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Current Allergy and Asthma Reports Apr 2016Rhinosinusitis is a commonly diagnosed disease in the USA. Rhinosinusitis is classified as acute, recurrent, or chronic (with or without nasal polyps). While acute... (Review)
Review
Rhinosinusitis is a commonly diagnosed disease in the USA. Rhinosinusitis is classified as acute, recurrent, or chronic (with or without nasal polyps). While acute rhinosinusitis is diagnosed by history and physical examination, chronic rhinosinusitis and recurrent acute rhinosinusitis are diagnosed based on symptoms and the presence of disease on either a sinus CT scan and/or endoscopy. Management of uncomplicated acute rhinosinusitis includes analgesics, saline irrigation, and/or intranasal steroids. Antibiotics and intranasal steroids are recommended for acute bacterial rhinosinusitis. Intranasal and oral steroids with antibiotics are recommended to treat chronic rhinosinusitis although the evidence for antibiotics is weak. Biologics such as omalizumab and mepolizumab are being investigated for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Surgery may be indicated in management of refractory chronic rhinosinusitis and rarely for acute bacterial rhinosinusitis. This review discusses highlights of the updated 2014 practice parameter and up-to-date evidence from other literature sources.
Topics: Acute Disease; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Bacterial Infections; Chronic Disease; Endoscopy; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Omalizumab; Rhinitis; Sinusitis; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 26949223
DOI: 10.1007/s11882-016-0607-8 -
Vestnik Otorinolaringologii 2021To analyze and summarize data on terminology, etiology, diagnostic criteria for acute sinusitis.
OBJECTIVE
To analyze and summarize data on terminology, etiology, diagnostic criteria for acute sinusitis.
DATA SOURCES
Publications (articles and related abstracts) submitted to the PubMed database. The choice of material was carried out, according to the keywords: cold, acute viral sinusitis, acute bacterial sinusitis, post-viral sinusitis, acute respiratory viral infection, diagnosis of acute sinusitis.
RESULTS
The published research results indicate the existence of certain disagreements regarding the terminology, diagnostic criteria, indications for diagnostic studies in acute sinusitis. The data on the etiology, pathogenesis, and diagnostic features of acute sinusitis are presented in the current guidelines, reviews and publications of the results of clinical trials.
Topics: Acute Disease; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Infections; Humans; Respiratory Tract Infections; Sinusitis; Virus Diseases
PubMed: 34269028
DOI: 10.17116/otorino20218603172 -
American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy Jan 2023Acute invasive fungal sinusitis (AIFS) is an aggressive and dangerous disease of the paranasal sinuses with high morbidity and mortality. The immune response at the...
BACKGROUND
Acute invasive fungal sinusitis (AIFS) is an aggressive and dangerous disease of the paranasal sinuses with high morbidity and mortality. The immune response at the level of the nasal mucosa, the site of entry, has not been previously evaluated.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate differential gene expression in the sinonasal mucosa of AIFS patients as compared to control patients using RNA sequencing.
METHODS
Sinonasal tissue samples were prospectively obtained from consenting patients undergoing surgery between November, 2020 and November, 2021. RNA extraction and sequencing were performed and differential expression was analyzed to detect transcriptional differences between patient groups.
RESULTS
Tissue samples were collected from 4 patients with active AIFS diagnoses, 2 patients with recovered AIFS, 1 patient with a diagnosis of non-invasive fungal ball, and 4 healthy controls. 255 genes were differentially expressed in AIFS patients as compared to control patients. Specific Gene Ontology (GO) biological processes that were identified as differentially expressed in AIFS patients as compared to controls included the following: 1. GO:0007155 (cell adhesion), 2. GO:0030199 (collagen fibril organization) and 3. GO:0001525 (angiogenesis).
CONCLUSION
Transcriptional differences were noted between AIFS and control patients in sinonasal tissue samples. Future work is necessary to determine causes of the differential gene expressions between AIFS and control patients, specifically those who are immunosuppressed, or with preexisting non-invasive forms of fungal sinusitis, to guide treatment and prevention strategies.
Topics: Humans; Gene Ontology; Sinusitis; Paranasal Sinuses; Nasal Mucosa; Sequence Analysis, RNA
PubMed: 36285477
DOI: 10.1177/19458924221134732 -
International Forum of Allergy &... Sep 2023Acute invasive fungal sinusitis (AIFS) is an aggressive disease that requires prompt diagnosis and multidisciplinary treatment given its rapid progression. However,... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Acute invasive fungal sinusitis (AIFS) is an aggressive disease that requires prompt diagnosis and multidisciplinary treatment given its rapid progression. However, there is currently no consensus on diagnosis, prognosis, and management strategies for AIFS, with multiple modalities routinely employed. The purpose of this multi-institutional and multidisciplinary evidence-based review with recommendations (EBRR) is to thoroughly review the literature on AIFS, summarize the existing evidence, and provide recommendations on the management of AIFS.
METHODS
The PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were systematically reviewed from inception through January 2022. Studies evaluating management for orbital, non-sinonasal head and neck, and intracranial manifestations of AIFS were included. An iterative review process was utilized in accordance with EBRR guidelines. Levels of evidence and recommendations on management principles for AIFS were generated.
RESULTS
A review and evaluation of published literature was performed on 12 topics surrounding AIFS (signs and symptoms, laboratory and microbiology diagnostics, endoscopy, imaging, pathology, surgery, medical therapy, management of extrasinus extension, reversing immunosuppression, and outcomes and survival). The aggregate quality of evidence was varied across reviewed domains.
CONCLUSION
Based on the currently available evidence, judicious utilization of a combination of history and physical examination, laboratory and histopathologic techniques, and endoscopy provide the cornerstone for accurate diagnosis of AIFS. In addition, AIFS is optimally managed by a multidisciplinary team via a combination of surgery (including resection whenever possible), antifungal therapy, and correcting sources of immunosuppression. Higher quality (i.e., prospective) studies are needed to better define the roles of each modality and determine diagnosis and treatment algorithms.
Topics: Humans; Prospective Studies; Invasive Fungal Infections; Acute Disease; Prognosis; Sinusitis
PubMed: 36680469
DOI: 10.1002/alr.23132 -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Apr 2022Subperiosteal orbital abscess is a complication of acute bacterial sinusitis. In this review, we summarise the theoretical background and highlight the importance of a... (Review)
Review
Subperiosteal orbital abscess is a complication of acute bacterial sinusitis. In this review, we summarise the theoretical background and highlight the importance of a fast diagnostic workup. The treatment of acute sinusitis with involvement of an eye is antibiotic therapy and daily evaluation by both an ophtalmologist and a rhinologist. In case of clinical stagnation and/or formation of an abscess, surgery is the treatment of choice.
Topics: Abscess; Acute Disease; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Drainage; Humans; Orbital Diseases; Sinusitis
PubMed: 35485791
DOI: No ID Found -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2019Acute exacerbations of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) have been increasingly recognized as an important disease entity with a significant impact on the quality of life.... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Acute exacerbations of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) have been increasingly recognized as an important disease entity with a significant impact on the quality of life. There is a growing amount of research on the etiopathogenesis and management of acute exacerbations of CRS. This review aims to summarize the current literature and provide an overall understanding of acute CRS exacerbations. A related literature review with the key terms of "chronic rhinosinusitis" and "exacerbation" was performed using PubMed. There is no consensus definition of the acute exacerbation of CRS. Impaired mucociliary clearance, atrophic rhinitis, and immunologic changes are important predisposing factors for acute CRS exacerbations. Current evidence supports the role of the transient viral infection as the initial inflammatory stimulus in the pathogenesis of acute CRS exacerbations. Secondary bacterial infection or microbial community dysbiosis within the sinonasal cavity is the main event during the acute exacerbation of CRS. Distinct changes in local and systemic immune responses during exacerbation provide new insights into the pathophysiology of CRS exacerbation. Although current guidelines suggest the use of short-term antibiotics in patients with acute CRS exacerbation for symptomatic relief, evidence-based treatment recommendations for acute CRS exacerbation are still lacking, and large-high-quality RCTs are required. There have been significant advances in understanding the etiology and immunological feathers of acute CRS exacerbation. Nevertheless, consensus definition, diagnostic criterion, biomarkers to differentiate acute CRS exacerbation from CRS, assessment of disease severity, and evidence-based treatment options for acute CRS exacerbation are still lacking.
Topics: Acute Disease; Chronic Disease; Disease Progression; Disease Susceptibility; Humans; Rhinitis; Risk Factors; Sinusitis
PubMed: 31867289
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00415 -
Head and Neck Pathology Mar 2016Fungal rhinosinusitis (FRS) comprises a spectrum of disease processes that vary in clinical presentation, histologic appearances, and biological significance. FRS can be... (Review)
Review
Fungal rhinosinusitis (FRS) comprises a spectrum of disease processes that vary in clinical presentation, histologic appearances, and biological significance. FRS can be acute or chronic and is most commonly classified as non-invasive or invasive based on whether fungi have invaded into tissue. This manuscript will review the pathologic classification of FRS.
Topics: Humans; Mycoses; Rhinitis; Sinusitis
PubMed: 26830404
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-016-0690-0 -
Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica :... Feb 2015A growing amount of scientific evidence suggests that herbal medicine may be helpful as an adjuvant treatment in rhinosinusitis. Herein, we systematically review and... (Review)
Review
A growing amount of scientific evidence suggests that herbal medicine may be helpful as an adjuvant treatment in rhinosinusitis. Herein, we systematically review and determine the role, efficacy and safety of phytotherapy in the treatment of acute and chronic rhinosinusitis and establish the qualities of herbal drugs as demonstrated by in vitro and in vivo experiments. Eligible studies published in English or German from January 1990 until June 2014 were identified via electronic database searches. Keywords were: sinusitis, phytotherapy, phytomedicine and herbal drugs. Additional studies were obtained through the references of selected articles. Twenty-two articles met inclusion criteria. Overall, the publications indicated that herbal medicines can have mucolytic, antiviral, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and secretolytic effects in experimental animals. Phytotherapy has also been found to be efficacious in reducing the symptoms of acute and chronic rhinosinusitis in children and the adult population in vivo, demonstrating a high level of tolerability and safety. Herbal products developed using phytoneering techniques have shown improvements in performance compared with previous formulations. The current literature suggests that phytotherapy is an effective and safe form of ancillary treatment for rhinosinusitis. In particular, herbal drugs made with the technique of phytoneering have proven effective in acute rhinosinusitis.
Topics: Acute Disease; Humans; Phytotherapy; Rhinitis; Sinusitis
PubMed: 26015644
DOI: No ID Found -
Canadian Association of Radiologists... May 2017The interaction between fungi and the sinonasal tract results in a range of clinical presentations with a broad spectrum of clinical severity. The most commonly accepted... (Review)
Review
The interaction between fungi and the sinonasal tract results in a range of clinical presentations with a broad spectrum of clinical severity. The most commonly accepted classification system divides fungal rhinosinusitis into invasive and noninvasive subtypes based on histopathological evidence of tissue invasion by fungi. Invasive fungal rhinosinusitis is subdivided into acute invasive and chronic invasive categories. The chronic invasive category includes a subcategory of chronic granulomatous disease. Noninvasive fungal disease includes localized fungal colonization, fungal ball, and allergic fungal rhinosinusitis. Noninvasive disease is simply fungal material (or the products of the inflammatory reaction of the sinus mucosa) that fills the sinuses but does not invade tissue. Bone loss is related to expansion of the sinus(es). Invasive disease causes tissue destruction, such that it expands past the bony confines of the sinuses. It can rapidly spread, causing acute necrosis. Alternatively, there may be slow tissue invasion characterized by symptoms confused with normal sinusitis, but destruction of normal nasal and paranasal structures.
Topics: Humans; Intraoperative Period; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Mycoses; Rhinitis; Sinusitis; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 28438285
DOI: 10.1016/j.carj.2016.12.009 -
JAMA Nov 2023
Topics: Child; Humans; Acute Disease; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Sinusitis
PubMed: 37988091
DOI: 10.1001/jama.2023.18836