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Alcohol Research : Current Reviews Oct 2019Alcohol use disorder (AUD) and depressive disorders are among the most prevalent psychiatric disorders and co-occur more often than expected by chance. The aim of this... (Review)
Review
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) and depressive disorders are among the most prevalent psychiatric disorders and co-occur more often than expected by chance. The aim of this review is to characterize the prevalence, course, and treatment of co-occurring AUD and depressive disorders. Studies have indicated that the co-occurrence of AUD and depressive disorders is associated with greater severity and worse prognosis for both disorders. Both pharmacologic and behavioral treatments have demonstrated efficacy for this population. However, treatment response is somewhat modest, particularly for drinking outcomes, highlighting the importance of further research on the etiology and treatment of co-occurring AUD and depressive disorders. Key future directions include studies to understand the heterogeneity of both AUD and depressive disorders, research on novel treatment approaches to enhance outcomes, and better understanding of sex and gender differences.
Topics: Alcoholism; Comorbidity; Depressive Disorder; Humans; Prevalence; Prognosis
PubMed: 31649834
DOI: 10.35946/arcr.v40.1.01 -
CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics Jun 2021Depressive disorder is one of the most widespread forms of psychiatric pathology, worldwide. According to a report by the World Health Organization, the number of people... (Review)
Review
Depressive disorder is one of the most widespread forms of psychiatric pathology, worldwide. According to a report by the World Health Organization, the number of people with depression, globally, is increasing dramatically with each year. Previous studies have demonstrated that various factors, including genetics and environmental stress, contribute to the risk of depression. As such, it is crucial to develop a detailed understanding of the pathogenesis of depressive disorder and animal studies are essential for identifying the mechanisms and genetic disorders underlying depression. Recently, many researchers have reported on the pathology of depression via various models of depressive disorder. Given that different animal models of depression show differences in terms of patterns of depressive behavior and pathology, the comparison between depressive animal models is necessary for progress in the field of the depression study. However, the various animal models of depression have not been fully compared or evaluated until now. In this paper, we reviewed the pathophysiology of the depressive disorder and its current animal models with the analysis of their transcriptomic profiles. We provide insights for selecting different animal models for the study of depression.
Topics: Animals; Depressive Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Species Specificity
PubMed: 33650178
DOI: 10.1111/cns.13622 -
Current Neuropharmacology 2015
Review
Topics: Animals; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Humans; Sleep
PubMed: 26412067
DOI: 10.2174/1570159x1304150831123535 -
The New England Journal of Medicine Feb 2019A 45-year-old woman with hypothyroidism that has been treated with a stable dose of levothyroxine presents to her primary care provider with depressed mood, negative... (Review)
Review
A 45-year-old woman with hypothyroidism that has been treated with a stable dose of levothyroxine presents to her primary care provider with depressed mood, negative feelings about herself, poor sleep, low appetite, poor concentration, and lack of energy. These symptoms began several months ago during a conflict with her partner. Although she has been able to continue with work and life responsibilities, she feels sadness most days and occasionally thinks that she would be better off dead. How would you evaluate and treat this patient?
Topics: Antidepressive Agents; Combined Modality Therapy; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Depressive Disorder, Major; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Primary Health Care; Psychotherapy
PubMed: 30726688
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMcp1712493 -
Current Neurology and Neuroscience... Dec 2013Depressive disturbances are common in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and influence many other clinical aspects of the disease. In addition to causing inherent... (Review)
Review
Depressive disturbances are common in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and influence many other clinical aspects of the disease. In addition to causing inherent emotional distress, depressive disorders negatively impact quality of life, motor and cognitive deficits, functional disability, and other psychiatric comorbidities in patients with PD. Knowledge of the pathophysiology of PD depression remains limited. However, clinical studies demonstrate the efficacy of medications and psychotherapies for PD depression, underscoring the importance of their timely detection and concerted management.
Topics: Antidepressive Agents; Behavior Therapy; Depressive Disorder; Humans; Parkinson Disease
PubMed: 24190780
DOI: 10.1007/s11910-013-0409-5 -
Anaesthesia Apr 2021Perinatal mental illness is common, affecting up to 20% of women, but remains under-recognised and under-diagnosed. It may have adverse effects on pregnancy and neonatal... (Review)
Review
Perinatal mental illness is common, affecting up to 20% of women, but remains under-recognised and under-diagnosed. It may have adverse effects on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes, and mental disorder remains one of the leading causes of maternal death in the UK. Women with mental ill health face difficult decisions in balancing risks and benefits of treatment. Stigma related to mental disorder may lead to non-engagement with maternity care. Some disorders bring specific challenges for anaesthetists working in maternity settings and it is vital that anaesthetists have knowledge of these disorders so they may offer care which is sensitive and appropriate.
Topics: Antidepressive Agents; Anxiety Disorders; Depressive Disorder; Electroconvulsive Therapy; Female; Humans; Mental Disorders; Postpartum Period; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications
PubMed: 33682099
DOI: 10.1111/anae.15424 -
Psychiatria Danubina Sep 2018Guidelines for the management of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) do not meet the criteria of evidence-based medicine and better-quality research is required to... (Review)
Review
Guidelines for the management of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) do not meet the criteria of evidence-based medicine and better-quality research is required to inform clinical practice. Current treatments of resistant depression remains largely empirical. There are no bench-mark antidepressants. Clear and justifiable rationale should be followed while initiating new treatment strategies; systematic planning and careful monitoring of progress implemented while new treatment components are added. Biological psychiatrists should give due importance to the non-biological aspects of depression and psychotherapists should not overlook the biological correlates. Unidimensional solution will not work for a complex illness like refractory depression and a single answer should not be sought as a cure because the aetiology of depression is multifactorial and the pathophysiology itself remains unknown. Psychopharmacological interventions are still the main stay of treatment of TRD. There are two major alternatives to pharmacotherapy: neuromodulation and psychotherapy. Alternative terminologies for TRD like MTR-MDD (Multiple Therapy Resistant-Major Depressive Disorder) are being introduced reflecting the frustrations of clinicians and patients with the conventional definition of TRD and treatment modalities.
Topics: Antidepressive Agents; Combined Modality Therapy; Comorbidity; Depressive Disorder, Major; Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant; Electroconvulsive Therapy; Evidence-Based Medicine; Guideline Adherence; Humans; Patient Care Team; Psychotherapy; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 30267518
DOI: 10.24869/psyd.2018.273 -
Lancet (London, England) Mar 2012Unipolar depressive disorder in adolescence is common worldwide but often unrecognised. The incidence, notably in girls, rises sharply after puberty and, by the end of...
Unipolar depressive disorder in adolescence is common worldwide but often unrecognised. The incidence, notably in girls, rises sharply after puberty and, by the end of adolescence, the 1 year prevalence rate exceeds 4%. The burden is highest in low-income and middle-income countries. Depression is associated with substantial present and future morbidity, and heightens suicide risk. The strongest risk factors for depression in adolescents are a family history of depression and exposure to psychosocial stress. Inherited risks, developmental factors, sex hormones, and psychosocial adversity interact to increase risk through hormonal factors and associated perturbed neural pathways. Although many similarities between depression in adolescence and depression in adulthood exist, in adolescents the use of antidepressants is of concern and opinions about clinical management are divided. Effective treatments are available, but choices are dependent on depression severity and available resources. Prevention strategies targeted at high-risk groups are promising.
Topics: Adolescent; Depressive Disorder; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Incidence; Male; Prevalence; Risk Factors; United Kingdom; United States; Young Adult
PubMed: 22305766
DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60871-4 -
Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry :... 2015Several nutrition, food and dietary compounds have been suggested to be involved in the onset and maintenance of depressive disorders and in the severity of depressive... (Review)
Review
Several nutrition, food and dietary compounds have been suggested to be involved in the onset and maintenance of depressive disorders and in the severity of depressive symptoms. Nutritional compounds might modulate depression associated biomarkers and parallel the development of depression, obesity and diabetes. In this context, recent studies revealed new mediators of both energy homeostasis and mood changes (i.e. IGF-1, NPY, BDNF, ghrelin, leptin, CCK, GLP-1, AGE, glucose metabolism and microbiota) acting in gut brain circuits. In this context several healthy foods such as olive oil, fish, fruits, vegetables, nuts, legumes, poultry, dairy and unprocessed meat have been inversely associated with depression risk and even have been postulated to improve depressive symptoms. In contrast, unhealthy western dietary patterns including the consumption of sweetened beverage, refined food, fried food, processed meat, refined grain, and high fat diary, biscuits, snacking and pastries have been shown to be associated with an increased risk of depression in longitudinal studies. However, it is always difficult to conclude a real prospective causal relationship from these mostly retrospective studies as depressed individuals might also change their eating habits secondarily to their depression. Additionally specific selected nutritional compounds, e.g. calcium, chromium, folate, PUFAs, vitamin D, B12, zinc, magnesium and D-serine have been postulated to be used as ad-on strategies in antidepressant treatment. In this context, dietary and lifestyle interventions may be a desirable, effective, pragmatical and non-stigmatizing prevention and treatment strategy for depression. At last, several medications (pioglitazone, metformin, exenatide, atorvastatin, gram-negative antibiotics), which have traditionally been used to treat metabolic disorders showed a certain potential to treat depression in first randomized controlled clinical trials.
Topics: Antidepressive Agents; Biomarkers; Combined Modality Therapy; Depressive Disorder; Dietary Supplements; Energy Intake; Feeding Behavior; Health Behavior; Humans; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 26402520
DOI: 10.1159/000430229 -
Current Neuropharmacology 2021Multiple studies on the pathomechanisms of depressive disorder and antidepressants have been reported. However, literature involving scientometric analysis of depressive...
Multiple studies on the pathomechanisms of depressive disorder and antidepressants have been reported. However, literature involving scientometric analysis of depressive disorder is sparse. Here, we use scientometric analysis and a historical review to highlight recent research on depression. We use the former to examine research on depressive disorders from 1998 to 2018. The latter is used to identify the most frequent keywords in keyword analysis, as well as explore hotspots and depression trends. Scientometric analysis uncovered field distribution, knowledge structure, research topic evolution, and topics emergence as main explorations in depressive disorder. Induction factor, comorbidity, pathogenesis, therapy and animal models of depression help illustrate occurrence, development and treatment of depressive disorder. Scientometric analysis found 231,270 research papers on depression, a 4-fold increase over the last 20 years. These findings offer a vigorous roadmap for further studies in this field.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Bibliometrics; Depressive Disorder; Publications
PubMed: 32888272
DOI: 10.2174/1570159X18666200905151333