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BMC Research Notes May 2019The present database contains information on patient falls in the hospital setting. Data were collected in January 2018 with of describing in-hospital falls reported...
OBJECTIVES
The present database contains information on patient falls in the hospital setting. Data were collected in January 2018 with of describing in-hospital falls reported from 1st January 2012 to 31 December 2017 in a large hospital in the South of Brazil. Learning about the characteristics of these events and establishing a profile may contribute to the design of adequate prevention and improvement strategies that are effective to reduce the risk of falls.
DATA DESCRIPTION
This data set encompasses 1.071 in-patients falls characterized by the follow variables: year, date, patient birth, weekday, shift, department/location of the incident, location, severity, presence of companion, age, sex, risk level, medication associated with fall risk, implemented fall prevention protocol, type of injury, reason, restraint prescription, physical therapy prescription.
Topics: Accident Prevention; Accident Proneness; Accidental Falls; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Brazil; Databases, Factual; Female; Hospitals; Humans; Inpatients; Male; Middle Aged; Patient Safety; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Sex Factors
PubMed: 31122283
DOI: 10.1186/s13104-019-4318-9 -
Accident; Analysis and Prevention May 2007Accident related health problems have been suggested to cluster within persons. This phenomenon became known as accident proneness and has been a subject of many... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Accident related health problems have been suggested to cluster within persons. This phenomenon became known as accident proneness and has been a subject of many discussions. This study provides an overview of accident proneness. Therefore, 79 articles with empirical data on accident rates were identified from databases Embase, Medline, and Psychinfo. First, definitions of accidents varied highly, but most studies focused on accidents resulting in injuries requiring medical attention. Second, operationalisations of accident proneness varied highly. Studies categorised individuals into groups with ascending accident rates or made non-accident, accident, and repetitive accident groups. Third, studies examined accidents in specific contexts (traffic, work, and sports) or populations (children, students, and patients). Therefore, we concluded that no overall prevalence rate of accident proneness could be given due to the large variety in operationalisations. However, a meta-analysis of the distribution of accidents in the general population showed that the observed number of individuals with repeated accidents was higher than the number expected by chance. In conclusion, accident proneness exists, but its study is severely hampered by the variation in operationalisations of the concept. In an effort to reach professional consensus on the concept, we end this paper with recommendations for further research.
Topics: Accidents; Cluster Analysis; Humans; Poisson Distribution; Prevalence; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; United States; Wounds and Injuries
PubMed: 17094932
DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2006.09.012 -
Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine Aug 1991
Topics: Accident Proneness; Accidents, Occupational; Humans
PubMed: 1886130
DOI: 10.1177/014107689108400828 -
British Journal of Industrial Medicine May 1985The idea of accident proneness, which originated in the early 1900s, has proved to be ineffectual as an operational concept. Discrete econometric methods may be useful...
The idea of accident proneness, which originated in the early 1900s, has proved to be ineffectual as an operational concept. Discrete econometric methods may be useful to find out which factors are at work in the process that leads to accidents and whether there are individuals who are more liable to accidents than others.
Topics: Accident Proneness; Accidents, Occupational; Attitude; Humans; Models, Biological; Probability
PubMed: 3986144
DOI: No ID Found -
American Journal of Public Health Oct 1991
Topics: Accident Proneness; Female; Functional Laterality; Humans; Male
PubMed: 1844352
DOI: 10.2105/ajph.81.10.1346 -
Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine Mar 1991Accident proneness may be an episodic or a lifelong disability. It is suggested that many of the chronically accident prone individuals are the same as those prone to... (Review)
Review
Accident proneness may be an episodic or a lifelong disability. It is suggested that many of the chronically accident prone individuals are the same as those prone to recurrent organic illnesses, that is they suffer from a congenital 'diathesis'.
Topics: Accident Proneness; Disease Susceptibility; Humans
PubMed: 2013898
DOI: 10.1177/014107689108400316 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2021Behavioral failures can serve as precursors for accidents. Yet, individual differences in the predisposition to behavioral failures have predominantly been investigated...
Behavioral failures can serve as precursors for accidents. Yet, individual differences in the predisposition to behavioral failures have predominantly been investigated within relatively narrow parameters, with the focus limited to subsets of behaviors or specific domains. A broader perspective might prove useful in illuminating correlations between various forms of accidents. The current research was undertaken as one step toward developing the concept of behavioral failures proneness in its multidimensional aspect. We report the initial stage of the development and validation of the Failures Proneness questionnaire (FP): a brief, multifaceted, self-report scale of common behavioral failures in everyday settings. In a preliminary phase we conceived an extensive pool of prospective items. Study 1 identified and validated the factor-structure of FP and reduced the scale to a brief measure of 16 items. Study 2 corroborated the factor structure of the FP and evaluated its construct validity by assessing its relationship with the Five Factor Model (FFM) of personality traits. Study 3 tested the criterion-related validity of the FP by assessing its ability to predict deviant behaviors. These studies provide evidence of the FP's performance in generating valuable information on a broad range of behavioral antecedents of accidents.
PubMed: 34966324
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.757051 -
Vision (Basel, Switzerland) May 2020Many accidents, such as those involving collisions or trips, appear to involve failures of vision, but the association between accident risk and vision as conventionally...
Many accidents, such as those involving collisions or trips, appear to involve failures of vision, but the association between accident risk and vision as conventionally assessed is weak or absent. We addressed this conundrum by embracing the distinction inspired by neuroscientific research, between vision for perception and vision for action. A dual-process perspective predicts that accident vulnerability will be associated more strongly with vision for action than vision for perception. In this preliminary investigation, older and younger adults, with relatively high and relatively low self-reported accident vulnerability (Accident Proneness Questionnaire), completed three behavioural assessments targeting vision for perception (Freiburg Visual Acuity Test); vision for action (Vision for Action Test-VAT); and the ability to perform physical actions involving balance, walking and standing (Short Physical Performance Battery). Accident vulnerability was not associated with visual acuity or with performance of physical actions but was associated with VAT performance. VAT assesses the ability to link visual input with a specific action-launching a saccadic eye movement as rapidly as possible, in response to shapes presented in peripheral vision. The predictive relationship between VAT performance and accident vulnerability was independent of age, visual acuity and physical performance scores. Applied implications of these findings are considered.
PubMed: 32414049
DOI: 10.3390/vision4020026 -
British Journal of Industrial Medicine Jan 1964The term accident proneness was coined by psychological research workers in 1926. Since then its concept—that certain individuals are always more likely than others to... (Review)
Review
The term accident proneness was coined by psychological research workers in 1926. Since then its concept—that certain individuals are always more likely than others to sustain accidents, even though exposed to equal risk—has been questioned but seldom seriously challenged. This article describes much of the work and theory on which this concept is based, details the difficulties encountered in obtaining valid information and the interpretative errors that can arise from the examination of imperfect data, and explains why accident proneness became so readily accepted as an explanation of the facts. A recent hypothesis of accident causation, namely that a person's accident liability may vary from time to time, is outlined, and the respective abilities of this and of accident proneness to accord with data from the more reliable literature are examined. The authors conclude that the hypothesis of individual variation in liability is more realistic and in better agreement with the data than is accident proneness.
Topics: Accident Proneness; Accidents; Humans
PubMed: 14106130
DOI: 10.1136/oem.21.1.1 -
California Medicine Dec 1954Suicide is the ninth major cause of death in the nation. California, according to the latest comprehensive figures (1949), ranks about 50 per cent above the national...
Suicide is the ninth major cause of death in the nation. California, according to the latest comprehensive figures (1949), ranks about 50 per cent above the national average. Yet the importance of suicide as a cause of death is gravely underestimated. At hospitals and other agencies only emergency treatment is given before discharge of persons who attempt suicide, although it is known that many will repeat the attempt. Rarely is psychiatric evaluation carried out or definitive treatment prescribed. Suicidal symptoms are often ignored in other cases. Physicians have a responsibility, as in any disorder, to recognize signs and symptoms of impending suicide and to use all means of prevention. Prevention could be forwarded by the education of physicians and laymen in detecting early signs of depression, in recognizing accident proneness, and in insisting upon legal control of use of barbiturates, a common means of suicide. Lay associations should encourage individuals with suicidal impulses to go to psychiatric clinics for help. Police should learn how to deal with suicidal attempts, and hospitals should include psychiatric examination and advice as to treatment of all such persons. Suicidal attempts should be registered and reported to public health officers in the same way as are other dangerous diseases. More research should be done on case records of these patients, in order to better understand motivations and means of prevention.
Topics: California; Depression; Humans; Patient Discharge; Suicide; Suicide, Attempted
PubMed: 13209373
DOI: No ID Found