(conditioning) Generally refers to relative simple learning situations in which a stimulus initially incapable of evoking a certain response acquires the ability to do so by repeated pairing with another stimulus that does elicit the response.

(conditioning) Process by which an organism can be made to respond to a previously neutral (conditioned) stimulus as it would to another (unconditioned) stimulus by pairing the two sitimuli; e.g., pairing a bell with food eventually will make a dog salivate when bell is heard.

(conditioned response) A type of learning in which repeated exposure to something may affect a person's behavior when they encounter an unrelated object, sound, or smell that occurred at the same time as the initial exposure. For example, a patient who always feels sick after receiving chemotherapy in a clinic that smells a certain way may be conditioned to feel sick when smelling the same odor in a different place.

(conditioning, psychological) Simple form of learning involving the formation, strengthening, or weakening of an association between a stimulus and a response.

Conditioning, in physiology, a behavioral process whereby a response becomes more frequent or more predictable in a given environment as a result of reinforcement, with reinforcement typically being a stimulus or reward for a desired response. Early in the 20th century, through the study of...