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Critical Reviews in Food Science and... 2023This systematic review and meta-analysis quantified the effects of various vegetable oil-based nanoemulsion (NE) formulations on muscle foods' microbial and chemical... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
This systematic review and meta-analysis quantified the effects of various vegetable oil-based nanoemulsion (NE) formulations on muscle foods' microbial and chemical quality by estimating the weighted overall response ratio (). Treatment of muscle foods with NE formulations reduced the growth rates of total mesophilic bacteria, total psychrophilic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, and by 26.2% (=0.738), 19% (=0.810), 44.7% (=0.553), and 31.8% (=0.682) during the storage period, respectively. Moreover, the NE formulations retarded the increasing rates of volatile basic-nitrogen content, lipid and protein oxidation, and lipid hydrolysis by 41.4% (=0.586), 34% (=0.660), 55% (=0.450), and 37.1% (=0.629), respectively. The NE formulations prepared from safflower, olive, canola, and sunflower oil were more effective than the other vegetable oils to control microbial growth and slow down chemical changes in muscle foods. The combination of nanoemulsions (NEs) and essential oils (EOs) was more efficient than NEs to preserve muscle foods. Packaging NE-treated muscle foods under anaerobic conditions provided better control of microbial growth and chemical changes than packaging under aerobic conditions. Consequently, a combination of vegetable oil-based NEs and EOs followed by anaerobic packaging is the most effective treatment to improve the quality of muscle foods.Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2022.2057415 .
Topics: Plant Oils; Oils, Volatile; Muscles; Food; Food Preservation
PubMed: 35400244
DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2057415 -
Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome 2020High total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) could be major risk factors for cardiovascular disease burden among high risk populations... (Review)
Review Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
High total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) could be major risk factors for cardiovascular disease burden among high risk populations especially in South Asians. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to quantify the effects of coconut oil compared with other oils and fats on cardio-metabolic parameters.
METHODS
PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were systematically searched. The main outcomes included are lipid and glycemic parameters. Subgroup analyses were performed to evaluate individual comparisons of vegetable oils and animal fat with coconut oil. Data were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis.
RESULTS
Coconut oil consumption significantly increased TC by 15.42 mg/dL (95% CI, 8.96-21.88, p < 0.001), LDL-C by 10.14 mg/dL (95% CI, 4.44-15.84, p < 0.001) and high density lipoprorein cholesterol (HDL-C) by 2.61 mg/dL (95% CI, 0.95-4.26, p = 0.002), and significantly decreased glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) by 0.39 mg/dL (95% CI, -0.50 to -0.27, p < 0.001) but, it had no effects on triglycerides (TG), (4.25 mg/dL; 95% CI, -0.49-8.99, p = 0.08) when compared with the control group. Sub-group analysis demonstrated that coconut oil significantly increased TC and LDL-C over corn, palm, soybean and safflower oils and not over olive oil. Compared with butter, coconut oil showed a better pattern in cardio-metabolic markers by significantly increasing HDL-C (4.38 mg/dL, 95% CI, 0.40 to 8.36, p = 0.03) and decreasing LDL-C (-14.90 mg/dL, 95% CI, -23.02 to-6.77, p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest that coconut oil consumption results in significantly higher TC, LDL-C and HDL-C than other oils. Consumption of coconut oil can be one of the risk factors for CVDs in South Asians.
Topics: Animals; Cardiovascular Diseases; Coconut Oil; Humans; Risk Factors
PubMed: 33096510
DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.09.033 -
Journal of Lipid Research Sep 2018The aim of this network meta-analysis (NMA) is to compare the effects of different oils/solid fats on blood lipids. Literature searches were performed until March 2018.... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
The aim of this network meta-analysis (NMA) is to compare the effects of different oils/solid fats on blood lipids. Literature searches were performed until March 2018. Inclusion criteria were as follows: ) randomized trial (3 weeks study length) comparing at least two of the following oils/solid fats: safflower, sunflower, rapeseed, hempseed, flaxseed, corn, olive, soybean, palm, and coconut oil, and lard, beef-fat, and butter; ) outcomes LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), and triacylglycerols (TGs). A random dose-response (per 10% isocaloric exchange) NMA was performed and surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) was estimated. Fifty-four trials were included in the NMA. Safflower oil had the highest SUCRA value for LDL-C (82%) and TC (90%), followed by rapeseed oil (76% for LDL-C, 85% for TC); whereas, palm oil (74%) had the highest SUCRA value for TG, and coconut oil (88%) for HDL-C. Safflower, sunflower, rapeseed, flaxseed, corn, olive, soybean, palm, and coconut oil as well beef fat were more effective in reducing LDL-C (-0.42 to -0.23 mmol/l) as compared with butter. Despite limitations in these data, our NMA findings are in line with existing evidence on the metabolic effects of fat and support current recommendations to replace high saturated-fat food with unsaturated oils.
Topics: Animals; Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; Humans; Lipids; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 30006369
DOI: 10.1194/jlr.P085522 -
Clinical Nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) Feb 2019The role of enteral nutrition (EN) fat composition in regulating inflammation in Crohn's disease (CD) is not clear. There is, moreover, insufficient evidence to guide...
BACKGROUND & AIMS
The role of enteral nutrition (EN) fat composition in regulating inflammation in Crohn's disease (CD) is not clear. There is, moreover, insufficient evidence to guide the choice of EN in CD with any confidence. We have reanalysed the findings of previous studies in a systematic review focussing on the relationship between EN fat content and remission rates (RR).
METHODS
A systematic search with no language restriction was undertaken in Medline and Embase databases supplemented by a manual search in the reference lists of identified studies. The selection criteria were: clinical trial, exclusive EN, adults and CD. Data on the type of EN, its fat composition, achieved RR, and study design were extracted. An established assessment tool was used to assess the quality of the studies.
RESULTS
A total of 29 clinical trials are included in this review. The quality of the studies was highly variable. No fewer than 27 formulations of enteral feed were identified including 4 elemental and 23 non-elemental preparations. There was a positive correlation between the total n-6 fatty acid content and response rates, which was significant when expressed as the ratio between n-6 and n-3 fatty acids (r = 0.378, p = 0.018). A non-significant positive trend was founded (r = 0.072; p = 0.643) between medium chain triglycerides (MCT) delivery as a percentage of the total energy provision and RR. While a non-significant negative trend was reported for the delivery of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) (r = -0.23, p = 0.13). A qualitative advantage to regimens based on safflower oil suggest that optimised therapeutic approaches are within reach.
Topics: Adult; Crohn Disease; Dietary Fats; Enteral Nutrition; Humans
PubMed: 29310893
DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.12.018