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Molecular & Cellular Proteomics : MCP Jul 2019The eccrine sweat gland is an exocrine gland that is involved in the secretion of sweat for control of temperature. Malfunction of the sweat glands can result in...
The eccrine sweat gland is an exocrine gland that is involved in the secretion of sweat for control of temperature. Malfunction of the sweat glands can result in disorders such as miliaria, hyperhidrosis and bromhidrosis. Understanding the transcriptome and proteome of sweat glands is important for understanding their physiology and role in diseases. However, no systematic transcriptome or proteome analysis of sweat glands has yet been reported. Here, we isolated eccrine sweat glands from human skin by microdissection and performed RNA-seq and proteome analysis. In total, ∼138,000 transcripts and ∼6,100 proteins were identified. Comparison of the RNA-seq data of eccrine sweat glands to other human tissues revealed the closest resemblance to the cortex region of kidneys. The proteome data showed enrichment of proteins involved in secretion, reabsorption, and wound healing. Importantly, protein level identification of the calcium ion channel TRPV4 suggests the importance of eccrine sweat glands in re-epithelialization of wounds and prevention of dehydration. We also identified 2 previously missing proteins from our analysis. Using a proteogenomic approach, we identified 7 peptides from 5 novel genes, which we validated using synthetic peptides. Most of the novel proteins were from short open reading frames (sORFs) suggesting that many sORFs still remain to be annotated in the human genome. This study presents the first integrated analysis of the transcriptome and proteome of the human eccrine sweat gland and would become a valuable resource for studying sweat glands in physiology and disease.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Eccrine Glands; Exons; Humans; Open Reading Frames; Proteome; Proteomics; Pseudogenes; RNA; Transcriptome
PubMed: 30979791
DOI: 10.1074/mcp.RA118.001101 -
Journal of the European Academy of... Jan 2022Enhancing the skin barrier in high-risk neonates by daily use of emollients during infancy might prevent atopic dermatitis (AD); however, there have been no studies on... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Enhancing the skin barrier in high-risk neonates by daily use of emollients during infancy might prevent atopic dermatitis (AD); however, there have been no studies on this topic in a country with a tropical climate. Climate may affect the results of the use of emollients in neonates for AD prevention and possible adverse cutaneous eruptions.
OBJECTIVES
To test the hypothesis that emollients used during infancy can prevent AD in high-risk neonates in a country with a tropical climate and to evaluate other possible adverse cutaneous eruptions in this population.
METHODS
This was a randomized controlled study in a tertiary care hospital with a 6 months' duration. Eligible neonates were randomly assigned to receive either emollient and skincare advice (emollient group) or skincare advice only (control group). The intervention was started within 3 weeks of birth.
RESULTS
The emollient group showed a significant reduction in the cumulative incidence of AD at 6 months (relative risk, 0.39; 95% CI 0.24-0.64; P < 0.001). The emollient group started to develop AD later and had a lower severity of AD than the control group (P < 0.001). Compared to moderate adherence, low adherence to emollient application was associated with a lower number of patients with AD (P = 0.008). Potentially emollient-related cutaneous eruptions, such as miliaria, and suspected cutaneous infections, such as impetigo, were more frequent in the emollient group. Exposure to passive smoking showed a significant difference in the development of AD compared to non-smoking exposure, both during pregnancy and after the child's birth (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
This study suggests that, in a tropical climate, emollient applied to the skin of at-risk neonates on an 'as needed' basis (depending on environmental factors, level of skin dryness), rather than on a 'daily basis', can provide a substantial benefit for AD prevention.
Topics: Child; Dermatitis, Atopic; Eczema; Emollients; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Skin; Thailand; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 34545646
DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17675 -
Pediatric Dermatology Mar 2018A 3-year-old Japanese boy presented with a 3-month history of itchy erythematous papules on his trunk and forearms, the histologic findings of which were characterized...
A 3-year-old Japanese boy presented with a 3-month history of itchy erythematous papules on his trunk and forearms, the histologic findings of which were characterized by predominantly neutrophilic inflammation within and around the eccrine sweat ducts and obliteration and disruption of the superficial eccrine sweat ducts. Although the skin disorder had some clinical and histopathologic similarity to miliaria and neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis, it was ultimately conformed to be neither disorder. Based on this and a case report in the Japanese literature of a 1-year-old boy with erythematous eruptions whose clinical and histopathologic findings were similar to those in our case, we propose the skin disorder in our case, referred to as "neutrophilic superficial eccrine ductitis," as a unique entity.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Child, Preschool; Diagnosis, Differential; Eccrine Glands; Humans; Male; Sweat Gland Diseases
PubMed: 29314202
DOI: 10.1111/pde.13386 -
The Australasian Journal of Dermatology Nov 2014
Topics: Biopsy; Dermoscopy; Female; Humans; Male; Miliaria; Skin
PubMed: 23808709
DOI: 10.1111/ajd.12078 -
Journal of Clinical Research in... Jun 2015Pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA) is defined as a state of resistance to aldosterone, a hormone crucial for electrolyte equilibrium. The genetically transmitted type of PHA...
Pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA) is defined as a state of resistance to aldosterone, a hormone crucial for electrolyte equilibrium. The genetically transmitted type of PHA is primary hypoaldosteronism. Secondary hypoaldosteronism develops as a result of hydronephrosis or hydroureter. PHA patients suffer from severe hyponatremia and a severe clinical condition due to severe loss of salt can be encountered in the neonatal period. Dermal findings in the form of miliaria rubra can also develop in these patients. With the loss of salt, abnormal accumulation of sebum in the eye due to a defect in the sodium channels can also occur. In this paper, a case of PHA in a newborn showing typical dermatological and ophthalmological findings is presented.
Topics: Eye; Female; Fluid Therapy; Humans; Hydronephrosis; Infant, Newborn; Polyuria; Pseudohypoaldosteronism; Sebum; Skin; Sodium Channels
PubMed: 26316441
DOI: 10.4274/jcrpe.1740 -
The Australasian Journal of Dermatology Jun 2024
Topics: Humans; Botulinum Toxins, Type A; Female; Male; Neuromuscular Agents; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 38530143
DOI: 10.1111/ajd.14256 -
Actas Dermo-sifiliograficas Oct 2020
Topics: Child; Fox-Fordyce Disease; Humans
PubMed: 32563546
DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2019.03.016 -
Skin Research and Technology : Official... May 2019Many studies have revealed the importance of palpation for dermatologists; however, palpation is not always possible due to the risk of secondary infections or the risk...
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE
Many studies have revealed the importance of palpation for dermatologists; however, palpation is not always possible due to the risk of secondary infections or the risk of damaging the affected area. Thus, haptic rendering for indirect palpation using in-vivo skin images, which will enable to examine a real three-dimensional (3D) skin sample by virtual touch without directly palpating the infected skin area, could be a useful technology in dermatology.
METHODS
We propose a new method of accurate 3D skin surface reconstruction using simple gradients from a single skin image for accurate 3D roughness rendering with a haptic device. Our approach takes advantage of bilateral filtering to preserve skin roughness and image gradients in order to generate a 3D skin surface (polygonal meshes) while preserving skin wrinkles and rough surface textures.
RESULTS
Our method was evaluated using two experiments. The accuracy was tested with six 3D ground-truth surfaces and four clinical skin images (acne, miliaria, sweet syndrome, and herpes simplex). For objective evaluation, a well-known 3D roughness estimation method and the Hausdorff distance were adopted to compute errors. All results showed that the accuracy of our method is superior to that of the two existing methods.
CONCLUSION
Haptic roughness rendering for skin palpation examination requires efficient and accurate 3D surface reconstruction. In this study, we developed a new method that can be used to reconstruct a 3D skin surface accurately while preserving roughness through the use of a single skin image.
Topics: Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Palpation; Skin; Surface Properties
PubMed: 30604497
DOI: 10.1111/srt.12650 -
International Journal of Women's... Oct 2022
PubMed: 35966823
DOI: 10.1097/JW9.0000000000000039 -
European Journal of Dermatology : EJD Apr 2016
Topics: Axilla; Female; Fox-Fordyce Disease; Humans; Young Adult
PubMed: 27226051
DOI: 10.1684/ejd.2016.2752