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Oral Diseases May 2015The increasing incidence of head and neck cancer (HNSCC) highlights the need to better understand the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the development of these... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The increasing incidence of head and neck cancer (HNSCC) highlights the need to better understand the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the development of these cancers. The aims of this study were to conduct a systematic review and a meta-analysis concerning observational studies on the association between HPV infection and HNSCC and to quantify this association, thereby obtaining a reliable estimation of the risk of HPV infection in the development of head and neck cancer. Literature searches were performed using PubMed and Scopus databases. StatsDirect 2.7.8 program was used for the analysis. We found 15 case-control studies, 63 prevalence studies, and no cohort studies. The pooled odds ratio (OR) for all the included case-control studies resulted in a value of 1.63 (95% CI 1.27-2.09; P < 0.0001). The highest pooled OR resulted from the analysis of all the studies that examined HPV 16 genotype in association oral cavity (OR 5.36; 95% CI 1.4-20). The strong evidence of association between HPV infection and HNSCC highlights the importance of the introduction of specific tests in the cancer prevention practices to evaluate the presence of the virus, especially in the oral cavity, and the possibility of an extension of the vaccine anti-HPV in the male population too.
Topics: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Case-Control Studies; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Observational Studies as Topic; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
PubMed: 24962169
DOI: 10.1111/odi.12269 -
Molecular Oral Microbiology Aug 2023Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (OSCC) is the most common head-and-neck malignancy. Importantly, we are experiencing an alarming rise in the incidence of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (OSCC) is the most common head-and-neck malignancy. Importantly, we are experiencing an alarming rise in the incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) globally. Oncogenic viruses, human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), are known to be co-associated with OSCC and OPSCC cases. However, the reported incidence of HPV and EBV co-infection in OSCCs and OPSCCs globally is unknown. To address this, we performed a formal meta-analysis and systematic review on published studies that report the detection of both EBV and HPV in OSCCs and OPSCCs. Our analysis revealed 18 relevant studies out of a total of 1820 cases (1181 from the oral cavity and 639 from the oropharynx). Overall, HPV and EBV co-infection was found in 11.9% of OSCC and OPSCC cases combined (95% CI: 8%-14.1%). Based on anatomical subsite, dual positivity estimates were 10.5% (95% CI: 6.7%-15.1%) for OSCC and 14.2% (95% CI: 9.1%-21.3%) for OPSCC. The highest dual positivity rates described were in European countries: for OSCC 34.7% (95% CI: 25.9%-44.6%) in Sweden and for OPSCC, 23.4% (95% CI: 16.9%-31.5%) in Poland. Given these substantive prevalence rates, the value of detecting dual infection in the diagnosis and prognosis of these cancers deserves careful longitudinal studies, as do implications for cancer prevention and therapy. We further proposed molecular mechanisms that could explain how HPV and EBV could co-contribute to the aetiology of OSCCs and OPSCCs.
Topics: Humans; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections; Herpesvirus 4, Human; Human Papillomavirus Viruses; Papillomavirus Infections; Coinfection; Head and Neck Neoplasms
PubMed: 37014754
DOI: 10.1111/omi.12412 -
International Journal of Public Health 2023To study the prevalence and the association of HPV infection in retinoblastoma and to determine the most common genotype presented in RB. Following the PRIMSA... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
To study the prevalence and the association of HPV infection in retinoblastoma and to determine the most common genotype presented in RB. Following the PRIMSA guideline, 14 studies reporting HPV infection in RB acquired from six databases were included. The prevalence of HPV from 941 RB samples was 15.6% [95% confidence interval (CI): 7.3-30]. Mexico followed by India and Brazil had the highest HPV prevalence in RB samples, 61.7% (95% CI: 17-93), 22.5% (95% CI: 9-47), and 12.1% (95% CI: 2-52), in order. HPV 16 was the most common genotype presented in RB samples 23% (95% CI: 9-47), followed by HPV 18 10% (95% CI: 3-30) and the combined HPV 16-18 6% (95% CI: 0-50). We did not find a significant association between HPV and RB [odds ratio (OR): 12.2; 95% CI: 0.65-232; = 0.09]. However, after removing the largest-weighted study, a significant association between HPV and RB was observed (OR: 45.9; 95% CI; 8.6-245; < 0.001). HPV prevalence in RB samples was 15% and HPV 16 was the most presented genotype in RB samples. There may be an association between HPV and RB that is needed to be confirmed by high quality future studies. Preventive and treatment measures against HPV infection are essential for the prevention of any possible consequences, in particular, RB.
Topics: Humans; Retinoblastoma; Papillomavirus Infections; Human Papillomavirus Viruses; Cross-Sectional Studies; Human papillomavirus 16; Prevalence; Retinal Neoplasms
PubMed: 37497122
DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2023.1605284 -
Cancer Epidemiology Dec 2015Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are associated with head and neck cancers (H&NC). Transmission of HPV to the upper aerodigestive tract occurs plausibly through sexual... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are associated with head and neck cancers (H&NC). Transmission of HPV to the upper aerodigestive tract occurs plausibly through sexual contact, although epidemiologic evidence on the role of sexual behaviours in H&NC aetiology is inconsistent. We conducted a meta-analysis of studies examining the association between four indicators of sexual behaviours (number of sexual partners and oral sex partners, oral sex practice, and age at first intercourse) and H&NC. Summary odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using fixed and random effects models for each indicator, contrasting 'highest' to 'lowest', 'ever' to 'never', or 'youngest' to 'oldest' categories. Twenty case-control studies were included out of 3838 identified publications. Using random effects models, summary ORs suggested an increased risk of H&NC for number of sexual partners [OR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.02-1.63] (19 studies) and number of oral sex partners [OR=1.69, 95% CI: 1.00-2.84] (5 studies), whereas no effect was observed with oral sex practice [OR=1.09, 95% CI: 0.88-1.35] (17 studies) and age at first intercourse [OR=1.40, 95% CI: 0.71-2.79] (6 studies). For number of sexual partners and oral sex practice, which were assessed in more studies, we further excluded studies contributing to heterogeneity and those not adjusted for age, sex, smoking, and alcohol consumption. The summary ORs were 0.95 (95% CI: 0.75-1.20) for number of sexual partners and 1.03 (95% CI: 0.84-1.26) for oral sex practice. Our findings highlight that observed associations might be partly attributed to confounding effects of sociodemographic and behavioural factors.
Topics: Female; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Male; Odds Ratio; Papillomaviridae; Risk; Sexual Behavior; Sexual Partners
PubMed: 26372414
DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2015.08.010 -
Gynecologic Oncology Feb 2018There remains uncertainty about the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in causing small-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SCNC) and large-cell neuroendocrine... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
There remains uncertainty about the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in causing small-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SCNC) and large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNC) of the cervix. To clarify the role of HPV in the development of SCNC and LCNC, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analyses.
METHODS
PubMed and Embase were searched to initially identify 143 articles published on or before June 1, 2017. Studies were limited to methods that tested for HPV in the cancer tissue directly to minimize misattribution. Thirty-two studies with 403 SCNC and 9 studies of 45 LCNC were included in the analysis.
RESULTS
For SCNC, 85% (95% confidence interval [95%CI]=71%-94%) were HPV positive, 78% (95%CI=64%-90%) were HPV16 and/or HPV18 positive, 51% (95%CI=39%-64%) were singly HPV18 positive, and 10% (95%CI=4%-19%) were singly HPV16 positive. In a subset of 5 SCNC studies (75 cases), 93% were positive for p16 by immunohistochemistry and 100% were HPV positive. For LCNC, 88% (95%CI=72%-99%) were HPV positive, 86% (95%CI=70%-98%) were positive for HPV16 or HPV18, 30% were singly HPV18 positive (95%CI=4%-60%), and 29% (95%CI=2%-64%) were singly HPV16 positive.
CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, most SCNC and LCNC are caused by HPV, primarily HPV18 and HPV16. Therefore, most if not all SCNC and LCNC will be prevented by currently available prophylactic HPV vaccines.
Topics: Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine; Female; Humans; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
PubMed: 29248196
DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.12.001 -
The Aging Male : the Official Journal... Jun 2020There is growing evidence showing a putative association between high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection and an increased risk of PCa. The aim of the current... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
There is growing evidence showing a putative association between high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection and an increased risk of PCa. The aim of the current meta-analysis was to evaluate the association between HPV infection and PCa risk. This analysis was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines. We included all studies on HPV DNA or antibodies detected in biopsy tissues or sera. Available data were extracted from the article, including means and standard deviations in all case-control groups. Thirty studies that investigated the link between HPV-16 and -18 were identified as eligible for this systematic review and meta-analysis, including a total of 6321 participants. The pooled OR showed increased risk of PCa (OR =1.37; < .01) in men positive for HPV-16. There were seven studies with 2391 PCa cases and 4059 controls investigating the association between HPV-18 infection and PCa risk. Significant heterogeneity between study was found in the pooled analyzes. The pooled OR did not show increased risk of PCa (OR =0.80; = .49) in men positive for HPV-18. This meta-analysis suggests that HPV-16 infection could represent a risk factor for PCa, whereas we found no such association for HPV-18. Further well-conducted studies could be useful to confirm this conclusion.
Topics: Humans; Male; Papillomavirus Infections; Prostatic Neoplasms; Risk Factors
PubMed: 29571270
DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2018.1455178 -
JCO Global Oncology Mar 2024Head and neck cancer accounts for about one third of the global burden in India. Mucosal high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) has been hypothesized as a contributory... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
PURPOSE
Head and neck cancer accounts for about one third of the global burden in India. Mucosal high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) has been hypothesized as a contributory risk factor for head and neck cancer (HNC) but its prevalence in Indian patients is not well established. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence of HPV in HNC in India and their attributable fraction by considering the biomarkers of carcinogenesis, p16, and HPV mRNA.
METHODS
A systematic literature search was done in Medline via PubMed, Embase, Scopus, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, and Cochrane to identify studies on HPV and HNC in the Indian population, published between January 1990 and October 2022. Fifty-four eligible studies were identified and relevant clinical information was collected. Meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence of HPV DNA, p16INK4a, and mRNA percent positivity by random-effect logistic regression model using Metapreg, STATA 18.
RESULTS
Thirty-four high-quality studies were taken for meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of HPV in HNC was 20% (95% CI, 12 to 32) with a high level of heterogeneity ( = 90.79%). The proportion of HPV in oropharyngeal cancer (OPC; 22% [95% CI, 13 to 34]) and laryngeal cancer (LC; 29% [95% CI, 17 to 46]) was higher than in oral cancer (OC; 16% [95% CI, 8 to 30]). The HPV-attributable fraction of OPC, considering the mRNA and p16 positivity, was 12.54% and 9.68%, respectively, almost similar to LC (11.6% and 9.57%), while it was much lower in OC (3.36% and 4%).
CONCLUSION
The HPV-attributable fraction is considerably lower for OC, suggesting a negligible causative role of HPV in OC. A significant proportion of OPC and LC are attributed to HPV; however, their exact causative role is unclear because of the presence of other known risk factors.
Topics: Humans; Human Papillomavirus Viruses; Papillomavirus Infections; DNA, Viral; Head and Neck Neoplasms; India; RNA, Messenger
PubMed: 38513185
DOI: 10.1200/GO.23.00464 -
Clinical Microbiology and Infection :... Aug 2023Previous studies have suggested a protective effect of male circumcision on human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in males, and that this protection may be conferred to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Previous studies have suggested a protective effect of male circumcision on human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in males, and that this protection may be conferred to their female sexual partners.
OBJECTIVES
To synthesize the available evidence on the association between male circumcision and HPV infections in males and females.
DATA SOURCES
We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane, LILACS, and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global for records published up to 22 June 2022.
STUDY ELIGIBILITY
We considered observational and experimental studies that assessed male circumcision status and HPV prevalence, incidence, or clearance in males or females for inclusion.
PARTICIPANTS
Males and their female sexual partners who were tested for genital HPV infection.
INTERVENTIONS
Male circumcision compared with no circumcision.
THE RISK-OF-BIAS ASSESSMENT
The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used for observational studies, and the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool was used for randomized trials.
DATA SYNTHESIS
We estimated summary measures of effect and 95% CIs for the prevalence, incidence, and clearance of HPV infections in males and females using random-effects meta-analysis. We assessed the effect modification of circumcision on HPV prevalence by the penile site in males using random-effects meta-regression.
RESULTS
Across 32 studies, male circumcision was associated with decreased odds of prevalent HPV infections (odds ratio, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.34-0.61), a reduced incidence rate of HPV infections (incidence rate ratio, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.57-0.83), and an increased risk of clearing HPV infections (risk ratio, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.28-1.61) at the glans penis among male subjects. Circumcision conferred greater protection against infection at the glans than the shaft (odds ratio, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.48-0.98). Females with circumcised partners were protected from all outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS
Male circumcision may protect against various HPV infection outcomes, suggesting its prophylactic potential. Understanding the site-specific effects of circumcision on HPV infection prevalence has important implications for studies of HPV transmission.
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Circumcision, Male; Human Papillomavirus Viruses; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections; Sexually Transmitted Diseases
PubMed: 37011808
DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2023.03.028 -
Andrologia Jun 2021Human papillomavirus (HPV) has a high incidence rate in both males and females. HPV infection in women has been shown to affect fertility and lead to foetal death and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Human papillomavirus (HPV) has a high incidence rate in both males and females. HPV infection in women has been shown to affect fertility and lead to foetal death and pregnancy loss. However, research on HPV infection in men is limited. The aim of this study was to study the effect of HPV infection in semen on sperm quality and present the findings of previous studies through a meta-analysis. Databases including PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, WanFang data and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched for relevant studies. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed, and 17 studies were included for analyses based on a set criterion. Meta-analyses indicated that HPV infection in semen significantly reduced sperm concentration (SMD = -0.12, 95% CI: -0.21 to -0.03, p = .009), sperm motility (SMD = -0.55, 95% CI: -0.780 to -0.33, p = .000), sperm viability (SMD = -0.55, 95% CI: -0.780 to -0.33, p = .000) and sperm morphology (SMD = -0.34, 95% CI: -0.61 to -0.07, p = .015). The high-risk HPV (HrHPV) infection could significantly reduce sperm count (SMD = -0.65, 95% CI: -1.11 to -0.18, p = .007) compared with high-risk HPV (LrHPV) infection. In conclusion, HPV infection in semen significantly reduced sperm quality, and the HrHPV infection could significantly reduce sperm count compared with LrHPV.
Topics: China; Female; Humans; Male; Papillomavirus Infections; Pregnancy; Sperm Count; Sperm Motility; Spermatozoa
PubMed: 33666259
DOI: 10.1111/and.14034 -
Head & Neck Oct 2020The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the overall and type-specific prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in oral epithelial... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the overall and type-specific prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in oral epithelial dysplasia and assess p16 overexpression in relation to HPV-status. A systematic literature search identified 31 eligible studies (832 cases) evaluating the presence of HPV DNA in oral epithelial dysplasia cases by PCR. Of these, six studies evaluated p16 overexpression in relation to HPV-status. The overall pooled prevalence of HPV DNA in oral epithelial dysplasia was 27.2% (95% CI: 17.6-38.1). We observed substantial interstudy heterogeneity, which could not be explained by differences in continent, tissue type, or severity of epithelial dysplasia. HPV16 was the predominant genotype detected. Moreover, 62.2% of HPV positive and 17.8% of HPV negative oral epithelial dysplasia samples stained intensively positive for p16 . This meta-analysis found that 27% of oral epithelial dysplasia harbor HPV DNA. Whether this represents a transient infection or has a carcinogenic role is unknown.
Topics: Alphapapillomavirus; Carcinoma in Situ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; DNA, Viral; Humans; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections; Prevalence
PubMed: 32573035
DOI: 10.1002/hed.26330