-
Journal of the American College of... Feb 2016The inflammatory biomarker high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) adds prognostic information on cardiovascular risk comparable to blood pressure or cholesterol.... (Review)
Review
The inflammatory biomarker high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) adds prognostic information on cardiovascular risk comparable to blood pressure or cholesterol. Values <1, 1 to 3, and >3 mg/l indicate lower, average, or higher relative cardiovascular risk, respectively. Global risk algorithms that include hsCRP outperform those solely using Framingham covariates. Although diet, exercise, and smoking cessation are first steps for patients with a proinflammatory response, JUPITER (Justification for the Use of Statins in Prevention: an Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin) trial data demonstrate that statins reduce by 47% the rate of first myocardial infarction, stroke, or confirmed cardiovascular death when given to patients with low-density lipoprotein-C levels of <130 mg/dl and hsCRP of >2 mg/l (hazard ratio: 0.53; 95% confidence interval: 0.40 to 0.69; p < 0.00001). In current U.S. guidelines, hsCRP carries a class IIb assessment and is most appropriate in primary prevention when clinical decisions to initiate statin therapy are uncertain. Ongoing multinational trials are pursuing whether reducing inflammation will decrease vascular event rates.
Topics: Biomarkers; C-Reactive Protein; Cardiovascular Diseases; Global Health; Humans; Incidence; Predictive Value of Tests; Reproducibility of Results; Risk Assessment; Survival Rate
PubMed: 26868696
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.11.037 -
Journal of Esthetic and Restorative... Nov 2019To evaluate the survival rate of ceramic and indirect composite inlays, onlays, and overlays manufactured according to different methods (CAD/CAM, pressable, and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the survival rate of ceramic and indirect composite inlays, onlays, and overlays manufactured according to different methods (CAD/CAM, pressable, and stratified). MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for published articles. Risk of bias, data extraction, subgroup analysis, meta-analysis, and GRADE was performed.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Prospective, retrospective, or RCT studies, without restriction of language, from 1983 to 2019, with follow-up ≥5 years, reporting survival rates were screened independently by two reviewers in accordance with eligibility criteria.
RESULTS
A total of 13 articles (12 for ceramic, one for indirect composite) met the inclusion criteria. No articles were included regarding crystalline ceramic. The estimated cumulative survival rate for CAD/CAM was 97% after 5 years and 89% after 10 years; for pressable was 95% after 5 years, and for stratified was 88% after 5 years and 93% after 10 years.
CONCLUSIONS
Regardless of the manufacturing method, vitreous ceramic inlays, onlays, and overlays showed high survival, providing evidence that these restorations are a safe treatment.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Vitreous ceramic inlays, onlays, and overlays showed high survival, regardless of the manufacturing method, providing evidence that these restorations are a safe treatment.
Topics: Ceramics; Composite Resins; Dental Porcelain; Dental Restoration Failure; Prospective Studies; Retrospective Studies; Survival Rate
PubMed: 31840412
DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12555 -
International Journal of Environmental... Feb 2022To determine the survival rates of endodontically treated posterior teeth (EDPT) restored with partial coverage all-ceramic crowns with or without the use of fiber posts. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
To determine the survival rates of endodontically treated posterior teeth (EDPT) restored with partial coverage all-ceramic crowns with or without the use of fiber posts.
METHODS
MEDLINE and Cochrane searches were conducted in order to identify Randomized Clinical Trials (RCTs) related to endodontically treated posterior teeth restored with partial coverage crowns. The search period was extended until February 2020 and only in vivo, human, and studies in the English language were included. A manual search was also conducted and additional articles, if found, were included in the database.
RESULTS
The initial search for the selected databases identified 495 studies, which were all screened for inclusion through titles, abstracts and full-text reading. Out of these 495 studies, only one article met the eligibility criteria and was included in this systematic review. Statistical analysis could not be performed.
CONCLUSIONS
Only one RCT was identified in this systematic review. More clinical evidence is necessary to assess the survival rate of EDPT with partial-coverage crowns. This systematic review failed because it did not find scientific evidence to support the use of indirect bonded restorations on EDPT.
Topics: Ceramics; Databases, Factual; Dental Restoration Failure; Humans; Research Design; Survival Rate; Tooth, Nonvital
PubMed: 35206160
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19041971 -
European Endodontic Journal Mar 2022The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of coronal restorations on the survival rates against fracture of endodontically treated premolars with exposed...
Comparison of the Survival Rate Against Fracture of Endodontically Treated Premolars with Exposed Cervical Lesions Restored with Crowns and Resin Composites: A Retrospective Study.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of coronal restorations on the survival rates against fracture of endodontically treated premolars with exposed cervical lesions and to identify the prognostic factors for fracture.
METHODS
Data of the endodontically treated premolars with exposed cervical lesions restored with resin composites or crowns between 2011 and 2020 were collected. The presence of a fracture was recorded, and the possible prognostic factors were recorded. Statistical analyses were performed, with a significance level of P<0.05, using a Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, log-rank tests, and Cox proportional hazard models were used to identify the prognostic factors.
RESULTS
The survival rates against fracture were not significantly different between the teeth restored with crowns (93.3%) or resin composites (86%) (P≥0.05). A high frequency of non-restorable fractures was observed in both groups. Crestal bone reduction to the middle-third of the root was identified as the significant prognostic factor (P<0.05).
CONCLUSION
For endodontically treated premolars with exposed cervical lesions, resin composite restorations provided a high comparable survival rate that was comparable to that of crowns. A higher risk of fracture was found in endodontically treated premolars with crestal bone loss to the middle-third of the root.
Topics: Bicuspid; Crowns; Dental Restoration Failure; Humans; Post and Core Technique; Retrospective Studies; Survival Rate; Tooth Fractures
PubMed: 35353058
DOI: 10.14744/eej.2021.21939 -
Medical Science Monitor : International... Mar 2022BACKGROUND Cervical cancer (CC) is the most frequent type of cancer among women and its poor prognosis is a main concern, while the prognostic factors for CC have still... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Prognostic Significance of Clinicopathological Factors Influencing Overall Survival and Event-Free Survival of Patients with Cervical Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer (CC) is the most frequent type of cancer among women and its poor prognosis is a main concern, while the prognostic factors for CC have still remained controversial. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to identify the prognostic significance of clinicopathological factors, influencing overall survival (OS), and event-free survival (EFS) of CC patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS The electronic databases of PubMed, EmBase, and the Cochrane library were systematically searched for identification of eligible studies published until June 2021. The pooled hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using the random-effects model. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses and assessment of publication bias were also conducted. RESULTS We selected 140 studies that involved 47 965 patients for the meta-analysis. The results revealed that age, cell type, depth of tumor invasion, the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, hemoglobin level, histological grade, leukocytosis, lymph node involvement, lymph-vascular space invasion, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, parametrial invasion, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, resection margin, squamous cell carcinoma antigen level, thrombocytosis, tumor grade, tumor size, and tumor volume were clinicopathological factors influencing OS and EFS of CC patients (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study comprehensively identified the prognostic significance of clinicopathological factors, influencing OS, and EFS of CC patients. However, further large-scale prospective studies should be conducted to verify our findings and develop more accurate prognostic models for CC.
Topics: Disease-Free Survival; Female; Global Health; Humans; Neoplasm Staging; Prognosis; Survival Rate; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
PubMed: 35260545
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.934588 -
JACC. Heart Failure Dec 2020
Topics: Heart Failure; Humans; Patient-Centered Care; Research Design; Risk Factors; Survival Rate
PubMed: 33039449
DOI: 10.1016/j.jchf.2020.09.003 -
PeerJ 2023To quantitatively assess and compare the clinical outcomes, including survival rate, success rate, and peri-implant indices of titanium and zirconium implants in... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
PURPOSE
To quantitatively assess and compare the clinical outcomes, including survival rate, success rate, and peri-implant indices of titanium and zirconium implants in randomized controlled trials.
METHODS
The electronic databases searched included the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Medline Ovid, EMBASE, and Web of Science. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that reported the effects of zirconium implants on primary outcomes, such as survival rate, success rate, marginal bone loss (MBL), and probing pocket depth (PPD), compared to titanium implants were included in this review. Two reviewers independently screened and selected the records, assessed their quality, and extracted the data from the included studies.
RESULTS
A total of four studies from six publications reviewed were included. Two of the comparative studies were assessed at minimal risk of bias. Zirconium implants may have a lower survival rate (risk ratio (RR) = 0.91, CI [0.82-1.02], = 0.100, = 0%) and a significantly lower success rate than titanium implants (RR = 0.87, CI [0.78-0.98], = 0.030, = 0%). In addition, there was no difference between the titanium and zirconium implants in terms of MBL, PPD, bleeding on probing (BOP), plaque index (PI), and pink esthetic score (PES) (for MBL, MD = 0.25, CI [0.02-0.49], = 0.033, = 0%; for PPD, MD = -0.07, CI [-0.19-0.05], = 0.250, = 31%).
CONCLUSION
Zirconium implants may have higher failure rates due to their mechanical weakness. Zirconium implants should be strictly assessed before they enter the market. Further studies are required to confirm these findings.
Topics: Titanium; Zirconium; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Prostheses and Implants; Survival Rate
PubMed: 36949758
DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15010 -
Preventive Cardiology 2005An attenuated heart rate recovery immediately after exercise, thought to be a marker of reduced parasympathetic activity, has been demonstrated to be an independent... (Review)
Review
An attenuated heart rate recovery immediately after exercise, thought to be a marker of reduced parasympathetic activity, has been demonstrated to be an independent predictor of all-cause mortality in several large-scale studies; however, the mechanisms by which impaired heart rate recovery confers an increased risk of death are not clear. From clinical observation, vagal reactivation was thought to be the major determinant of the decrease in heart rate during the first 30 seconds of recovery, independent of age and the intensity of exercise; however, patients with attenuated heart rate recovery were also shown to have lower exercise workload, shorter exercise duration, lower numbers achieving 90% target heart rate, and even impaired endothelial function. This review focuses on the roles of heart rate recovery and endothelial function in predicting future mortality and their interaction.
Topics: Age Factors; Cardiovascular Diseases; Endothelium, Vascular; Exercise; Exercise Test; Heart Rate; Humans; Predictive Value of Tests; Risk Factors; Survival Rate
PubMed: 16034220
DOI: 10.1111/j.1520-037x.2005.3847.x -
Nefrologia : Publicacion Oficial de La... Jan 2013The introduction of new immunosuppressant drugs in recent years has allowed for a reduction in acute rejection rates along with highly significant improvements in... (Review)
Review
The introduction of new immunosuppressant drugs in recent years has allowed for a reduction in acute rejection rates along with highly significant improvements in short-term kidney transplantation results. Nonetheless, this improvement has not translated into such significant changes in long-term results. In this manner, late graft failure continues to be a frequent cause of readmission onto dialysis programmes and re-entry onto the waiting list. Multiple entities of immunological and non-immunological origin act together and lead to chronic allograft dysfunction. The characteristics of the transplanted organ are a greater determinant of graft survival, and although various algorithms have been designed as a way of understanding the risk of the transplant organ and assigning the most adequate recipient accordingly. They are applied in the clinical setting only under exceptional circumstances. Characterising, for each patient, the immune factors (clinical and subclinical rejection, reactivation of dormant viral infections, adherence to treatment) and non-immune factors (hypertension, diabetes, anaemia, dyslipidaemia) that contribute to chronic allograft dysfunction could allow us to intervene more effectively as a way of delaying the progress of such processes. Therefore, identifying the causes of graft failure and its risk factors, applying predictive models, and intervening in causal factors could constitute strategies for improving kidney transplantation results in terms of survival. This review analyses some of the evidences conditioning graft failure as well as related therapeutic and prognostic aspects: 1) magnitude of the problem and causes of graft failure; 2) identification of graft failure risk factors; 3) therapeutic strategies for reducing graft failure, and; 4) graft failure prediction.
Topics: Graft Survival; Humans; Immunosuppression Therapy; Kidney Transplantation; Risk Factors; Survival Rate; Treatment Failure
PubMed: 23364624
DOI: 10.3265/Nefrologia.pre2012.Oct.11739 -
Thorax Nov 2013Pneumonia remains the leading cause of childhood mortality and the most common reason for adult hospitalisation in low and middle income countries, despite advances in... (Review)
Review
Pneumonia remains the leading cause of childhood mortality and the most common reason for adult hospitalisation in low and middle income countries, despite advances in preventative and management strategies. In the last decade, pneumonia mortality in children has fallen to approximately 1.3 million cases in 2011, with most deaths occurring in low income countries. Important recent advances include more widespread implementation of protein-polysaccharide conjugate vaccines against Haemophilus influenzae type B and Streptococcus pneumoniae, implementation of case-management algorithms and better prevention and treatment of HIV. Determining the aetiology of pneumonia is challenging in the absence of reliable diagnostic tests. High uptake of new bacterial conjugate vaccines may impact on pneumonia burden, aetiology and empiric therapy but implementation in immunisation programmes in many low and middle income countries remains an obstacle. Widespread implementation of currently effective preventative and management strategies for pneumonia remains challenging in many low and middle income countries.
Topics: Developing Countries; Humans; Morbidity; Pneumonia; Survival Rate
PubMed: 23956020
DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2013-204247