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BMC Research Notes May 2019The present database contains information on patient falls in the hospital setting. Data were collected in January 2018 with of describing in-hospital falls reported...
OBJECTIVES
The present database contains information on patient falls in the hospital setting. Data were collected in January 2018 with of describing in-hospital falls reported from 1st January 2012 to 31 December 2017 in a large hospital in the South of Brazil. Learning about the characteristics of these events and establishing a profile may contribute to the design of adequate prevention and improvement strategies that are effective to reduce the risk of falls.
DATA DESCRIPTION
This data set encompasses 1.071 in-patients falls characterized by the follow variables: year, date, patient birth, weekday, shift, department/location of the incident, location, severity, presence of companion, age, sex, risk level, medication associated with fall risk, implemented fall prevention protocol, type of injury, reason, restraint prescription, physical therapy prescription.
Topics: Accident Prevention; Accident Proneness; Accidental Falls; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Brazil; Databases, Factual; Female; Hospitals; Humans; Inpatients; Male; Middle Aged; Patient Safety; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Sex Factors
PubMed: 31122283
DOI: 10.1186/s13104-019-4318-9 -
Accident; Analysis and Prevention Aug 2023Cerebral laterality has been linked to accident proneness and time perception, but the possible role of time estimation abilities has received little attention....
Cerebral laterality has been linked to accident proneness and time perception, but the possible role of time estimation abilities has received little attention. Accordingly, the present study focused on this under-explored question while also aiming to replicate past work examining the relationship between measures of laterality and injury proneness. Participants reported on the number of accidents they have had in their lifetime requiring medical care and the number of minor accidents they had in the past month as outcome variables. They also completed the Waterloo Handedness Questionnaire, a left bias visual task (Greyscales task), a right bias auditory verbal task (Fused Dichotic Words Task), and an objective measure of time perception. Extensive examination of statistical model fit showed that a model assuming a Poisson distribution provided the best fit for minor injuries and an additional negative binomial provided the best fit to the lifetime accidents. Results showed a negative relation between the degree of verbal laterality (absolute right bias) and injuries requiring medical care. Furthermore, the number of accidents requiring medical care was positively related to the precision of time estimation and the direction of verbal laterality on response time (raw right bias). Interpretations of these findings emphasize their implications for interhemispheric communication and motor control in the context of time estimation and auditory verbal laterality. These aspects seem to provide promising avenues for future research.
Topics: Humans; Functional Laterality; Accident Proneness; Accidents, Traffic; Attention
PubMed: 37172453
DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2023.107098 -
Journal of Clinical and Experimental... 2015Although handedness as a measure of cerebral specialization has been linked to accident proneness, more direct measures of laterality are rarely considered. The present...
Although handedness as a measure of cerebral specialization has been linked to accident proneness, more direct measures of laterality are rarely considered. The present study aimed to fill that gap in the existing research. In addition, individual difference factors in accident proneness were further examined with the inclusion of mental rotation and navigation abilities measures. One hundred and forty participants were asked to complete the Mental Rotations Test, the Santa Barbara Sense of Direction scale, the Greyscales task, the Fused Dichotic Word Test, the Waterloo Handedness Questionnaire, and a grip strength task before answering questions related to number of accidents in five areas. Results indicated that handedness scores, absolute visual laterality score, absolute response time on the auditory laterality index, and navigation ability were significant predictors of the total number of accidents. Results are discussed with respect to cerebral hemispheric specialization and risk-taking attitudes and behavior.
Topics: Accident Proneness; Adult; Female; Functional Laterality; Humans; Individuality; Male; Regression Analysis; Rotation; Sex Characteristics; Spatial Navigation; Surveys and Questionnaires; Young Adult
PubMed: 25562410
DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2014.985191 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2021Behavioral failures can serve as precursors for accidents. Yet, individual differences in the predisposition to behavioral failures have predominantly been investigated...
Behavioral failures can serve as precursors for accidents. Yet, individual differences in the predisposition to behavioral failures have predominantly been investigated within relatively narrow parameters, with the focus limited to subsets of behaviors or specific domains. A broader perspective might prove useful in illuminating correlations between various forms of accidents. The current research was undertaken as one step toward developing the concept of behavioral failures proneness in its multidimensional aspect. We report the initial stage of the development and validation of the Failures Proneness questionnaire (FP): a brief, multifaceted, self-report scale of common behavioral failures in everyday settings. In a preliminary phase we conceived an extensive pool of prospective items. Study 1 identified and validated the factor-structure of FP and reduced the scale to a brief measure of 16 items. Study 2 corroborated the factor structure of the FP and evaluated its construct validity by assessing its relationship with the Five Factor Model (FFM) of personality traits. Study 3 tested the criterion-related validity of the FP by assessing its ability to predict deviant behaviors. These studies provide evidence of the FP's performance in generating valuable information on a broad range of behavioral antecedents of accidents.
PubMed: 34966324
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.757051 -
International Journal of Occupational... Sep 2018To explore the relationships between human factors and accident proneness of coal mine workers, the depth perception, dark adaptation and vigilance abilities of 239...
To explore the relationships between human factors and accident proneness of coal mine workers, the depth perception, dark adaptation and vigilance abilities of 239 Chinese coal mine workers were tested and their accident proneness was surveyed with an accident proneness questionnaire. The results indicated that dark adaptation and vigilance abilities of the mine workers declined with increasing age. Vigilance had a significant negative relationship with accident proneness. There were significant differences in vigilance between coal mine workers doing different types of work. Individual difference in vigilance was relevant to the type of work that an individual did in a coal mine. The dark adaptation index had a significant positive relationship with accident proneness. Coal mine workers with weaker dark adaptation ability were also more accident prone. Some ergonomics recommendations concerning coal mine safety management in China are proposed.
Topics: Accident Proneness; Accidents, Occupational; Adult; Age Factors; Attention; China; Coal Mining; Dark Adaptation; Depth Perception; Ergonomics; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Miners; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 27465575
DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2016.1216364 -
Work (Reading, Mass.) 2017Human factors comprise one of the important reasons leading to the casualty accidents in coal mines.
BACKGROUND
Human factors comprise one of the important reasons leading to the casualty accidents in coal mines.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to analyze the relationships among musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), personality traits, psychological distress, and accident proneness of coal miners.
PARTICIPANTS
There were 1500 Chinese coal miners surveyed in this study. Among these miners, 992 valid samples were obtained.
METHODS
The study surveyed the MSDs, personality traits, psychological distress, and accident proneness of coal miners with MSDs Likert scale, Eysenck personality questionnaire, Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) scale, and accident proneness questionnaire, respectively.
RESULTS
The highest MSDs level was found in the waist. The increasing working age of the miners was connected with increased MSDs and psychological distress. Significant differences in MSDs and psychological distress of miners from different types of work were observed. Coal miners with higher MSDs had higher accident proneness. Coal miners with higher neuroticism dimension of Eysenck personality and more serious psychological distress had higher accident proneness. Phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation and psychoticism dimension of psychological distress were the three most important indicators that had significant positive relationships with accident proneness.
CONCLUSION
The MSDs, neuroticism dimension, and psychological distress of the coal mine workers are important to work safety and require serious attention. Some implications concerning coal mine safety management in China were provided.
Topics: Accident Proneness; Accidents, Occupational; China; Coal Mining; Humans; Male; Mental Disorders; Miners; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Personality; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 28800349
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-172569 -
Safety and Health At Work Jun 2019Workforce health is one of the primary and most challenging issues, particularly in industrialized countries. This article aims at modeling the major factors affecting...
BACKGROUND
Workforce health is one of the primary and most challenging issues, particularly in industrialized countries. This article aims at modeling the major factors affecting accidents in the workplace, including general health, work-family conflict, effort-reward imbalance, and internal and external locus of control.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Esfahan Steel Company in Iran. A total of 450 participants were divided into two groups-control and case-and the questionnaires were distributed among them. Data were collected through a 7-part questionnaire. Finally, the results were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and Amos software.
RESULTS
All the studied variables had a significant relationship with the accident proneness. In the case group, general health with a coefficient of -0.37, work-family conflict with 0.10, effort-reward imbalance with 0.10, internal locus of control with -0.07, and external locus of control with 0.40 had a direct effect on occupational stress. Occupational stress also had a positive direct effect on accident proneness with a coefficient of 0.47. In addition, fitness indices of control group showed general health (-0.35), work-family conflict (0.36), effort-reward imbalance (0.13), internal locus of control (-0.15), and external locus of control (0.12) have a direct effect on occupational stress. Besides, occupational stress with a coefficient of 0.09 had a direct effect on accident proneness.
CONCLUSION
It can be concluded that although previous studies and the present study showed the effect of stress on accident and accident proneness, some hidden and external factors such as work-family conflict, effort-reward imbalance, and external locus of control that affect stress should also be considered. It helps industries face less occupational stress and, consequently, less occurrence rates of accidents.
PubMed: 31297283
DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2019.01.002 -
Annual Review of Animal Biosciences Feb 2021Humans, wildlife, and domestic animals are intimately linked through shared infections. Many parasites and pathogens use multiple host species, either opportunistically... (Review)
Review
Humans, wildlife, and domestic animals are intimately linked through shared infections. Many parasites and pathogens use multiple host species, either opportunistically or sequentially, such that managing disease risk frequently requires a broader understanding of the ecological community. The coccidian protozoan infects more than one hundred species of vertebrates, ranging from bats to beluga whales. In humans, acute toxoplasmosis can have serious health consequences for immunocompromised individuals. Even amongst asymptomatic patients, however, toxoplasmosis has been linked to a range of behavioral alterations and conditions, such as changes in risk tolerance, neuroticism, mental illness, suicide, and accident proneness. Whether such links are causal or simply correlational has been the subject of intense study and debate; from an evolutionary standpoint, selection may favor parasite-induced alterations in host behavior that increase the likelihood a host is consumed by the definitive host-in this case a domestic or wild felid. Here, we examine current evidence for parasite-induced manipulations of host behavior, in both humans and other animals. We critically evaluate proposed mechanisms through which infection might influence host behavior, which range from inflammation in the brain to changes in hormones or neurotransmitters. Considering estimates that may infect up to one-third of the global human population, we conclude by examining the implications of these changes for human behavior, individual fitness, and emergent cultural properties.
Topics: Animals; Behavior; Brain; Host-Parasite Interactions; Humans; Toxoplasma; Toxoplasmosis
PubMed: 33138620
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-animal-081720-111125 -
PeerJ 2019The way people behave in traffic is not always optimal from the road safety perspective: drivers exceed speed limits, misjudge speeds or distances, tailgate other road...
The way people behave in traffic is not always optimal from the road safety perspective: drivers exceed speed limits, misjudge speeds or distances, tailgate other road users or fail to perceive them. Such behaviors are commonly investigated using self-report-based latent variable models, and conceptualized as reflections of violation- and error-proneness. However, attributing dangerous behavior to stable properties of individuals may not be the optimal way of improving traffic safety, whereas investigating direct relationships between traffic behaviors offers a fruitful way forward. Network models of driver behavior and background factors influencing behavior were constructed using a large UK sample of novice drivers. The models show how individual violations, such as speeding, are related to and may contribute to individual errors such as tailgating and braking to avoid an accident. In addition, a network model of the background factors and driver behaviors was constructed. Finally, a model predicting crashes based on prior behavior was built and tested in separate datasets. This contribution helps to bridge a gap between experimental/theoretical studies and self-report-based studies in traffic research: the former have recognized the importance of focusing on relationships between individual driver behaviors, while network analysis offers a way to do so for self-report studies.
PubMed: 30647993
DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6119 -
International Journal of Occupational... Jun 2024. In recent years, workplace accidents have imposed a considerable cost on industries. Accident proneness is one of the most influential factors known to cause unsafe...
. In recent years, workplace accidents have imposed a considerable cost on industries. Accident proneness is one of the most influential factors known to cause unsafe behaviors and occupational accidents. Therefore, the present study investigated the validity and reliability of the accident proneness questionnaire in industries. . The questionnaire was developed to measure accident proneness in industries - the developed instrument was distributed in East Azarbaijan industries (1100 questionaries). Content validity, confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory factor analysis were used to examine the construct validity, and Cronbach's and the test-retest method were used to examine the reliability and reproducibility of the instrument. . In the face validity section, the impact score of all items was determined to be >1.5. In the content validity section, the content validity index (CVI) and the content validity ratio (CVR) were higher than the standard value of 0.42. The Cronbach's coefficient for all dimensions was 0.914. . The findings of the study show that the accident proneness questionnaire in industries has acceptable validity and reliability, and can be used as a comprehensive, practical, robust and reliable instrument to investigate the accident proneness of different industries.
PubMed: 38828493
DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2024.2348912