Pharmacologic Substance
isosorbide
Brand Names:
Monoket
Effect:
Arterial Vasodilation; Increased Nitric Oxide Activity; Venous Vasodilation
May Prevent:
Angina Pectoris
May Treat:
Angina Pectoris; Coronary Disease; Cyanosis; Esophageal Spasm, Diffuse; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Heart Failure; Poisoning
More Information:
ChemID; DrugBank; DailyMed; DrugInfo; PDR
Definitions related to isosorbide:
  • 1,4:3,6-Dianhydro D-glucitol. Chemically inert osmotic diuretic used mainly to treat hydrocephalus; also used in glaucoma.
    NLM Medical Subject Headings
    U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2021
  • An organic nitrate with vasodilator activity. Isosorbide relaxes vascular smooth muscle by formation of the free radical nitric oxide (NO), which is identical to the endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF). NO activates guanylyl cyclase, thereby increasing the synthesis of cGMP within smooth muscle. Elevated cGMP levels in smooth muscle activate cGMP-dependent kinase activity that leads to release of sequestered Ca2+. In turn, free Ca+ triggers dephosphorylation of light chain myosin and relaxation of peripheral arteries and veins. In addition isosorbide relaxes coronary arteries, thereby increasing the blood circulation through the ischemic area.
    NCI Thesaurus
    U.S. National Cancer Institute, 2021
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This content should not be used in place of medically-reviewed decision support reference material or professional medical advice. Some terms may have alternate or updated definitions not reflected in this set. The definitions on this page should not be considered complete or up to date.