Disease or Syndrome
shingles
shin·gles [ shing-guh lz ]
Subclass of:
Varicella Zoster Virus Infection
Etymology:
Latin cingulum = a girdle
Also called:
Acute Posterior Ganglionitis; Shingles; Postherpetic neuralgia
Definitions related to herpes zoster disease:
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(zoster) Varicella zoster virus infection that is caused by the reactivation of virus, which can be latent within dorsal root ganglia; zoster is characterized by vesicular lesions clustered unilaterally in a dermatomal distribution of one or more adjacent sensory nerves. Neuralgic pain can occur and can be severe.NICHD Pediatric TerminologyU.S. National Cancer Institute, 2021
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(shingles) Acute infectious, usually self-limited, disease believed to represent activation of latent varicella zoster virus in those who have been rendered partially immune after a previous attack of chickenpox; it involves the sensory ganglia and their areas of innervation and is characterized by severe neuralgic pain along the distribution of the affected nerve and crops of clustered vesicles over the area.CRISP ThesaurusNational Institutes of Health, 2006
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(shingles) Shingles (herpes zoster) is an infection that causes a painful rash. It is caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). This is the same virus that causes chickenpox. After you have chickenpox, the virus stays in your body. It may not cause problems for many years. But as you get older, the virus may become active again and cause shingles. Shingles is not contagious. You cannot get shingles from someone else. But you can catch chickenpox from someone with shingles if you have direct contact with fluid from their shingles rash. The risk of spreading the virus is low if the shingles rash is kept covered. People with shingles cannot spread the virus before their rash blisters appear or after the rash crusts. Anyone who has had chickenpox can get shingles. But the risk of shingles goes up as you get older. Shingles is most common in people over age 50. People with weakened immune systems are at higher risk of getting shingles. This includes those who: Have immune system diseases such as HIV; Have certain cancers; Take medicines that weaken their immune system, such as steroids and medicines you take after organ transplant. Your immune system may be weaker when you have an infection or are stressed. This can raise your risk of shingles. It is rare, but possible, to get shingles more than once. Early signs of shingles include burning or shooting pain and tingling or itching. It is usually on one side of the body or face. The pain can be mild to severe. Up to several days later, you will get a rash. It consists of blisters that typically scab over in 7 to 10 days. The rash is usually a single stripe around either the left or the right side of the body. In other cases, the rash is only on one side of the face. In rare cases (usually among people with weakened immune systems), the rash may be more widespread. It might look similar to a chickenpox rash. Some people may also have other symptoms: Fever; Headache; Chills; Upset stomach. Shingles can cause other problems (complications): Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is most common complication of shingles. It causes severe pain in the areas where you had the shingles rash. It usually gets better in a few weeks or months. But some people can have pain from PHN for many years, and it can interfere with daily life.; Vision loss can happen if shingles affects your eye. It may be temporary or permanent.; Hearing or balance problems are possible if you have shingles within or near your ear. You may also have weakness of the muscles on that side of your face. These problems can be temporary or permanent. Very rarely, shingles can also lead to pneumonia, brain inflammation (encephalitis), or death. Usually your health care provider can diagnose shingles by taking your medical history and looking at your rash. In some cases, your provider may scrap off tissue from the rash or swab some fluid from the blisters and send the sample to a lab for testing. There is no cure for shingles. Antiviral medicines may help to make the attack shorter and less severe. They may also help prevent PHN. The medicines are most effective if you can take them within 3 days after the rash appears. So if you think you might have shingles, contact your provider as soon as possible. Pain relievers may also help with the pain. A cool washcloth, calamine lotion, and oatmeal baths may help relieve some of the itching. There is a vaccine, called Shingrix, to help prevent shingles and its complications. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends that healthy adults 50 years and older get the vaccine. Your provider might also recommend the vaccine if you are over 19 and have a weakened immune system. The vaccine is given in two doses. If you have shingles, you can help prevent spreading the virus to others by:...MedlinePlusU.S. National Library of Medicine, 2025
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(herpes zoster) A common dermal and neurologic disorder caused by reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus that has remained dormant within dorsal root ganglia, often for decades, after the patient's initial exposure to the virus in the form of varicella (chickenpox). It is characterized by severe neuralgic pain along the distribution of the affected nerve and crops of clustered vesicles over the area.NCIU.S. National Cancer Institute, 2021
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(herpes zoster) A painful blistering skin rash caused by the chicken pox virus; also known as shingles.Harvard Dictionary of Health TermsHarvard Medical Publishing, 2011
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(herpes zoster) An acute infectious, usually self-limited, disease believed to represent activation of latent varicella-zoster virus (HERPESVIRUS 3, HUMAN) in those who have been rendered partially immune after a previous attack of CHICKENPOX. It involves the SENSORY GANGLIA and their areas of innervation and is characterized by severe neuralgic pain along the distribution of the affected nerve and crops of clustered vesicles over the area. (From Dorland, 27th ed)NLM Medical Subject HeadingsU.S. National Library of Medicine, 2025
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(shingles) A disorder characterized by the reactivation of herpes zoster virus.Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse EventsU.S. National Institutes of Health, 2021
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Herpes zoster is infection that results when varicella-zoster virus reactivates from its latent state in a posterior dorsal root ganglion. Symptoms usually begin with pain along the affected dermatome, followed within 2 to 3 days by a vesicular eruption that is usually diagnostic. Treatment is with antiviral drugs, ideally given within...Merck & Co., Inc., 2025
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Reactivation of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) that has remained dormant within dorsal root ganglia, often for decades after the patient�s initial exposure to the virus in the form of varicella (chickenpox), results in herpes zoster (shingles). Although it is usually a self-limited dermatomal rash with pain, herpes zoster can be far more...WebMD, 2025
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Shingles is a viral infection that causes a painful rash. Although shingles can occur anywhere on your body, it most often appears as a single stripe of blisters that wraps around either the left or the right side of your torso.Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 2025
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Herpes zoster (HZ), caused by reactivation of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) that was acquired during a primary varicella infection, is characterized by dermatomal pain and papular rash. The pain typically precedes the rash by several days and can persist for several months after the rash resolves. The rash usually presents in a single...Athenahealth, Inc., 2019
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Herpes zoster, acute viral infection affecting the skin and nerves, characterized by groups of small blisters appearing along certain nerve segments. The lesions are most often seen on the back and may be preceded by a dull ache in the affected site. Herpes zoster is caused by the same virus as...Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc., 2025
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