandibular Gland; Submandibular Gland Diseases
PubMed: 34293986
DOI: 10.1177/19714009211034475