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The Journal of Emergency Medicine Apr 2019
Topics: Acetaminophen; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Arthus Reaction; Child; Cyproheptadine; Diphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis Vaccines; Emergency Service, Hospital; Exanthema; Fever; Glucocorticoids; Histamine H1 Antagonists; Humans; Immunization; Male; Methylprednisolone
PubMed: 30826085
DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2018.12.047 -
Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease 2023
Topics: Humans; Arthus Reaction; Vaccines; Vaccination; Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems; Immunization
PubMed: 37797703
DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2023.102647 -
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics 2019The Arthus reaction is a rare adverse reaction that usually occurs after vaccination with large and more severe local reactions, belonging to type Ⅲ hypersensitivity... (Review)
Review
The Arthus reaction is a rare adverse reaction that usually occurs after vaccination with large and more severe local reactions, belonging to type Ⅲ hypersensitivity reaction. This reaction is characterized by pain, swelling, induration (Tissue that becomes firm) and edema, even accompanied by severe necrosis or ulceration at the injection sites. However, most of mild cases generally can be cured without treatment, and only severe cases need to be treated with anti-allergy. Therefore, this adverse reaction is often ignored by people.We searched PubMed, Web of Science and Chinese database (CNKI database and Wan Fang database) for published studies using the terms "Arthus reaction" or "Arthus phenomenon", combined with "vaccine", with no date or language restrictions for all publications before January 28, 2019. Only 30 cases of Arthus reaction were found, of which only one case died.4 cases of Arthus reaction post-dose-1 were reported in the review. The proportion of Arthus reaction occurred after the first, second and third injections in those case reports was 13.3%, 50.0%, and 23.3%, respectively. Arthus reaction was determined according to the clinical symptoms (The symptoms which were observed by the researchers, such as red, swelling and painful with itching at or around the injection sites). The specific causes of Arthus reaction after one dose of vaccination are not described in detail in literatures. Therefore, it could be hypothesized that the case has a pre-existing specific IgG (Such as pre-existing antibody, etc.) to cause the Arthus reaction.And 17 reported cases were observed in children younger than 6 y. In addition, we collected only 18 cases of bacterial vaccine-induced Arthus reaction and 12 cases of viral vaccines. However, there are no other data (Such as the total number and incidence rate of vaccination) in literatures, so we cannot compare statistically significant differences. At presents, no previous reviews of vaccine-induced Arthus reaction have been found. Thus, a systematic review about vaccine-associated Arthus reaction is urgently needed to deepen people's understanding and concern of this phenomenon. In this manuscript, we retrospectively reviewed the description of the discovery process and mechanisms of Arthus reaction, a description of the characteristics of Arthus reaction cases, reporting the Arthus reaction cases in China during 2010-2015, diagnostic criteria and general treatment, preventive measures of Arthus reaction, and challenges remaining to be investigated in the future.
Topics: Arthus Reaction; China; Humans; Retrospective Studies; Vaccination; Vaccines
PubMed: 30945978
DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2019.1602435 -
Vaccines Jul 2020Repeat administration of tetanus toxoid-containing vaccines has rarely been associated with Arthus phenomenon, an immune-complex reaction. In the US, since 2013, tetanus... (Review)
Review
Repeat administration of tetanus toxoid-containing vaccines has rarely been associated with Arthus phenomenon, an immune-complex reaction. In the US, since 2013, tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis vaccines (Tdap) have been recommended for administration during each pregnancy. Separately, in 2019, one Tdap was approved for repeat administration in adults in the US. We aimed to describe trends in spontaneously reported Arthus reactions following Tdap in the US and to assess the risk of this phenomenon in persons receiving Tdap repeatedly. We reviewed Arthus reports in the Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System (VAERS), 1990-2018. Reporting rates were estimated using Tdap doses distributed data. A systematic literature review was conducted in MEDLINE for any Arthus cases reported in Tdap clinical trials and observational studies published between 2000 and 2019. We found 192 Arthus reports in VAERS after any vaccine, of which 36 occurred after Tdap and none were reported during pregnancy. The Arthus reporting rate was estimated at 0.1 per million doses distributed. We identified eight published studies of Tdap administration within five years after a previous dose of tetanus toxoid-containing vaccine; no Arthus cases were reported. We conclude that Arthus reaction following Tdap is extremely rare. Increasing frequency of repeat Tdap administration in adults in the US did not result in a detectable increase in reporting rates of this phenomenon, confirming the favorable safety profile of Tdap.
PubMed: 32674495
DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8030385 -
Metabolites Aug 2023Pteropodine (PT) is a component of some plants with potentially useful pharmacological activities for humans. This compound has biomedical properties related to the...
Pteropodine (PT) is a component of some plants with potentially useful pharmacological activities for humans. This compound has biomedical properties related to the modulation of the immune system, nervous system, and inflammatory processes. This study addresses the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacity of pteropodin in a murine model of arthritis and induced edema of the mouse ear. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity, we used the reversed passive Arthus reaction (RPAR), which includes the rat paw edema test, the rat pleurisy test, and a mouse ear edema model. The antioxidant effect of PT was evaluated by determining the myeloperoxidase enzyme activity. PT showed an anti-inflammatory effect in the different specific and non-specific tests. We found a 51, 66 and 70% inhibitory effect of 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg of PT, respectively, in the rat paw edema test. In the pleurisy assay, 40 mg/kg of PT induced a low neutrophil count (up to 36%) when compared to the negative control group, and 20 mg/kg of PT increased the content of lymphocytes by up to 28% and the pleural exudate volume decreased by 52% when compared to the negative control group, respectively. We also found an 81.4% inflammatory inhibition of the edema ear with 0.04 mg/ear of PT, and a significant myeloperoxidase enzyme inhibition by the three doses of PT tested. We conclude that PT exerted a potent anti-inflammatory effect in the acute inflammation model in rodents.
PubMed: 37623851
DOI: 10.3390/metabo13080907 -
The Veterinary Clinics of North... Mar 2018Vaccines are important for providing protection from infectious diseases. Vaccination initiates a process that stimulates development of a robust and long-lived immune... (Review)
Review
Vaccines are important for providing protection from infectious diseases. Vaccination initiates a process that stimulates development of a robust and long-lived immune response to the disease agents in the vaccine. Side effects are sometimes associated with vaccination. These vary from development of acute hypersensitivity responses to vaccine components to local tissue reactions that are annoying but not significantly detrimental to the patient. The pathogenesis of these responses and the consequent clinical outcomes are discussed. Overstimulation of the immune response and the potential relationship to autoimmunity is evaluated in relation to genetic predisposition.
Topics: Anaphylaxis; Animals; Arthus Reaction; Autoimmunity; Cat Diseases; Cats; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Fibrosarcoma; Horse Diseases; Horses; Immunity, Herd; Immunoglobulin E; Vaccination; Vaccines
PubMed: 29195924
DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2017.10.005 -
Archives of Razi Institute Oct 2022causes a wide variety of infectious diseases. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a large heat-stable polymer that is gram-negative bacteria's major outer membrane component,...
causes a wide variety of infectious diseases. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a large heat-stable polymer that is gram-negative bacteria's major outer membrane component, accounting for roughly 75% of the surface area and 5-10% of the total dry weight. Therefore the current study was carried out to investigate the immunomodulatory effect of purified lipopolysaccharide produced from local clinical isolates compared with ZnO-NPs and LPS-ZnO NPs. To do the experimental evaluations 35, Balb/c mouse was injected intramuscularly (i.m.) with different concentrations of the purified LPS, ZnoNPs and LPS-ZnoNPs for 12 days and immunized with 10% SRBCs (i.p) on day 4 and 8 of the schedule, while suspension and normal saline for positive and negative control groups. Focus on estimating body weight before and after treatment, Arthus and delayed-type hypersensitivity, and detecting serum level of cytokines (TLR-2, IL1Beta, IL4, and IL10) using sandwich ELISA. The data showed the highest value before and after treatment with LPS-ZnO NPs recorded in 2µg/mouse was 27. 92±1.48 and 31.50±0.4, respectively. In Arthurs reaction and Delayed type hypersensitivity, the highest results showed in the positive control group injected with 4.08±0.17 and 4.86±80.02, respectively. The results of TLR-2 showed the highest value in the positive control group, 242.17±3.98 pg/ml, followed by Group LPS at 135.51.58 pg/ml. The results of Interleukin-1Beta showed the highest value in the positive control group, 254.88±3.51 pg/ml, followed by Group LPS 174.3± 1.46 pg/ml. The concentration of IL-4 in serum of treated albino mice showed the highest value in the positive control group, 136.2±1.12 pg/ml, followed by Group LPS 86.12±1.49 pg/ml. While the highest value of IL-10 was recorded in the positive control group, 98.58± 4.09 pg/ml, followed by Group LPS- ZnoNP in concentration 4µg/ mouse was 86.018±0.69 pg/ml. The results of the statistical analysis showed a significant difference (≤0.05) between LPS, ZnoNPs, and LPs-ZnoNPs treated groups and control groups (positive & negative). In the present study, we can conclude that LPS-ZnO NPs had a positive immunomodulatory effect on immune response in immunized mice. As shown in the results of the level of IL-1 beta, IL-4, IL-10, and TLRs-2, Abs titer, and Arthus and DTH reactions.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Zinc Oxide; Lipopolysaccharides; Interleukin-10; Toll-Like Receptor 2; Interleukin-4; Nanoparticles; Immunity
PubMed: 37123110
DOI: 10.22092/ARI.2022.358493.2233 -
Journal of Dermatological Science Jul 2019Local type III hypersensitivity reactions are acute inflammatory events induced by immune complex (IC) deposition. CD22 and CD72 are B cell-specific cell surface...
BACKGROUND
Local type III hypersensitivity reactions are acute inflammatory events induced by immune complex (IC) deposition. CD22 and CD72 are B cell-specific cell surface molecules that negatively regulate B cell function.
OBJECTIVE
To elucidate the roles of CD22 and CD72 in the development of IgG-mediated type III hypersensitivity reactions.
METHOD
The reverse Arthus reaction model in the skin was induced in mice lacking CD22 (CD22), CD72 (CD72), and both of them (CD22/CD72). Edema at 4h and hemorrhage at 8h after IC challenge were evaluated. Inflammatory cell infiltration and cytokine and chemokine expression were also examined.
RESULTS
Edema and hemorrhage were significantly reduced in CD22/CD72 mice compared with wild-type mice. The loss of both membrane proteins resulted in a greater decrease in edema at 4h, but not hemorrhage at 8h, than the loss of each protein alone. Infiltration of neutrophils, macrophages, and T cells, and the expression of TNF-α, IL-6, MIP-1α, and CCR5 mRNA were also diminished in the knockout mice compared to wild-type mice, and most significantly reduced in CD22/CD72 mice. Regulatory T (Treg) cells in the spleen were significantly increased in all knockout mice at 4h. Significant differences in the severity of edema and hemorrhage between wild-type and knockout mice were lost when Treg cells were depleted in the knockout mice.
CONCLUSION
These results demonstrate that CD22 and CD72 expression contribute to the development of the reverse Arthus reaction model and CD22 and CD72 might be therapeutic targets for human IC-mediated diseases.
Topics: Animals; Antigen-Antibody Complex; Antigens, CD; Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte; Arthus Reaction; Biopsy; Injections, Intradermal; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 2; Skin
PubMed: 31262443
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2019.06.005 -
Platelets May 2020In recent years, accumulating evidence has indicated that platelets continuously repair vascular damage at sites of inflammation and/or infection. Studies in mouse... (Review)
Review
In recent years, accumulating evidence has indicated that platelets continuously repair vascular damage at sites of inflammation and/or infection. Studies in mouse models of inflammation have highlighted the fact that the mechanisms underlying bleeding prevention by platelets in inflamed organs can substantially differ from those supporting primary hemostasis following tail tip transection or thrombus formation in models of thrombosis. As a consequence, exploration of the hemostatic function of platelets in inflammation, as well as assessment of the risk of inflammation-induced bleeding associated with a platelet deficit and/or the use of anti-thrombotic drugs, require the use of dedicated experimental models. In the present review, we present the pros and cons of the cutaneous reversed passive Arthus reaction, a model of inflammation which has been instrumental in studying how inflammation causes vascular injury and how platelets continuously intervene to repair it. The limitations and common issues encountered when working with mouse models of inflammation for investigating platelet functions in inflammation are also discussed.
Topics: Animals; Arthus Reaction; Blood Platelets; Disease Models, Animal; Hemorrhage; Hemostasis; Inflammation; Mice; Thrombosis
PubMed: 32105152
DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2020.1732325