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Journal of Nuclear Cardiology :... Dec 2023Contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance (Ce-CMR) and Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) are frequently utilized in clinical... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Comparison of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in the assessment of myocardial viability: meta-analysis and systematic review.
AIM
Contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance (Ce-CMR) and Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) are frequently utilized in clinical practice to assess myocardial viability. However, studies evaluating direct comparison between Ce-CMR and FDG-PET have a smaller sample size, and no clear distinction between the two imaging modalities has been defined. To address this gap, we conducted a meta-analysis of studies comparing Ce-CMR and FDG-PET for the assessment of myocardial viability.
METHODS
We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science databases from their inception to 4/20/2022 with search terms "viability" AND "heart diseases" AND "cardiac magnetic resonance imaging" AND "positron-emission tomography." We extracted patient characteristics, segment level viability assessment according to Ce-CMR and FDG-PET, and change in regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMA) at follow-up.
RESULTS
We included four studies in the meta-analysis which provided viability assessment with Ce-CMR and FDG-PET in all patients and change in RWMA at follow-up. There were 82 patients among the four included studies, and 585 segments were compared for viability assessment. There were 59 (72%) males, and mean age was 65 years. The sensitivity (95% confidence interval-CI) and specificity (CI) of Ce-CMR for predicting myocardial recovery were 0.88 (0.66-0.96) and 0.64 (0.49-0.77), respectively. The sensitivity (CI) and specificity (CI) of FDG-PET for predicting myocardial recovery were 0.91 (0.63-0.99) and 0.67 (0.49-0.81), respectively.
CONCLUSION
FDG-PET and Ce-CMR have comparable diagnostic parameters in myocardial viability assessment and are consistent with prior research.
Topics: Male; Humans; Aged; Female; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Positron-Emission Tomography; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Heart; Radiopharmaceuticals; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 37758962
DOI: 10.1007/s12350-023-03377-2 -
Journal of Nuclear Cardiology :... Aug 2023Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) are frequently used advanced cardiac imaging to diagnose... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Comparison of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in the assessment of cardiac sarcoidosis: Meta-analysis and systematic review.
AIM
Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) are frequently used advanced cardiac imaging to diagnose cardiac sarcoidosis (CS). We conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review to compare diagnostic parameters of FDG-PET and CMR in the diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis (CS).
METHODS
We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus databases from their inception to 9/30/2021 with search terms "cardiac sarcoidosis" AND "cardiac magnetic resonance imaging" AND "positronemission tomography". We extracted patient characteristics, results of the FDG-PET and CMR, and adverse outcomes from the included studies. Adverse outcomes served as a reference standard for the evaluation of FDG-PET and CMR.
RESULTS
We included 4 studies in the meta-analysis which provided adverse outcomes and all patients underwent FDG-PET and CMR. There were 237 patients, 60.3% male, and ages ranged from 50-53 years. There were 45 events in 237 patients from four studies included in the meta-analyses. The pooled sensitivity (95% confidence interval-CI) and specificity (CI) of CMR in predicting an adverse event were 0.94 (0.79-0.98) and 0.49 (0.40-0.59), respectively. The pooled sensitivity (CI) and specificity (CI) of FDG-PET in predicting an adverse event were 0.51 (0.26-0.75) and 0.60 (0.35-0.81), respectively.
CONCLUSION
CMR was more sensitive but less specific than FDG-PET in predicting adverse events; however, the study population and definition of a positive test need to be considered while interpreting the results.
Topics: Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Female; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Cardiomyopathies; Positron-Emission Tomography; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Myocarditis; Sarcoidosis; Radiopharmaceuticals; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 36443587
DOI: 10.1007/s12350-022-03129-8 -
Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging 2022Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) can strongly modulate the response to therapy of malignant tumor cells, facilitating their continuous proliferation and invading... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) can strongly modulate the response to therapy of malignant tumor cells, facilitating their continuous proliferation and invading behaviors. In this context, several efforts were made in identifying the fibroblast activation protein (FAP) as a CAF recognizer and in designing FAP-specific PET radiotracers (as Ga-FAPI) along with FAP-specific therapeutic radioligands. Herein, we review different clinical studies using the various FAP-specific radioligands as novel theranostic agents in a wide range of oncologic and nononcologic indications.
METHODS
A comprehensive systematic search was conducted on the PubMed and Scopus databases to find relevant published articles concerning the FAP-specific PET imaging as well as the FAP-specific radionuclide therapy in patients with oncologic and nononcologic indications. The enrolled studies were dichotomized into oncologic and nononcologic categories, and the required data were extracted by precisely reviewing the whole text of each eligible study. A meta-analysis was also performed comparing the detection rates of Ga-FAPI vs. F-FDG PET/CT using odds ratio (OR) and risk difference as outcome measures.
RESULTS
Of the initial 364 relevant papers, 49 eligible articles (1479 patients) and 55 case reports were enrolled in our systematic review. These studies observed high radiolabeled FAPI avidity as early as 10 minutes after administration in primary sites of various malignant tumors. Based on the meta-analysis which was done on the reported detection rates of the Ga-FAPI and F-FDG PET/CT scans, the highest OR belonged to the primary lesion detection rate of gastrointestinal tumors (OR = 32.079, 95% CI: 4.001-257.212; = 0.001) with low heterogeneity (I = 0%). The corresponding value of the nodal metastases belonged to hepatobiliary tumors (OR = 11.609, 95% CI: 1.888-71.365; = 0.008) with low heterogeneity (I = 0%). For distant metastases, the highest estimated OR belonged to nasopharyngeal carcinomas (OR = 77.451, 95% CI: 7.323-819.201; < 0.001) with low heterogeneity (I = 0%).
CONCLUSIONS
The outperformance of Ga-FAPI PET/CT over F-FDG PET/CT in identifying certain primary tumors as well as in detecting their metastatic lesions may open indications for evaluation of cases with inconclusive F-FDG PET/CT findings. What needs to be emphasized is that the false-positive results might be problematic and must be taken into account in Ga-FAPI PET/CT interpretation. More clarification on the role of FAPI radioligands in oncologic imaging, radionuclide therapy, and radiotherapy treatment planning is therefore required.
Topics: Endopeptidases; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Gallium Radioisotopes; Humans; Ligands; Membrane Proteins; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Radioligand Assay
PubMed: 35280710
DOI: 10.1155/2022/3948873 -
Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging 2021Prostate-specific membrane antigen- (PSMA-) targeted agents labeled with fluorine-18 (F) have recently become available to evaluate patients with biochemical recurrent... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Prostate-specific membrane antigen- (PSMA-) targeted agents labeled with fluorine-18 (F) have recently become available to evaluate patients with biochemical recurrent prostate cancer (BRPCa) by using positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) or positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis about the detection rate (DR) of F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT or PET/MRI in BRPCa patients.
METHODS
A comprehensive computer literature search of PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases for studies published through 17 May 2021 was carried out using the following search algorithm: "PSMA" AND "1007". Only studies providing data on the DR of F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT or PET/MRI in BRPCa were included. A random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled DR on a per scan basis.
RESULTS
Fifteen articles (853 patients) were selected and included in the systematic review, and ten were included in the quantitative analysis. Most of the studies reported a good DR of F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT or PET/MRI in BRPCa including also patients with low prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSA) values. The DR of F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT or PET/MRI was dependent on PSA serum values. The pooled DR was 81.3% (95% confidence interval: 74.6-88%) with statistical heterogeneity. A significant reporting bias (publication bias) was not detected.
CONCLUSIONS
F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT or PET/MRI showed a good DR in BRPCa patients in line with other PSMA-targeted agents. The DR of F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT or PET/MRI is influenced by serum PSA values. These findings should be confirmed by prospective multicentric trials.
Topics: Gallium Radioisotopes; Humans; Male; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Niacinamide; Oligopeptides; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Positron-Emission Tomography; Prospective Studies; Prostatic Neoplasms
PubMed: 35002568
DOI: 10.1155/2021/3502389 -
Addiction (Abingdon, England) Oct 2018Resilience and recovery are of increasing importance in the field of alcohol dependence (AD). This paper describes how imaging studies in man can be used to assess the...
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Resilience and recovery are of increasing importance in the field of alcohol dependence (AD). This paper describes how imaging studies in man can be used to assess the neurobiological correlates of resilience and, if longitudinal, of disease trajectories, progression rates and markers for recovery to inform treatment and prevention options.
METHODS
Original papers on recovery and resilience in alcohol addiction and its neurobiological correlates were identified from PubMed and have been analyzed and condensed within a systematic literature review.
RESULTS
Findings deriving from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) studies have identified links between increased resilience and less task-elicited neural activation within the basal ganglia, and benefits of heightened neural pre-frontal cortex (PFC) engagement regarding resilience in a broader sense; namely, resilience against relapse in early abstinence of AD. Furthermore, findings consistently propose at least partial recovery of brain glucose metabolism and executive and general cognitive functioning, as well as structural plasticity effects throughout the brain of alcohol-dependent patients during the course of short-, medium- and long-term abstinence, even when patients only lowered their alcohol consumption to a moderate level. Additionally, specific factors were found that appear to influence these observed brain recovery processes in AD, e.g. genotype-dependent neuronal (re)growth, gender-specific neural recovery effects, critical interfering effects of psychiatric comorbidities, additional smoking or marijuana influences or adolescent alcohol abuse.
CONCLUSIONS
Neuroimaging research has uncovered neurobiological markers that appear to be linked to resilience and improved recovery capacities that are furthermore influenced by various factors such as gender or genetics. Consequently, future system-oriented approaches may help to establish a broad neuroscience-based research framework for alcohol dependence.
Topics: Alcoholism; Basal Ganglia; Brain; Functional Neuroimaging; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Mental Health Recovery; Positron-Emission Tomography; Prefrontal Cortex; Resilience, Psychological
PubMed: 29744956
DOI: 10.1111/add.14259 -
Endocrine Sep 2015Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are the major imaging modalities used for the localization of catecholamine-producing tumors... (Review)
Review
Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are the major imaging modalities used for the localization of catecholamine-producing tumors (pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma). Functional imaging (FI) offers an alternative approach to localize, evaluate, and stage these tumors. Our objective was to describe the additive benefit of FI studies for patients with pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPG) who have undergone MRI or CT scan evaluation. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Scopus from database inception through June 2012 for studies that included patients with biochemically proven PPGs who underwent CT or MRI and additional FI for the localization of PPGs. We included 32 studies enrolling a total of 1,264 patients with a mean age of 43-years old. The studies were uncontrolled and evaluated six FI modalities. FI tests provided small additive value to CT/MRI, aiding in the localization of only 24/1,445 primary cases (1.4 %) and 28/805 metastatic cases (3.5 %). In metastatic cases, 6-[F-18]fluoro-L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) and fluorodopamine-PET (FDA) were the FI tests most successful at identifying disease missed by CT/MRI, providing additional benefit in 6/60 (10 %) and 5/78 (6.4 %) cases, respectively. No clinically significant findings were observed in any of the predefined subgroups. No study evaluated the impact of FI on the completeness of surgical resection or other patient-important outcomes. Observational evidence suggests that FI tests have a limited additional role in patients with PPGs who have undergone CT/MRI evaluation. However, the role of FI tests in specific subgroups of patients with atypical presentations (metastatic, extra-adrenal) as well as the use of hybrid FI tests should be explored. Further research should also evaluate the impact of FI tests on patient-important outcomes.
Topics: Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adult; Humans; Middle Aged; Paraganglioma; Pheochromocytoma; Radionuclide Imaging
PubMed: 25663601
DOI: 10.1007/s12020-015-0544-7 -
Clinical Imaging 2015Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is a systemic disease due to the presence of metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis and local recurrence as well as distant metastatic... (Review)
Review
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is a systemic disease due to the presence of metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis and local recurrence as well as distant metastatic disease after treatment in a majority of patients. Recognition of these metastatic sites may help in accurate staging and assessment of therapeutic response. The authors discuss and illustrate imaging findings of metastatic disease from pancreatic adenocarcinoma in different organ systems with emphasis on entities that can mimic metastatic pancreatic cancer.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Female; Humans; Neoplasms, Second Primary; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Positron-Emission Tomography; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 25981735
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2015.04.017 -
Jornal de Pediatria 2023Meckel diverticulum (MD) is a common malformation of the digestive tract, often accompanied by serious complications. It is important to find safe and effective... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
Meckel diverticulum (MD) is a common malformation of the digestive tract, often accompanied by serious complications. It is important to find safe and effective diagnostic methods for screening MD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a technetium-99m (Tc-99m) scan for pediatric bleeding MD.
METHODS
The authors conducted a systematic review of studies published in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science before 1 January 2023. Studies based on PICOS were included in this systematic review. The flow chart was made by PRISMA software. The quality of included studies was assessed by RevMan5 software (QUADAS-2: Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2). The sensitivity, specificity, and other measurements of accuracy were pooled using Stata/SE 12.0 software.
RESULTS
Sixteen studies with 1115 children were included in this systematic review. A randomized-effects model was used for the meta-analysis because of significant heterogeneity. The combined sensitivity and specificity were 0.80 [Confidence Interval (95% CI, 0.73-0.86) and 0.95 (95% CI, 0.86-0.98)], respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.88 (95% CI, 0.85-0.90). Publication bias (Begg's test p = 0.053) was observed.
CONCLUSION
Tc-99m scan has high specificity, but moderate sensitivity, which is always influenced by some factors. Hence, the Tc-99m scan has some limitations in the diagnosis of pediatric bleeding MD.
Topics: Child; Humans; Technetium; Meckel Diverticulum; Radionuclide Imaging; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 37277097
DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2023.03.009 -
Journal of Neuroimaging : Official... Mar 2022Fibrosing inflammatory pseudotumor (FIP) of the nasopharynx is a rare nonneoplastic inflammatory lesion that is frequently mistaken for malignancy or infection. It is... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Fibrosing inflammatory pseudotumor (FIP) of the nasopharynx is a rare nonneoplastic inflammatory lesion that is frequently mistaken for malignancy or infection. It is often misdiagnosed by radiologists as nasopharyngeal carcinoma or lymphoma, resulting in multiple biopsies and delays in diagnosis. The purpose is to understand trends in clinical presentation, imaging findings, treatment modalities, and patient outcomes of nasopharyngeal FIP.
METHODS
MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were queried for articles related to FIP of the nasopharynx. Articles that described cases of FIP involving the nasopharynx were selected. Studies that described inflammatory pseudotumor of the nasopharynx associated with known distinct pathologic entities were excluded.
RESULTS
A total of 19 articles describing 37 patients were included. MRI findings were reported in 32 patients. All cases demonstrated avid gadolinium enhancement. T2-weighted imaging characteristics were described or displayed for 21 patients: 95% demonstrated hypointensity compared to surrounding mucosa. Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT findings were reported for 6 patients, all demonstrating mild FDG avidity.
CONCLUSIONS
Nasopharyngeal FIP is a histological diagnosis of exclusion that presents with facial pain and, often, cranial neuropathies. Relatively low T2-weighted MRI signal should inform the interpreting neuroradiologist to include FIP as a differential consideration for both the ordering provider and pathologist. Corticosteroid therapy is the most frequently employed therapy and results in partial or complete response in most patients. Radiation therapy and anti-inflammatory medications have also been reported to have potential therapeutic roles.
Topics: Contrast Media; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Gadolinium; Granuloma, Plasma Cell; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms; Nasopharynx; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography
PubMed: 34879175
DOI: 10.1111/jon.12953 -
European Journal of Radiology Jul 2015Diagnosing acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is an indication for scintillation V/Q imaging (planar and SPECT) and/or CTPA. This study reviews, compares and aggregates the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Planar and SPECT ventilation/perfusion imaging and computed tomography for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature, and cost and dose comparison.
Diagnosing acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is an indication for scintillation V/Q imaging (planar and SPECT) and/or CTPA. This study reviews, compares and aggregates the published diagnostic performance of each modality and assesses the short-term consequences in terms of diagnostic outcomes, monetary cost, and radiation burden. We performed a formal literature review of available data and aggregated the finding using a summary receiver operating characteristic. A decision tree approach was used to estimate cost and dose per correct diagnosis. The review found 19 studies, which comprised 27 data sets (6393 examinations, from 5923 patients). The results showed that planar V/Q was significantly inferior to both V/Q SPECT and CTPA with no difference between the latter two. CTPA represents best value; £129 per correct diagnosis compared to £243 (SPECT) and £226 (planar). In terms of radiation burden V/Q SPECT was the most effective with a dose of 2.12 mSv per correct diagnosis compared with 3.46 mSv (planar) and 4.96 (CTPA) mSv. These findings show no performance difference between V/Q SPECT and CTPA; planar V/Q is inferior. CTPA is clearly the most cost effective technique. V/Q SPECT should be considered in situations where radiation dose is of concern or CTPA is inappropriate.
Topics: Humans; Lung; Perfusion Imaging; Pulmonary Embolism; ROC Curve; Radiation Dosage; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Ventilation-Perfusion Ratio
PubMed: 25868674
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2015.03.013