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BMC Medical Informatics and Decision... Sep 2020Clinically, doctors obtain the left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT) mainly by observing ultrasonic echocardiographic video stream to capture a single frame...
BACKGROUND
Clinically, doctors obtain the left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT) mainly by observing ultrasonic echocardiographic video stream to capture a single frame of images with diagnostic significance, and then mark two key points on both sides of the posterior wall of the left ventricle with their own experience for computer measurement. In the actual measurement, the doctor's selection point is subjective, and difficult to accurately locate the edge, which will bring errors to the measurement results.
METHODS
In this paper, a convolutional neural network model of left ventricular posterior wall positioning was built under the TensorFlow framework, and the target region images were obtained after the positioning results were processed by non-local mean filtering and opening operation. Then the edge detection algorithm based on threshold segmentation is used. After the contour was extracted by adjusting the segmentation threshold through prior analysis and the OTSU algorithm, the design algorithm completed the computer selection point measurement of the thickness of the posterior wall of the left ventricle.
RESULTS
The proposed method can effectively extract the left ventricular posterior wall contour and measure its thickness. The experimental results show that the relative error between the measurement result and the hospital measurement value is less than 15%, which is less than 20% of the acceptable repeatability error in clinical practice.
CONCLUSIONS
Therefore, the measurement method proposed in this paper has the advantages of less manual intervention, and the processing method is reasonable and has practical value.
Topics: Algorithms; Deep Learning; Echocardiography; Heart Ventricles; Humans; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular; Neural Networks, Computer
PubMed: 32977795
DOI: 10.1186/s12911-020-01255-2 -
Journal of the American College of... Mar 1995
Review
Topics: Heart Ventricles; Humans; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular; Prognosis; Ultrasonography; Ventricular Function, Left
PubMed: 7884092
DOI: 10.1016/0735-1097(94)00547-4 -
Current Opinion in Cardiology Sep 1998Numerous hypotheses have been considered to explain the fundamental mechanism(s) for the development of systolic dysfunction and heart failure in animals and humans with... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Review
Numerous hypotheses have been considered to explain the fundamental mechanism(s) for the development of systolic dysfunction and heart failure in animals and humans with arterial hypertension. Besides contractile disturbances of cardiomyocytes and interstitial and perivascular fibrosis, cardiomyocyte loss is now being considered as one of the determinants of the maladaptive processes implicated in the transition from compensated to decompensated left ventricular hypertrophy. A number of experimental evidence suggest that exaggerated apoptosis may account for the loss of cardiomyocytes in the hypertensive left ventricle. Furthermore, some factors intrinsic and extrinsic to the cardiomyocyte emerge as potential candidates to trigger apoptosis. The elucidation of the possible interactions between these factors may be of major interest to prevent the progression to heart failure in patients with hypertensive heart disease.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Heart Failure; Heart Ventricles; Humans; Hypertension; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular; Myocardium; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR
PubMed: 9823788
DOI: 10.1097/00001573-199809000-00005 -
Nutrients Jul 2022Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a molecule which belongs to the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily. OPG concentration is elevated in patients with left ventricle...
Serum Osteoprotegerin Is an Independent Marker of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy, Systolic and Diastolic Dysfunction of the Left Ventricle and the Presence of Pericardial Fluid in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients.
BACKGROUND
Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a molecule which belongs to the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily. OPG concentration is elevated in patients with left ventricle hypertrophy, heart failure and acute myocardial infarction. OPG concentrations rise in chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim of this study was to investigate the association between OPG concentrations and cardiovascular complications, such as left ventricle hypertrophy, systolic and diastolic dysfunction of left ventricle and dysfunction of right ventricle in chronic kidney disease patients not treated with dialysis. The relation between OPG and the amount of pericardial fluid was also examined.
METHODS
One hundred and one men with CKD stage 3-5 not treated with dialysis were included in the study. Overhydration, body fat mass and lean body mass were measured using bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS). Echocardiography was performed to evaluate the amount of pericardial fluid and to measure the thickness of the interventricular septum (IVS), systolic and diastolic function of left ventricle, as well as systolic function of right ventricle.
RESULTS
We observed a significant positive association between OPG and the thickness of the interventricular septum, the size of the left atrium (LA) and the presence of pericardial fluid. A negative relationship was observed between OPG and ejection fraction (EF).
CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest that OPG can be an independent marker of left ventricular hypertrophy, systolic and diastolic dysfunction of left ventricle and the presence of pericardial fluid in chronic kidney disease patients.
Topics: Heart Failure; Heart Ventricles; Humans; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular; Male; Osteoprotegerin; Pericardial Fluid; Renal Dialysis; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left
PubMed: 35889849
DOI: 10.3390/nu14142893 -
Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) Jul 2018This longitudinal study aims to characterize longitudinal blood pressure (BP) trajectories from childhood and examine the impact of level-independent childhood BP... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
This longitudinal study aims to characterize longitudinal blood pressure (BP) trajectories from childhood and examine the impact of level-independent childhood BP trajectories on adult left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and remodeling patterns. The longitudinal cohort consisted of 1154 adults (787 whites and 367 blacks) who had repeated measurements of BP 4 to 15 times from childhood (4-19 years) to adulthood (20-51 years) and assessment of echocardiographic LV dimensions in adulthood. Model-estimated levels and linear slopes of BP at childhood age points were calculated in 1-year intervals using the growth curve parameters and their first derivatives, respectively. Linear and nonlinear curve parameters of BP showed significant race and sex differences from age 15 years onwards. Adults with LVH had higher long-term BP levels than adults with normal LVM in race-sex groups. Linear and nonlinear slope parameters of BP differed consistently and significantly between LVH and normal groups. Associations of level-independent linear slopes of systolic BP with adult LVH were significantly inverse (odds ratio=0.75-0.82; =0.001-0.015) in preadolescent children of 4 to 9 years but significantly positive (odds ratio=1.29-1.46; =0.001-0.008) in adolescents of 13 to 19 years, adjusting for covariates. These associations were consistent across race-sex groups. Of note, the association of childhood BP linear slopes with concentric LVH was significantly stronger than that with eccentric LVH during the adolescence period of 12 to 19 years. These observations indicate that the impact of BP trajectories on adult LVH and geometric patterns originates in childhood. Adolescence is a crucial period for the development of LVH in later life, which has implications for early prevention.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Blood Pressure; Blood Pressure Determination; Child; Child, Preschool; Cross-Sectional Studies; Disease Progression; Echocardiography; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Heart Ventricles; Humans; Hypertension; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular; Incidence; Male; Middle Aged; New Orleans; Odds Ratio; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Time Factors; Ventricular Remodeling; Young Adult
PubMed: 29785961
DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.118.10975 -
Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.) 2014Left ventricular mass (LVM) and hypertrophy (LVH) are important parameters, but their use is surrounded by controversies. We compare LVM by echocardiography and cardiac... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
Left ventricular mass (LVM) and hypertrophy (LVH) are important parameters, but their use is surrounded by controversies. We compare LVM by echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), investigating reproducibility aspects and the effect of echocardiography image quality. We also compare indexing methods within and between imaging modalities for classification of LVH and cardiovascular risk.
METHODS
Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis enrolled 880 participants in Baltimore city, 146 had echocardiograms and CMR on the same day. LVM was then assessed using standard techniques. Echocardiography image quality was rated (good/limited) according to the parasternal view. LVH was defined after indexing LVM to body surface area, height(1.7) , height(2.7) , or by the predicted LVM from a reference group. Participants were classified for cardiovascular risk according to Framingham score. Pearson's correlation, Bland-Altman plots, percent agreement, and kappa coefficient assessed agreement within and between modalities.
RESULTS
Left ventricular mass by echocardiography (140 ± 40 g) and by CMR were correlated (r = 0.8, P < 0.001) regardless of the echocardiography image quality. The reproducibility profile had strong correlations and agreement for both modalities. Image quality groups had similar characteristics; those with good images compared to CMR slightly superiorly. The prevalence of LVH tended to be higher with higher cardiovascular risk. The agreement for LVH between imaging modalities ranged from 77% to 98% and the kappa coefficient from 0.10 to 0.76.
CONCLUSIONS
Echocardiography has a reliable performance for LVM assessment and classification of LVH, with limited influence of image quality. Echocardiography and CMR differ in the assessment of LVH, and additional differences rise from the indexing methods.
Topics: Aged; Baltimore; Echocardiography; Heart Ventricles; Humans; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular; Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine; Organ Size; Prevalence; Reproducibility of Results; Risk Factors; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 23930739
DOI: 10.1111/echo.12303 -
The Journal of Thoracic and... May 2022
Topics: Heart Ventricles; Humans; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular; Ventricular Function, Left; Ventricular Remodeling
PubMed: 32981706
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2020.09.002 -
Hypertension Research : Official... Mar 1999Left ventricular (LV) size in childhood closely parallels body size, whereas in adulthood LV mass is increasingly affected by effects of obesity, hypertension, the level... (Review)
Review
Left ventricular (LV) size in childhood closely parallels body size, whereas in adulthood LV mass is increasingly affected by effects of obesity, hypertension, the level of cardiac volume load, and the level of LV myocardial contractility. Recently, additional independent associations of diabetes, arterial structure and function and as yet unknown genes with higher LV mass have been defined; angiotensin II and insulin have also been suggested to be additive stimuli to LV hypertrophy. Consideration of the level of LV mass and of the LV wall thickness/chamber radius ratio (relative wall thickness) has identified four different geometric patterns of LV adaptation to hypertension, including concentric LV hypertrophy (increased mass and wall thickness), eccentric hypertrophy (increased mass, normal relative wall thickness), concentric remodeling (increased relative wall thickness with normal mass) and normal LV geometry. Concentric hypertrophy is associated with especially high arterial pressure while eccentric hypertrophy is associated with obesity and elevated volume load. Numerous studies show that increased LV mass predicts cardiovascular events and death independently of all conventional risk factors; initial studies have also identified adverse implications of low LV midwall function and high relative wall thickness. Pioneer studies strongly suggest that reversal of LV hypertrophy is associated with an improved prognosis.
Topics: Blood Pressure; Echocardiography; Electrocardiography; Heart Ventricles; Humans; Hypertension; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular; Myocardial Contraction; Prognosis; Risk Factors; Ventricular Function, Left
PubMed: 10221344
DOI: 10.1291/hypres.22.1 -
Current Hypertension Reports May 2014Hypertension is a powerful risk factor for cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, including heart failure with both preserved and reduced ejection fraction.... (Review)
Review
Hypertension is a powerful risk factor for cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, including heart failure with both preserved and reduced ejection fraction. Hypertensive heart disease (HHD) defines the complex and diverse perturbations of cardiac structure and function occurring secondary to hypertension. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is one of the most recognized features of HHD and is an established risk factor for adverse cardiovascular (CV) outcomes in hypertension. Beyond LVH, LV geometry provides additional information regarding the cardiac response to hypertension. Imaging studies from larger cohorts of hypertensive patients reveal wide variability in the prevalence of LVH and LV geometric patterns, with the prevalence of concentric LVH similar to that of eccentric LVH. Hypertension is also associated with concomitant impairments in LV diastolic and systolic function. It remains uncertain why patients develop different patterns of LVH, although demographics and clinical comorbidities appear to influence that response.
Topics: Animals; Echocardiography; Heart Failure; Heart Ventricles; Humans; Hypertension; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular; Ventricular Remodeling
PubMed: 24639061
DOI: 10.1007/s11906-014-0428-x -
JACC. Cardiovascular Imaging Nov 2015
Topics: Heart Ventricles; Humans; Hypertension; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular; Ventricular Function, Left; Ventricular Remodeling
PubMed: 26563856
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2015.08.012