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Disability and Rehabilitation Jun 2019Existing research has explored the barriers and facilitators of physical activity participation for young people with disability from the perspective of young people and...
Barriers and facilitators to physical activity participation for children with physical disability: comparing and contrasting the views of children, young people, and their clinicians.
PURPOSE
Existing research has explored the barriers and facilitators of physical activity participation for young people with disability from the perspective of young people and their families. However, little research has investigated the views of clinicians who facilitate access to physical activity programs and compared this with their child client's perspectives.
METHOD
Interviews were conducted with six allied health and sports development professionals associated with a programme which supports access to recreation and sporting activities. Interviews explored facilitators and barriers to physical activity experienced by their clients. Open-ended survey questions investigating barriers and facilitators of physical activity participation were also completed by 28 young people with disability aged 10-17 years who were clients of this programme.
RESULTS
The most salient facilitator of participation described by clinicians was "planning programs to promote success and inclusion." Young people described two main facilitators; "the right people make physical activity fun!" and, similar to clinicians, "appropriate and inclusive opportunities to be active." The most salient barriers identified by clinicians were "practical limitations" and "time constraints and priorities," and a novel barrier raised was "whose choice?" The "lack of accessible and inclusive opportunities" was the most pertinent barrier for young people.
CONCLUSIONS
Clinicians should determine both parent and young person commitment to a physical activity before enrolment. Lack of commitment can act as a barrier to physical activity and a more appropriate intervention could focus on increasing awareness of the benefits of being active, drawing on a Stages of Change based model of service delivery. Implications for rehabilitation Rehabilitation professionals seeking to increase physical activity participation for young people with physical disability should discuss readiness and motivation to change prior to any activity/sports referral. Different behaviour change processes are required for young people and for their parents and both are important to achieve physical activity participation. Regular monitoring is important to identify on-going physical and psychological barriers to participation, even for those who were already active. Clinicians should be aware that teenagers may be more ready to be active as they develop greater independence and should raise awareness of the benefits of physical activity.
Topics: Adolescent; Architectural Accessibility; Attitude of Health Personnel; Attitude to Health; Australia; Cerebral Palsy; Child; Communication Barriers; Disabled Children; Disabled Persons; Exercise; Female; Humans; Male; Motivation; Needs Assessment; Social Participation; Sports for Persons with Disabilities
PubMed: 29382235
DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2018.1432702 -
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation... Nov 2019A profound need for rehabilitation services exists, especially in developing countries. This article highlights the role of the epidemiology of disability in addressing... (Review)
Review
A profound need for rehabilitation services exists, especially in developing countries. This article highlights the role of the epidemiology of disability in addressing this critical need. The article concludes that national and global disability epidemiology statistics inform stakeholder development of rehabilitation policies and programs necessary to meet the global need for rehabilitation, directly supporting the World Health Organization Rehabilitation 2030: Call for Action and United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3 to "ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages."
Topics: Cost of Illness; Disability Evaluation; Disabled Persons; Epidemiology; Humans; International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health; World Health Organization
PubMed: 31563163
DOI: 10.1016/j.pmr.2019.07.012 -
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation... Aug 2019
Topics: Disability Evaluation; Disabled Persons; Forensic Medicine; Humans; Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine; Workers' Compensation
PubMed: 31227144
DOI: 10.1016/j.pmr.2019.05.001 -
Pediatric Clinics of North America Apr 2017Healthy sexual development is important for adolescents with and without disabilities, yet the topic of sexuality is often ignored in the disabled population.... (Review)
Review
Healthy sexual development is important for adolescents with and without disabilities, yet the topic of sexuality is often ignored in the disabled population. Adolescents with mild or moderate degrees of disability have rates of sexual activity and reproductive health needs comparable to their typically developing peers. Their need for support, risk reduction, and education in sexual health may exceed that of their peers. The medical provider may support healthy sexual development through education, anticipatory guidance, menstrual and contraceptive management, and by expanding the notion of sexuality to include a broader conceptualization of sexual behavior and expression.
Topics: Adolescent; Adolescent Development; Disabled Persons; Female; Health Promotion; Humans; Male; Psychosexual Development; Sex Education; Sexual Behavior; Social Support
PubMed: 28292457
DOI: 10.1016/j.pcl.2016.11.011 -
Harefuah Apr 2022The prevalence of disabilities in the general population is not neglectable and gaps in providing quality health service persist between people with and without... (Review)
Review
The prevalence of disabilities in the general population is not neglectable and gaps in providing quality health service persist between people with and without disabilities. Though life expectancy of persons with disability is increasing, there is an excess of preventable morbidity and mortality. The person with disability has needs and expectations and should be partners in the process of prevention, treatment and follow-up of their health status. According to research, the medical care for the patient with disability does not meet the standards derived from the evidence. Patient safety is a core domain in the quality of care and that is true for the care of persons with disability. Communication, stigma, lack of knowledge, skills and training, are major inhibitors of the provision of high-quality care for the people with disabilities and are considered to be factors responsible for the high incidence of adverse and medical errors in this group of patients. Approaching these topics with critical attention is needed across the span of medical care from the community to the hospital and from prevention to the more complex and sophisticated care offered to the patient with disability.
Topics: Communication; Disabled Persons; Hospitals; Humans; Prevalence; Quality of Health Care
PubMed: 35466612
DOI: No ID Found -
History of Psychiatry Dec 2014How does society imagine mental illness? Does this shift radically over time and with different social attitudes as well as scientific discoveries about the origins and...
How does society imagine mental illness? Does this shift radically over time and with different social attitudes as well as scientific discoveries about the origins and meanings of mental illness? What happens when we begin to think about mental illness as madness, as a malleable concept constantly shifting its meaning? We thus look at the meanings associated with 'general paralysis of the insane' in the nineteenth century and autism today in regard to disability. In this case study we examine the claims by scholars such as the anthropologist Emily Martin and the psychiatrist Kay Jamison as to the relationship between mental illness, disability and creativity. Today, the health sciences have become concerned with mental illness as a form of disability. How does this change the meaning of madness for practitioners and patients?
Topics: Autistic Disorder; Disabled Persons; History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; History, Ancient; History, Medieval; Humans; Mental Competency; Mental Disorders; Neurosyphilis; Psychiatry; United States
PubMed: 25395442
DOI: 10.1177/0957154X14545846 -
Substance Use & Misuse 2023According to the social model of disability, it is not individuals' impairments, but societal barriers that cause these impairments to be disabling. Impairment refers to...
According to the social model of disability, it is not individuals' impairments, but societal barriers that cause these impairments to be disabling. Impairment refers to the "loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological, or anatomical structure or function," whereas disability is socially constructed and refers to the inability to independently complete one or more everyday tasks at a "normal" level of functioning. Existing research finds that disability serves as a chronic stressor, and those with disabilities report higher rates of substance use than their able-bodied counterparts. Therefore, this research will be among the first to combine the social model of disability with the stress process framework. It will examine the relationship between impairment and substance use and how disability, as a measure of chronic stress, may affect this relationship. More specifically, using data from the 2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health ( = 42,739), this article examines the following two research questions: (1) What is the relationship between impairment and substance use disorder? and (2) Does disability, as a measure of chronic stress, mediate the relationship between impairment and substance use disorder? Findings reveal that those with an impairment have significantly greater odds of having a substance use disorder. However, the relationship between impairment and substance use disorder is fully mediated by disability. These findings indicate that disability or the chronic stress one faces living in an inaccessible society, not one's impairments, are what accounts for the increased likelihood of substance use disorder among individuals with disabilities.
Topics: Humans; Disabled Persons; Substance-Related Disorders
PubMed: 36510828
DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2022.2155475 -
Disability and Rehabilitation Mar 2019Current rehabilitation models emphasize therapy that attempts to return to "normal" the lives of persons who are disabled. An opportunity is available to scrutinize... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
Current rehabilitation models emphasize therapy that attempts to return to "normal" the lives of persons who are disabled. An opportunity is available to scrutinize whether this recovery orientation of rehabilitation is necessarily optimal.
METHOD
This conceptual article uses reasoning, informed by experience and a nonsystematic review of literature across diverse disciplines.
RESULTS
For some persons with disability, optimizing recovery might be unwanted or insufficient. To expand rehabilitation, we append the Latin "ultra", beyond, to "habilitare", make fit. The resulting term, "ultrabilitate", commits to human flourishing that moves persons toward, around or beyond recovery of particular functioning.
CONCLUSIONS
By expanding the scope of disability management, ultrabilitation could inform therapy selection and facilitate human flourishing. Empirical research is needed to test our ideas. Implications for rehabilitation Despite significant progress, rehabilitation limits some people with disabilities. Modern health systems still benchmark therapy for rehabilitation against "normal" or species-typical standards to aid recovery. "Ultrabilitation", meaning "beyond fitness", promotes flourishing, either without an interest in recovery or in moving toward, beyond or around recovery. Biological, social and technological conditions are needed to support ultrabilitation. Ultrabilitation complements rehabilitation when rehabilitation is not sufficient to optimize functioning and personal growth.
Topics: Disabled Persons; Humans; Philosophy, Medical; Recovery of Function; Rehabilitation
PubMed: 29179594
DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2017.1406997 -
The Lancet. Public Health May 2024Health systems often fail people with disabilities, which might contribute to their shorter life expectancy and poorer health outcomes than people without disabilities.... (Review)
Review
Health systems often fail people with disabilities, which might contribute to their shorter life expectancy and poorer health outcomes than people without disabilities. This Review provides an overview of the existing evidence on health inequities faced by people with disabilities and describes existing approaches to making health systems disability inclusive. Our Review documents a broad range of health-care inequities for people with disabilities (eg, lower levels of cancer screening), which probably contribute towards health differentials. We identified 90 good practice examples that illustrate current strategies to reduce inequalities. Implementing such strategies could help to ensure that health systems can expect, accept, and connect people with disabilities worldwide, deliver on their right to health, and achieve health for all.
Topics: Humans; Disabled Persons; Healthcare Disparities; Delivery of Health Care
PubMed: 38702096
DOI: 10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00042-2 -
Rehabilitation Psychology May 2019The purpose of this conceptual paper was to put forth a call for rehabilitation practitioners to consider their role in developing disability identity in their clients,... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this conceptual paper was to put forth a call for rehabilitation practitioners to consider their role in developing disability identity in their clients, and to understand this action as a form of allyship toward the disability community.
METHOD
This conceptual paper is organized to engage existing disability and disability-identity literature and its clinical implications. Practical tools and skills are offered for rehabilitation practitioners to develop disability identity and engage in disability allyship.
RESULTS
An overview of disability identity and its relationship to clinical practice is presented by way of a literature review. Conversation starters and two activities are presented for rehabilitation practitioners to develop and engage with clients about their disability identities. Descriptions of allyship actions for practitioners are presented.
DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION
In this conceptual paper, we framed disability in terms of both the medical and social models and argues that thinking about disability identity requires attention to the social model of disability. This attention is important, because it allows practitioners to think about themselves as allies to a particular community, rather than experts who must only "fix" clients' disabilities to elicit positive identity development. This shift toward allyship requires attention, engagement, and openness to see clients simultaneously as individuals and as members of a powerful, diverse community with a unique identity experience. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
Topics: Disabled Persons; Humans; Psychology; Social Identification
PubMed: 30489124
DOI: 10.1037/rep0000256