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The Australian and New Zealand Journal... Jan 2017
Topics: Depressive Disorder; Humans; Practice Guidelines as Topic
PubMed: 28030980
DOI: 10.1177/0004867416684554 -
The World Journal of Biological... Aug 2018
Topics: Antidepressive Agents; Depressive Disorder; Humans
PubMed: 29938569
DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2018.1485832 -
Therapeutische Umschau. Revue... Aug 2021Post stroke depression Post stroke depression is a common psychiatric disorder after a cerebrovascular insult. It effects the outcome of the rehabilitation after the...
Post stroke depression Post stroke depression is a common psychiatric disorder after a cerebrovascular insult. It effects the outcome of the rehabilitation after the stroke and leads to an increased mortality. The symptomatic description of the depressive symptoms is done according to the ICD-10 criteria. The following article aims to provide an overview of the etiologic theories, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic strategies regarding PSD.
Topics: Depression; Depressive Disorder; Humans; Stroke
PubMed: 34291664
DOI: 10.1024/0040-5930/a001274 -
BMC Surgery Feb 2016The interaction of depression and anesthesia and surgery may result in significant increases in morbidity and mortality of patients. Major depressive disorder is a... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The interaction of depression and anesthesia and surgery may result in significant increases in morbidity and mortality of patients. Major depressive disorder is a frequent complication of surgery, which may lead to further morbidity and mortality.
LITERATURE SEARCH
Several electronic data bases, including PubMed, were searched pairing "depression" with surgery, postoperative complications, postoperative cognitive impairment, cognition disorder, intensive care unit, mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.
REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
The suppression of the immune system in depressive disorders may expose the patients to increased rates of postoperative infections and increased mortality from cancer. Depression is commonly associated with cognitive impairment, which may be exacerbated postoperatively. There is evidence that acute postoperative pain causes depression and depression lowers the threshold for pain. Depression is also a strong predictor and correlate of chronic post-surgical pain. Many studies have identified depression as an independent risk factor for development of postoperative delirium, which may be a cause for a long and incomplete recovery after surgery. Depression is also frequent in intensive care unit patients and is associated with a lower health-related quality of life and increased mortality. Depression and anxiety have been widely reported soon after coronary artery bypass surgery and remain evident one year after surgery. They may increase the likelihood for new coronary artery events, further hospitalizations and increased mortality. Morbidly obese patients who undergo bariatric surgery have an increased risk of depression. Postoperative depression may also be associated with less weight loss at one year and longer. The extent of preoperative depression in patients scheduled for lumbar discectomy is a predictor of functional outcome and patient's dissatisfaction, especially after revision surgery. General postoperative mortality is increased.
CONCLUSIONS
Depression is a frequent cause of morbidity in surgery patients suffering from a wide range of conditions. Depression may be identified through the use of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 or similar instruments. Counseling interventions may be useful in ameliorating depression, but should be subject to clinical trials.
Topics: Critical Care; Delirium; Depressive Disorder; Humans; Pain, Postoperative; Risk Factors
PubMed: 26830195
DOI: 10.1186/s12893-016-0120-y -
Actas Espanolas de Psiquiatria Sep 2015Cognitive impairments are core symptoms of depressive disorders. We assess the systematic reviews and meta-analysis studies published over the last 10 years (2004-2014)... (Review)
Review
Cognitive impairments are core symptoms of depressive disorders. We assess the systematic reviews and meta-analysis studies published over the last 10 years (2004-2014) that address cognitive performance of depressed patients and taking into account age; clinical and demographic features; symptom severity; number of previous episodes; clinical remission; depressive subtypes and pharmacological treatment. Twelve (12) papers were included after search in international databases. In first episode depression the cognitive domains affected were psychomotor speed, attention, visual learning and memory as well as executive functions. Depressive patients in remission phase improved their performance in attention tasks although they did not achieve similar performance levels as healthy controls. Melancholic patients seem to have a different pattern of cognitive impairment compared with non-melancholic depressive patients. Patients treated with the current antidepressants perform worse in inhibition tasks, verbal fluency, and working memory scores as well as on composite scores of visual and verbal working memory. Future research should study longitudinal outcome and clinical relevance of cognitive symptoms, determine their underlying etiopathogenesis and how they impact on clinical functioning. Specifically, it would be important to analyze the ability of the new antidepressant drugs to improve affective symptoms as well as cognitive dysfunctions.
Topics: Cognitive Dysfunction; Depressive Disorder; Humans; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Review Literature as Topic
PubMed: 26320897
DOI: No ID Found -
Biological Psychiatry Feb 2015Depression is a multifactorial disorder with clinically heterogeneous features involving disturbances of mood and cognitive function. Noninvasive neuroimaging studies... (Review)
Review
Depression is a multifactorial disorder with clinically heterogeneous features involving disturbances of mood and cognitive function. Noninvasive neuroimaging studies have provided rich evidence that these behavioral deficits in depression are associated with structural and functional abnormalities in specific regions and connections. Recent advances in brain connectomics through the use of graph theory highlight disrupted topological organization of large-scale functional and structural brain networks in depression, involving global topology (e.g., local clustering, shortest-path lengths, and global and local efficiencies), modular structure, and network hubs. These system-level disruptions show important correlates with genetic and environmental factors, which provide an integrative perspective on mood and cognitive deficits in depressive syndrome. Moreover, research suggests that the pathologic networks associated with depression represent potentially valuable biomarkers for early detection of this disorder and they are likely to be regulated and recalibrated by using pharmacologic, psychological, and brain stimulation therapies. These connectome-based imaging studies present new opportunities to reconceptualize the pathogenesis of depression, improve our knowledge of the biological mechanisms of therapeutic effects, and identify appropriate stimulation targets to optimize the clinical response in depression treatment. Here, we summarize the current findings and historical understanding of structural and functional connectomes in depression, focusing on graph analyses of depressive brain networks. We also consider methodological factors such as sample heterogeneity and poor test-retest reliability of recordings due to physiological, head motion, and imaging artifacts to discuss result inconsistencies among studies. We conclude with suggestions for future research directions on the emerging field of imaging connectomics in depression.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Connectome; Depressive Disorder; Humans; Neural Pathways; Neuroimaging
PubMed: 25444171
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.08.009 -
The Psychiatric Clinics of North America Jun 2023Major depressive disorder is a chronic and recurrent illness that affects 20% of adults during their lifetime and is one of the leading causes of suicide in the United... (Review)
Review
Major depressive disorder is a chronic and recurrent illness that affects 20% of adults during their lifetime and is one of the leading causes of suicide in the United States. A systematic measurement-based care approach is the essential first step in the diagnosis and management of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) by promptly identifying individuals with depression and avoiding delays in treatment initiation. As comorbidities may be associated with poorer outcomes to commonly used antidepressants and increase risk of drug-drug interactions, their recognition and treatment is an essential component of management of TRD.
Topics: Adult; Humans; United States; Depression; Depressive Disorder, Major; Antidepressive Agents; Comorbidity; Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant
PubMed: 37149343
DOI: 10.1016/j.psc.2023.02.011 -
Zeitschrift Fur Gerontologie Und... Jun 2015Depression and cognitive disorders, including dementia and mild cognitive impairment, are common disorders in old age. Depression is frequent in dementia, causing... (Review)
Review
Depression and cognitive disorders, including dementia and mild cognitive impairment, are common disorders in old age. Depression is frequent in dementia, causing distress, reducing the quality of life, exacerbating cognitive and functional impairment and increasing caregiver stress. Even mild levels of depression can significantly add to the functional impairment of dementia patients and the severity of psychopathological and neurological impairments increases with increasing severity of depression. Depressive symptoms may be both a risk factor for, as well as a prodrome of dementia. Major depressive syndrome of Alzheimer's disease may be among the most common mood disorders of older adults. Treating depression is therefore a key clinical priority to improve the quality of life both of people with dementia as well as their carergivers. Nonpharmacological approaches and watchful waiting should be attempted first in patients who present with mild to moderate depression and dementia. In cases of severe depression or depression not able to be managed through nonpharmacological means, antidepressant therapy should be considered.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Antidepressive Agents; Caregivers; Comorbidity; Cost of Illness; Cross-Sectional Studies; Depressive Disorder; Depressive Disorder, Major; Humans; Quality of Life
PubMed: 25962363
DOI: 10.1007/s00391-015-0898-8 -
International Review of Neurobiology 2017Depression and anxiety are some of the most common comorbidities arising in patients with Parkinson's disease. However, their timely recognition and diagnosis are often... (Review)
Review
Depression and anxiety are some of the most common comorbidities arising in patients with Parkinson's disease. However, their timely recognition and diagnosis are often hindered by overlap with other somatic features and a low rate of self-report. There is a need for greater awareness and for better assessment and treatment options are highly required. Currently available scales can serve as tools to monitor change over time and the effect of interventional strategies. Development of new therapeutic strategies, including nonpharmacological approaches such as transcranial magnetic stimulation and deep brain stimulation, may provide alternatives to currently available treatment approaches. In this chapter we will give an overview of the most recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of these important nonmotor symptoms.
Topics: Anxiety Disorders; Depressive Disorder; Humans; Parkinson Disease
PubMed: 28802935
DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2017.05.024 -
Issues in Mental Health Nursing Jan 2020
Topics: Depressive Disorder; Humans
PubMed: 31951802
DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2019.1685345