Disease or Syndrome
biotinidase deficiency
Subclass of:
Multiple Carboxylase Deficiency
Definitions related to biotinidase deficiency:
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A genetic disorder caused by mutations in the BTD gene. It is characterized by reduced or absent activity of the enzyme biotinidase which is responsible for the recycling of the vitamin biotin. Signs and symptoms appear in childhood and include seizures, hypotonia and developmental delays. If left untreated, it leads to vision and hearing loss, infections, alopecia and ataxia.NCI ThesaurusU.S. National Cancer Institute, 2021
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If untreated, young children with profound biotinidase deficiency usually exhibit neurologic abnormalities including seizures, hypotonia, ataxia, developmental delay, vision problems, hearing loss, and cutaneous abnormalities (e.g., alopecia, skin rash, candidiasis). Older children and adolescents with profound biotinidase deficiency often exhibit motor limb weakness, spastic paresis, and decreased visual acuity. Once vision problems, hearing loss, and developmental delay occur, they are usually irreversible, even with biotin therapy. Individuals with partial biotinidase deficiency may have hypotonia, skin rash, and hair loss, particularly during times of stress.GeneReviewsUniversity of Washington, 2021
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The late onset form of MULTIPLE CARBOXYLASE DEFICIENCY (deficiency of the activities of biotin-dependent enzymes propionyl-CoA carboxylase, methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase, and PYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE) due to a defect or deficiency in biotinidase which is essential for recycling BIOTIN.NLM Medical Subject HeadingsU.S. National Library of Medicine, 2021
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Biotinidase (BTD), a ubiquitous mammalian cell enzyme, is present in high levels in the serum, liver, and kidneys. Its primary enzymatic function is to cleave the vitamin biotin (also known as coenzyme R, vitamin H, or vitamin B7) from the organic compound biocytin.WebMD, 2019
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Biotinidase deficiency is an inherited disorder in which the body is unable to recycle the vitamin biotin. The disorder may become apparent in the first few months of life, or later in childhood. The more severe form of the disorder is called 'profound biotinidase deficiency' and may cause delayed development, seizures, weak muscle tone...National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
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