Pharmacologic Substance
chloral hydrate

chlo·ral hy·drate
Effect:
Decreased Organized Electrical Activity
May Treat:
Psychomotor Agitation
More Information:
Definitions related to chloral hydrate:
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A hypnotic and sedative used in the treatment of INSOMNIA.NLM Medical Subject HeadingsU.S. National Library of Medicine, 2021
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A synthetic monohydrate of chloral with sedative, hypnotic, and anticonvulsive properties. Chloral hydrate is converted to the active compound trichloroethanol by hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase. The agent interacts with various neurotransmitter-operated ion channels, thereby enhancing gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-A receptor mediated chloride currents and inhibiting amino acid receptor-activated ion currents. In addition, chloral hydrate enhances the agonistic effects of glycine receptors, inhibits AMPA-induced calcium influx in cortical neurons, and facilitates 5-HT 3 receptor-mediated currents in ganglionic neurons. Overall, this results in a depressive effect on the central nervous system.NCI ThesaurusU.S. National Cancer Institute, 2021
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Hypnotic and sedative used in the treatment of insomnia; the safety margin is too narrow for chloral hydrate to be used as a general anesthetic in humans, but it is commonly used for that purpose in animal experiments; chemical formula CCL3CH(OH)2.CRISP ThesaurusNational Institutes of Health, 2006
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Chloral hydrate, the first synthetically produced sedative-hypnotic drug, commonly used in the late 19th century to treat insomnia and still occasionally used to reduce anxiety or produce sleep before surgery. Chloral hydrate acts as a depressant on the central nervous system, with sedative effects...Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc., 2020
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