Disease or Syndrome
Tangier disease
[ tan-jeer dih-zeez ]
Subclass of:
Hypoalphalipoproteinemias;
Polyneuropathy
Definitions related to tangier disease:
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A rare, autosomal recessive inherited disorder of cholesterol transport, resulting in severe reduction of the amount of high density lipoprotein in the plasma and accumulation of cholesterol esters in the tissues. Signs and symptoms include large tonsils, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, and hypocholesterolemia.NCI ThesaurusU.S. National Cancer Institute, 2021
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An autosomal recessively inherited disorder caused by mutation of ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS involved in cellular cholesterol removal (reverse-cholesterol transport). It is characterized by near absence of ALPHA-LIPOPROTEINS (high-density lipoproteins) in blood. The massive tissue deposition of cholesterol esters results in HEPATOMEGALY; SPLENOMEGALY; RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; large orange tonsils; and often sensory POLYNEUROPATHY. The disorder was first found among inhabitants of Tangier Island in the Chesapeake Bay, MD.NLM Medical Subject HeadingsU.S. National Library of Medicine, 2021
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Autosomal recessive disorder of lipoprotein and lipid metabolism characterized by absence in plasma of normal high-density lipoprotein, deficiency of apolipoproteins AI and AII, low to normal low-density lipoproteins, high triglycerides and accumulation in body tissues of cholesteryl esters.CRISP ThesaurusNational Institutes of Health, 2006
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Tangier disease is characterized by severe deficiency or absence of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in the circulation resulting in tissue accumulation of cholesteryl esters throughout the body, particularly in the reticuloendothelial system. The major clinical signs of Tangier disease include hyperplastic yellow-orange tonsils, hepatosplenomegaly, and peripheral neuropathy, which may be either relapsing-remitting or chronic progressive in nature. Rarer complications may include corneal opacities that typically do not affect vision, premature atherosclerotic coronary artery disease occurring in the sixth and seventh decades of life (not usually before age 40 years), and mild hematologic manifestations, such as mild thrombocytopenia, reticulocytosis, stomatocytosis, or hemolytic anemia. The clinical expression of Tangier disease is variable, with some affected individuals only showing biochemical perturbations.GeneReviewsUniversity of Washington, 2021
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Tangier disease is an inherited disorder characterized by significantly reduced levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) - the 'good cholesterol' - in the blood. Because people with Tangier disease have very low levels of HDL, they have a moderately increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Tangier disease is caused by mutations in the...National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
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