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Clinical Toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.) Dec 2022
Topics: Humans; Acetic Acid; Multiple Organ Failure; Eating
PubMed: 36444903
DOI: 10.1080/15563650.2022.2150633 -
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Jun 2024has been a subject of growing interest due to its potential as a probiotic microorganism with applications in gastrointestinal health, but the molecular cause for its...
has been a subject of growing interest due to its potential as a probiotic microorganism with applications in gastrointestinal health, but the molecular cause for its probiotic potency has remained elusive. The recent discovery that contains unique mutations causing high acetic acid accumulation and inhibition of bacterial growth provides a possible clue. The natural isolates Sb.P and Sb.A are homozygous for the recessive mutation and accumulate unusually high amounts of acetic acid, which strongly inhibit bacterial growth. However, the homozygous mutation also leads to acetic acid sensitivity and acid sensitivity in general. In the present study, we have constructed a new strain, derived from the widely therapeutically used CMCN I-745 strain (isolated from the pharmaceutical product Enterol), producing even higher levels of acetic acid while keeping the same tolerance toward low pH as the parent Enterol (ENT) strain. This newly engineered strain, named ENT3, has a homozygous deletion of and strong overexpression of . It is also able to accumulate much higher acetic acid concentrations when growing on low glucose levels, in contrast to the ENT wild-type and Sb.P strains. Moreover, we show the antimicrobial capacity of ENT3 against gut pathogens and observed that higher acetic acid production might correlate with better persistence in the gut in healthy mice. These findings underscore the possible role of the unique acetic acid production and its potential for improvement of the probiotic action of .IMPORTANCESuperior variants of the probiotic yeast produce high levels of acetic acid, which inhibit the growth of bacterial pathogens. However, these strains also show increased acid sensitivity, which can compromise the viability of the cells during their passage through the stomach. In this work, we have developed by genetic engineering a variant of that produces even higher levels of acetic acid and does not show enhanced acid sensitivity. We also show that the yeasts with higher acetic acid production persist longer in the gut, in agreement with a previous work indicating competition between probiotic yeast and bacteria for residence in the gut.
Topics: Acetic Acid; Probiotics; Saccharomyces boulardii; Animals; Mice
PubMed: 38752748
DOI: 10.1128/aem.00325-24 -
Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry Jun 2023The current approach to gluconic acid production is acetification at 30°C, a temperature that can be difficult to maintain in tropical countries. This study...
The current approach to gluconic acid production is acetification at 30°C, a temperature that can be difficult to maintain in tropical countries. This study investigated the production of gluconic acid during acetification by Acetobacter aceti WK at high temperatures. An acid-tolerant and thermotolerant species, A. aceti WK, was used for acetification at three different temperatures, namely, 30°C (normal temperature), 37°C, and 40°C (high temperature). Acetification was performed in a 100 L bioreactor with 0.15% CaCl for protection of the cells against high temperatures. The production of the organic acids, that is, acetic acid, gluconic acid, 2-keto gluconic acid, glucuronic acid, citric acid, succinic acid, lactic acid, and formic acid, was analyzed. Under acetification in the target total concentration of 80 g/L, the highest acetic acid content (39.3 g/L) was obtained at 37°C with an acetification rate of 0.3013 g/L/h, while the acetic acid content and acetification rate achieved at 30°C were 31 g/L and 0.3089 g/L/h, respectively. Additionally, gluconic acid presented at the highest concentration of 2.17 g/L. The rate of production of gluconic acid was 0.0169 g/L/h at 37°C. This acetification process at 37°C will be valuable as an alternative source for gluconic acid production for commercial applications.
Topics: Temperature; Fermentation; Acetobacter; Acetic Acid
PubMed: 36385710
DOI: 10.1002/bab.2414 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jul 2023Chitosan films were prepared by solvent casting using an acetic acid-based solution. The films that were developed contained 15.49% of acetic acid solution (10% /) and...
Chitosan films were prepared by solvent casting using an acetic acid-based solution. The films that were developed contained 15.49% of acetic acid solution (10% /) and showed biocompatibility in vitro in human keratinocyte HaCaT cells and potent antiviral activity against both enveloped and non-enveloped viruses. The results showed up to 99.98% and 99.92% viral inactivation against the phi 6 enveloped bacteriophage and MS2 non-enveloped bacteriophage, respectively, suggesting that this chitosan/acetic acid film is a promising material for biomedical applications that require biodegradable broad-spectrum antiviral materials.
Topics: Humans; Antiviral Agents; Chitosan; Acetic Acid; Virus Inactivation; Viruses; Biocompatible Materials
PubMed: 37569404
DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512028 -
Environmental Science and Pollution... Apr 2022The traditional cementitious product is prone to suffer from a high degree of deterioration in the case of exposure to acid solutions because of the decomposition of the...
The traditional cementitious product is prone to suffer from a high degree of deterioration in the case of exposure to acid solutions because of the decomposition of the binder network. However, the degradation of concrete structures in service by mild concentrations of acid under conditions involving sewage, industrial waters, and acid rain is more common and results in a significant environmental problem. The utilization of alkali-activated materials has been seen to potentially offer an attractive option with regard to acceptable durability and a low carbon footprint. With the aid of visual observation, mass loss, compressive strength tests, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and field-emission scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, the acid resistance of alkali-activated fly ash mortars in which the precursor was partially replaced (0-30% by mass proportion) with ordinary Portland cement (OPC) was evaluated after 180 days of exposure to mild-concentration sulfuric and acetic solutions (pH = 3). A conventional cement mortar (100% OPC) was used as a reference group. The results demonstrate that the addition of OPC into the alkali-activated system causes a significant increase in compressive strength (around 16.08-36.61%) while showing an opposite influence on durability after acid attack. Based on a linear mean value and nonlinear artificial neural network model simulation, the mass losses of the specimens were evaluated, and the alkali-activated pure-fly ash mortar demonstrated the lowest value (i.e., a maximum of 5.61%) together with the best behavior in the aspect of discreteness at 180 days. The results from microstructure analysis show that the coexistence of the N-A-S-H and C-S-H networks in the blend system occurred by both OPC hydration and FA. However, the formation of the gypsum deposition within the fly ash-OPC blend systems at sulfuric acid was found to impose internal disintegrating stresses, causing a significant area of delamination and cracks. In addition, alkali metal ion leaching, dealumination, as well as the disappearance of some crystalline phases occurred in specimens immersed in both types of acids.
Topics: Acetic Acid; Alkalies; Coal Ash; Compressive Strength; Construction Materials; Sulfur
PubMed: 34845643
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17555-7 -
Plant Physiology and Biochemistry : PPB Oct 2021Acetic acid priming may mitigate salt stress to plants by modulating lipid metabolism. Carex rigescens is a stress-tolerant turfgrass species with a widespread...
Acetic acid priming may mitigate salt stress to plants by modulating lipid metabolism. Carex rigescens is a stress-tolerant turfgrass species with a widespread distribution in north China. The objective of this study was to figure out whether modification of lipid profiles, including the contents, compositions and saturation levels of leaf lipids, may contribute to acetic acid modulated salt tolerance in C. rigescens. Plants of C. rigescens were primed with or without acetic acid (30 mM) and subsequently exposed to salt stress (300 mM NaCl) for 15 days. Salt stress affected the physiological performance of C. rigescens, while acetic acid-primed plants showed significantly lower malondialdehyde content, proline content, and electrolyte leakage than non-primed plants under salt stress. Acetic acid priming enhanced the contents of phospholipids and glycolipids involved in membrane stabilization and stress signaling (phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, digalactosyl diacylglycerol, monogalactosyl diacylglycerol, and sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol), reduced the content of toxic lipid intermediates (free fatty acids) during subsequent exposure to salt stress. Furthermore, expression levels of genes involved in lipid metabolism such as CK and PLDα changed due to acetic acid priming. These results demonstrated that acetic acid priming could enhance salt tolerance of C. rigescens by regulating lipid metabolism. The lipids could be used as biomarkers to select for salt-tolerant grass germplasm.
Topics: Acetic Acid; Carex Plant; Lipidomics; Salt Stress; Salt Tolerance; Stress, Physiological
PubMed: 34488152
DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.08.045 -
Physiologia Plantarum Mar 2023Drought is an important stress factor that limits plant growth and development. Female willows generally display stronger drought tolerance than males. The application...
Drought is an important stress factor that limits plant growth and development. Female willows generally display stronger drought tolerance than males. The application of exogenous acetic acid (AA) has emerged as an efficient and eco-friendly approach to facilitate drought tolerance in willows. However, whether AA exerts sexually different effects on willows remains undefined. In this study, we comprehensively performed morphological and physiological analyses on three willow species, Salix rehderiana, Salix babylonica, and Salix matsudana, to investigate the sexually different responses to drought and AA. The results indicated that willow females were more drought-tolerant than males. AA application effectively enhanced willows' drought tolerance, and females applied with AA displayed greater root distribution and activity, stronger osmotic and antioxidant capacity and photosynthetic rate but less reactive oxygen species, or abscisic acid-mediated stomatal closure than males. In addition, AA application enhanced the jasmonic acid signaling pathway in females but inhibited it in males, conferring stronger drought defense capacity in female willows than in males. Overall, AA application improves drought tolerance more in female than in male willows, further enlarging the sexual differences in willows under drought-stressed conditions.
Topics: Salix; Drought Resistance; Acetic Acid; Antioxidants; Droughts
PubMed: 36917073
DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13890 -
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Jan 2023Industrial environments are frequently composed of potentially toxic and hazardous compounds. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are one of the most concerning categories...
Industrial environments are frequently composed of potentially toxic and hazardous compounds. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are one of the most concerning categories of analytes commonly existent in the indoor air of factories' facilities. The sources of VOCs in the industrial context are abundant and a vast range of human health conditions and pathologies are known to be caused by both short- and long-term exposures. Hence, accurate and rapid detection, identification, and quantification of VOCs in industrial environments are mandatory issues. This work demonstrates that graphene oxide (GO) thin films can be used to distinguish acetic acid, ethanol, isopropanol, and methanol, major analytes for the field of industrial air quality, using the electronic nose concept based on impedance spectra measurements. The data were treated by principal component analysis. The sensor consists of polyethyleneimine (PEI) and GO layer-by-layer films deposited on ceramic supports coated with gold interdigitated electrodes. The electrical characterization of this sensor in the presence of the VOCs allows the identification of acetic acid in the concentration range from 24 to 120 ppm, and of ethanol, isopropanol, and methanol in a concentration range from 18 to 90 ppm, respectively. Moreover, the results allows the quantification of acetic acid, ethanol, and isopropanol concentrations with sensitivity values of (3.03±0.12)∗104, (-1.15±0.19)∗104, and (-1.1±0.50)∗104 mL, respectively. The resolution of this sensor to detect the different analytes is lower than 0.04 ppm, which means it is an interesting sensor for use as an electronic nose for the detection of VOCs.
Topics: Humans; Acetic Acid; Methanol; 2-Propanol; Ethanol; Volatile Organic Compounds
PubMed: 36617058
DOI: 10.3390/s23010462 -
Environmental Technology Feb 2023In this paper, the acidified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) film was coated on the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) to prepare a high-performance sensor for the...
In this paper, the acidified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) film was coated on the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) to prepare a high-performance sensor for the real-time detection of organic acid gases. The material characteristics of the thin films were analysed by field emission scanning electro microscopy (FESEM), Raman spectra and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The organic acid vapours' sensing results indicated that acidized-MWCNTs thin film exhibited good frequency response, repeatability, reversibility and stability. There is a clear linear relationship between the frequency offset and the organic acid vapours with concentration below 5.0 ppm, and the detection limit of 0.77 and 0.73 ppm for formic and acetic acid vapours, respectively. The sensor shows the highest response to formic acid vapour than acetic acid vapour which may be ascribed to molecular polarity. Furthermore, a sensing mechanism model was introduced to understand the adsorption reaction between organic acid molecules and acidized-MWCNTs. This paper proves that acidized-MWCNTs is a potential and suitable material for organic acid vapour detection when combined with a QCM sensor.
Topics: Gases; Nanotubes, Carbon; Acetic Acid; Quartz Crystal Microbalance Techniques
PubMed: 34582318
DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.1983025 -
Water Research Aug 2023In this study, a novel water treatment process combining permanganate (Mn(VII)) and peracetic acid (PAA, CHC(O)OOH) was employed to degrade sulfamethazine (SMT), a...
In this study, a novel water treatment process combining permanganate (Mn(VII)) and peracetic acid (PAA, CHC(O)OOH) was employed to degrade sulfamethazine (SMT), a typical model contaminant. Simultaneous application of Mn(VII) and a small amount of PAA resulted in much faster oxidation of organics than a single oxidant. Interestingly, coexistent acetic acid played a crucial role in SMT degradation, while background hydrogen peroxide (HO) had a negligible effect. However, compared with acetic acid, PAA could better improve the oxidation performance of Mn(VII) and accelerate the removal of SMT more significantly. The mechanism of SMT degradation by Mn(VII)-PAA process was systematically evaluated. Firstly, based on the quenching experiments, electron spin resonance (EPR) results and UV-visible spectrum, singlet oxygen (O), Mn(III) and MnO colloids were the predominant active substances, while organic radicals (R-O) showed negligible contribution. Then, the decay of Mn(VII) in the presence of PAA and HO was investigated. It was found that the coexisting HO accounted for almost all the decay of Mn(VII), PAA and acetic acid both had low reactivity toward Mn(VII). During the degradation process, acetic acid was able to acidify Mn(VII) and simultaneously acted as a ligand to form reactive complexes, while PAA mainly played a role of spontaneously decomposing to produce O, they jointly promoted the mineralization of SMT. Finally, the degradation intermediates of SMT and their toxicities were analyzed. This paper reported the Mn(VII)-PAA water treatment process for the first time, which provided a promising approach for rapid decontamination of refractory organics-polluted water.
Topics: Oxides; Manganese Compounds; Peracetic Acid; Sulfamethazine; Hydrogen Peroxide; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Oxidation-Reduction; Acetic Acid
PubMed: 37413749
DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120298