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Scanning 2022In order to study the vascular density and retinal thickness of myopic children, a depth study was carried out on the basis of OCTA microscope. Through the methods of...
In order to study the vascular density and retinal thickness of myopic children, a depth study was carried out on the basis of OCTA microscope. Through the methods of prospective cross-sectional research, statistical analysis, and basic data comparison, the research examination of myopia children under OCTA was successfully analyzed. There were significant differences in the density of superficial capillaries in the whole macular region, inner ring, temporal side of inner ring, and nasal side ( = 0.033, 0.024, 0.018, 0.032), and there was no significant difference in other ranges ( > 0.05). Macular fovea, as the most sensitive part of the retina, has pathological changes, which will also lead to serious negative effects on vision. The limitations of cross-sectional studies include the results of a relatively small sample size. After the study of OCTA in the macular region of children with myopia, it is related to the progressive atrophy of the retina and choroid in the macular region. When there are obvious pathological changes in the macular region, the thickness of the macular region becomes significantly thinner. We found that there was a positive correlation between retinal vascular density and retinal thickness in the fovea and above of myopia. The retinal thickness of the whole macular region, the inner ring and its four quadrants, and the outer ring and its four quadrants were positively correlated with SE (standard error) (all < 0.05); Foveal ring retinal thickness was not associated with SE.
Topics: Child; Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Macula Lutea; Microvascular Density; Myopia; Prospective Studies; Retina; Tomography, Optical Coherence
PubMed: 35811761
DOI: 10.1155/2022/5038918 -
Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics Apr 2019To examine an unselective population of fetuses with right aortic arch (RAA) and suggest perinatal management. Second, to evaluate the importance and possible...
PURPOSE
To examine an unselective population of fetuses with right aortic arch (RAA) and suggest perinatal management. Second, to evaluate the importance and possible implication of fetal MRI in those cases.
METHODS
Retrospective study of 36 patients with RAA diagnosed prenatally between 2006 and 2017 in a tertiary referral center.
RESULTS
32 fetuses were diagnosed with RAA and 4 with double aortic arch (DAA). 7 (19, 5%) cases had intracardiac abnormalities. Tetralogy of the Fallot was the most frequent one. Other extracardiac malformations were observed in 11/36 (30, 6%). Karyotype was available in 16 (44, 5%) cases. Two had 22q11.2 microdeletion, two trisomy 21, and one 20p12.2 duplication. Two needed surgery for respiratory symptoms. A newborn was identified with epilepsy, Lennox-Gastaud syndrome and Pallister-Killian syndrome postnatally and another one with showed hyperreflexia and premature closer of the fontanelle. Three feticides were performed for pregnancy termination in one case with 22q11 deletion, trisomy 21, and partial agenesis of corpus callosum.
CONCLUSION
RAA can be detected by fetal echocardiography and it is associated with other cardiac or non-cardiac abnormalities, 22q11 microdeletion, trisomy 21, and other chromosomal abnormalities. karyotyping should be offered in any case of RAA, irrespective of co-existing malformations. Fetal MRI is a promising diagnostic tool for assessment of congenital cardiovascular abnormalities and extracardiac anomalies.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Retrospective Studies; Ultrasonography, Prenatal; Vascular Ring; Young Adult
PubMed: 30706183
DOI: 10.1007/s00404-019-05056-5 -
Frontiers in Medicine 2021To characterize the sex- and age-related alterations of the macular vascular geometry in a population of healthy eyes using fundus photography. A cross-sectional study...
To characterize the sex- and age-related alterations of the macular vascular geometry in a population of healthy eyes using fundus photography. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 610 eyes from 305 healthy subjects (136 men, 169 women) who underwent fundus photography examination and was divided into four age groups (G1 with age ≤ 25 years, G2 with age 26-35 years, G3 with age 36-45 years, and G4 with age ≥ 46 years). A self-developed automated retinal vasculature analysis system allowed segmentation and separate multiparametric quantification of the macular vascular network according to the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS). Vessel fractal dimension (D), vessel area rate (VAR), average vessel diameter (D), and vessel tortuosity (τ) were acquired and compared between sex and age groups. There was no significant difference between the mean age of male and female subjects (32.706 ± 10.372 and 33.494 ± 10.620, respectively, > 0.05) and the mean age of both sexes in each age group ( > 0.05). The D, VAR, and D of the inner ring, the D of the outer ring, and the D and VAR of the whole macula were significantly greater in men than women ( < 0.001, < 0.001, < 0.05, respectively). There was no significant change of τ between males and females ( > 0.05). The D, VAR, and D of the whole macula, the inner and outer rings associated negatively with age ( < 0.001), whereas the τ showed no significant association with age ( > 0.05). Comparison between age groups observed that D started to decrease from G2 compared with G1 in the inner ring ( < 0.05) and D, VAR, and D all decreased from G3 compared with the younger groups in the whole macula, inner and outer rings ( < 0.05). In the healthy subjects, macular vascular geometric parameters obtained from fundus photography showed that D, VAR, and D are related to sex and age while τ is not. The baseline values of the macular vascular geometry were also acquired for both sexes and all age groups.
PubMed: 34977079
DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.778346 -
The Canadian Veterinary Journal = La... Dec 2022A 1-year-old neutered male Labrador retriever was presented for investigation of chronic regurgitations that had started at weaning. Contrast radiographs and fluoroscopy...
A 1-year-old neutered male Labrador retriever was presented for investigation of chronic regurgitations that had started at weaning. Contrast radiographs and fluoroscopy of the thorax identified a focal narrowing of the proximal intrathoracic esophagus. Examination with CT-angiography excluded extraluminal causes for the narrowing, , vascular ring anomaly. Esophagoscopy revealed the presence of a muscular stenosis with the appearance of a sphincter at the level of the proximal intrathoracic esophagus, without evidence of stricture. A diagnosis of congenital esophageal stenosis was made, suspected secondary to fibromuscular hypertrophy. Regurgitation resolved with conservative management and the dog was well at a 2-year follow-up examination. This case represents one of few small animal cases of congenital esophageal stenosis reported and apparently the only case successfully managed conservatively. Key clinical message: This report describes the clinical presentation, diagnostic imaging findings, and treatment of a rare case of congenital esophageal stenosis in a Labrador retriever. Medical and conservative therapies alone may be sufficient for treatment of congenital esophageal stenosis depending on presentation and suspected histopathological type. These therapies should be considered before initiating interventional procedures.
Topics: Male; Dogs; Animals; Esophageal Stenosis; Esophagoscopy; Computed Tomography Angiography; Fluoroscopy; Vomiting; Dog Diseases
PubMed: 36467380
DOI: No ID Found -
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine 2021The incidence of dysfunctional vasomotor diseases has mostly occurred in postmenopausal women but not in premenopausal women. Hence, this study sought to investigate the...
The incidence of dysfunctional vasomotor diseases has mostly occurred in postmenopausal women but not in premenopausal women. Hence, this study sought to investigate the impact of estrogen deficiency during catecholamine stress on vasomotor function. Also, attempts were made to utilize estrogen replacement therapy to mitigate the adverse effects (pathological remodeling) of stress on the aortic vessels to preserve vasomotor functions. To do this, female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were ovariectomized (OVX) along with sham operations (Sham). Day 14 after OVX operation, 17-estradiol (E) was subcutaneously implanted (OVX+E). Day 35 after operation, stress was induced by isoproterenol (ISO) subcutaneous injections. Clinically relevant blood pressure indexes (systolic, diastolic, and mean atrial blood pressures) were assessed in the rats. Aortic vascular ring tensions were assessed to ascertain the impact of E on their vasomotor function. Aortic vascular rings (AVRs) from OVX+ISO exhibited a significant increase in contractility in response to phenylephrine than AVRs isolated from Sham+ISO rats. Also, sera levels of nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) and the expression of p-eNOS/eNOS from vascular tissues were ascertained. We demonstrate that, during stress, E prevented excessive weight gain and OVX rats had higher blood pressures than those in the Sham group. Further, we showed that E decreases ET-1 expressions during stress while upregulating NO expressions via enhancing eNOS activities to facilitate vasomotor functions. Finally, histological assessment revealed the E treatments during stress preserved vasomotor functions by preventing excessive intima-media thickening and collagen depositions in the aortic vascular walls.
PubMed: 34222374
DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.679240 -
Tissue Engineering. Part A Oct 2018Tissue-engineered human blood vessels may enable in vitro disease modeling and drug screening to accelerate advances in vascular medicine. Existing methods for...
Tissue-engineered human blood vessels may enable in vitro disease modeling and drug screening to accelerate advances in vascular medicine. Existing methods for tissue-engineered blood vessel (TEBV) fabrication create homogenous tubes not conducive to modeling the focal pathologies characteristic of certain vascular diseases. We developed a system for generating self-assembled human smooth muscle cell (SMC) ring units, which were fused together into TEBVs. The goal of this study was to assess the feasibility of modular assembly and fusion of ring building units to fabricate spatially controlled, heterogeneous tissue tubes. We first aimed to enhance fusion and reduce total culture time, and determined that reducing ring preculture duration improved tube fusion. Next, we incorporated electrospun polymer ring units onto tube ends as reinforced extensions, which allowed us to cannulate tubes after only 7 days of fusion, and culture tubes with luminal flow in a custom bioreactor. To create focal heterogeneities, we incorporated gelatin microspheres into select ring units during self-assembly, and fused these rings between ring units without microspheres. Cells within rings maintained their spatial position along tissue tubes after fusion. Because tubes fabricated from primary SMCs did not express contractile proteins, we also fabricated tubes from human mesenchymal stem cells, which expressed smooth muscle alpha actin and SM22-α. This work describes a platform approach for creating modular TEBVs with spatially defined structural heterogeneities, which may ultimately be applied to mimic focal diseases such as intimal hyperplasia or aneurysm.
Topics: Aorta; Bioreactors; Blood Vessels; Cell Fusion; Cell Proliferation; Cells, Cultured; Gelatin; Humans; Kinetics; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Microspheres; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle; Polyesters; Tissue Engineering
PubMed: 29724157
DOI: 10.1089/ten.TEA.2017.0492 -
Multimedia Manual of Cardiothoracic... Jun 2021One category of vascular rings is the right aortic arch associated with the diverticulum of Kommerell from which the left subclavian artery usually originates. In some...
One category of vascular rings is the right aortic arch associated with the diverticulum of Kommerell from which the left subclavian artery usually originates. In some cases, the right aortic arch crosses behind the trachea and the esophagus from right to left. The trachea and esophagus are compressed by the right aortic arch, the left ligamentum, and the posterior crossing aorta, which causes the typical symptoms of noisy breathing, dyspnea on exertion, dysphagia, and frequent upper respiratory tract infections. Division of the atretic arch segment between the diverticulum of Kommerell and the left common carotid artery may relieve the symptoms temporarily but does not relieve the compression produced by this vascular abnormality. Indeed, at the age of 10 months, this patient underwent anterior arch division and posterior aortopexy via a posterolateral thoracotomy in order to relieve the compression caused by the vascular ring. Several months after the initial operation, the patient had recurrent respiratory symptoms as a result of residual vascular compression from the circumflex arch. A CT scan and airway endoscopy confirmed tracheal compression; in addition, the tracheoscopy showed tracheomalacic changes in the compressed segment of the trachea. To relieve the symptoms and the compression, we decided to resect the tracheomalacic segment of the trachea and translocate the aortic arch anterior to the trachea and esophagus.
Topics: Aorta, Thoracic; Child, Preschool; Humans; Postoperative Complications; Respiratory Insufficiency; Trachea
PubMed: 34157220
DOI: 10.1510/mmcts.2021.036 -
Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine 2018Double aortic arch is a rare congenital and complete vascular ring around trachea and esophagus. It is usually diagnosed during infancy. The symptoms are generally...
BACKGROUND
Double aortic arch is a rare congenital and complete vascular ring around trachea and esophagus. It is usually diagnosed during infancy. The symptoms are generally related to respiratory and gastroesophageal tracts.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 20-year-old female patient was referred to our outpatient clinic for persistent dry cough. She had a history of an episode of inhalation of food bolus as an infant and recurrent bronchitis, anorexia and allergic bronchial asthma since the childhood. Since the beginning, an intrathoracic obstruction was suspected at pulmonary function tests. After 1 month of complete asthma treatment, the cough was unchanged and the spirometry confirmed the presence of an intrathoracic obstruction. Then, she underwent a chest CT with contrast medium, a contrast transthoracic echocardiography, a fiberbronchoscopy and an esophageal radiography with contrast medium. The final diagnosis was made and a double aortic arch was found.
CONCLUSION
A careful observation of the flo/olume curve should always be guaranteed and the presence of congenital vascular anomalies should be suspected in case of difficult-to-treat asthma.
PubMed: 30123502
DOI: 10.1186/s40248-018-0136-5 -
The Journal of Thoracic and... Aug 2017
Topics: Child; Humans; Internet; Thoracotomy; Vascular Ring; Young Adult
PubMed: 28366552
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2017.01.059 -
The Tohoku Journal of Experimental... Oct 1998A retrospective analysis was carried out on 93 patients with signet ring cell carcinoma of the stomach operated on between 1985 and 1995, to review the clinicopathologic... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Review
A retrospective analysis was carried out on 93 patients with signet ring cell carcinoma of the stomach operated on between 1985 and 1995, to review the clinicopathologic characteristics from the database of gastric cancer at Sendai National Hospital. The results were compared with those for 590 patients with other types of gastric carcinoma. Women were afflicted as commonly as men in the signet ring cell carcinoma group. These patients tended to be younger and to have larger tumors. The histological type was commonly scirrhous and infiltrative. The survival of patients with signet ring cell carcinoma was worse than that of patients with other types of gastric cancer but the difference was not statistically significant. Patients with early signet ring cell carcinoma had a good prognosis, similar to that of the other groups. However, prognosis of patients with advanced signet ring cell carcinoma was poor compared with patients with other types of this disease. In multivariate analysis, the statistical significant prognostic factors were vascular microinvasion and tumor location. These findings suggest that signet ring cell carcinoma of the stomach should be regarded as a distinct type of gastric cancer.
Topics: Age Distribution; Aged; Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell; Female; Humans; Japan; Life Tables; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Peritoneal Neoplasms; Prognosis; Pyloric Antrum; Retrospective Studies; Stomach Neoplasms; Survival Analysis
PubMed: 10223615
DOI: 10.1620/tjem.186.121