Enzyme
cholera toxin
chol·er·a tox·in [ kol-er-uh tok-sin ]
Definitions related to cholera toxin:
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An ENTEROTOXIN from VIBRIO CHOLERAE. It consists of two major protomers, the heavy (H) or A subunit and the B protomer which consists of 5 light (L) or B subunits. The catalytic A subunit is proteolytically cleaved into fragments A1 and A2. The A1 fragment is a MONO(ADP-RIBOSE) TRANSFERASE. The B protomer binds cholera toxin to intestinal epithelial cells and facilitates the uptake of the A1 fragment. The A1 catalyzed transfer of ADP-RIBOSE to the alpha subunits of heterotrimeric G PROTEINS activates the production of CYCLIC AMP. Increased levels of cyclic AMP are thought to modulate release of fluid and electrolytes from intestinal crypt cells.NLM Medical Subject HeadingsU.S. National Library of Medicine, 2021
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Enterotoxin from Vibrio cholerae that consists of two major protomers, the heavy (h) or a subunit and the b protomer which consists of 5 light (l) or b subunits.CRISP ThesaurusNational Institutes of Health, 2006
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Secreted by Vibrio cholerae, Cholera Toxin is a natural bacterial enterotoxin consisting of major components heavy A- and light B peptides (choleragenoid) that initiates a signaling cascade in intestinal epithelial cells causing a dysfunction of chloride channels, loss of water, and diarrhea. B peptide anchors the protein to epithelia; A peptide enters the cytoplasm and activates adenylate cyclase. Due to its cytotoxicity, cholera toxin is being studied for tumor cell targeting and cancer chemotherapy. (NCI04)NCI ThesaurusU.S. National Cancer Institute, 2021
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