• (talipes) A congenital malformation involving one or both feet, in which the affected foot is rotated inward and downward.
  NICHD Pediatric Terminology
  U.S. National Cancer Institute, 2021
• (clubfoot) A deformed foot in which the foot is plantarflexed, inverted, and adducted.
  NLM Medical Subject Headings
  U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2021
• (clubfoot) The most common congenital deformation of the foot, occurring in 1 of 1,000 live births. The most common form is talipes equinovarus, where the deformed foot is turned downward and inward sharply.
  NCI Thesaurus
  U.S. National Cancer Institute, 2021
• (talipes equinovarus) Talipes equinovarus (also called clubfoot) typically has four main components: inversion and adduction of the forefoot; inversion of the heel and hindfoot; equinus (limitation of extension) of the ankle and subtalar joint; and internal rotation of the leg.
  Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO)
  The Human Phenotype Ontology Project, 2021
• Clubfoot can be classified as (1) postural or positional or (2) fixed or rigid. Postural or positional clubfeet are not true clubfeet.
  Medscape
  WebMD, 2019
• Clubfoot describes a range of foot abnormalities usually present at birth (congenital) in which your baby's foot is twisted out of shape or position. In clubfoot, the tissues connecting the muscles to the bone (tendons) are shorter than usual. Clubfoot is a fairly common birth defect and is usually an isolated problem for an otherwise...
  Mayo Clinic
  Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research
• Talipes equinovarus is a congenital (present from birth) condition where the foot turns inward and downward. The cause of this condition is not known, although it may be passed down through families in some cases. This condition occurs in about 1 out of every 1,000 births. Treatment may involve moving the foot into the correct position...
  NIH Genetic and Rare Diseases
  National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
• Clubfoot, congenital twisting of the foot. In the most common type, called talipes equinovarus, the heel bends upward and the front part of the foot is turned inward and bent toward the heel. The frequency of the disorder is equal in males and females. A mild form, possibly caused by poor p...
  Encyclopedia Britannica
  Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc., 2020