-
American Family Physician Jan 2008Rashes are extremely common in newborns and can be a significant source of parental concern. Although most rashes are transient and benign, some require additional... (Review)
Review
Rashes are extremely common in newborns and can be a significant source of parental concern. Although most rashes are transient and benign, some require additional work-up. Erythema toxicum neonatorum, acne neonatorum, and transient neonatal pustular melanosis are transient vesiculopustular rashes that can be diagnosed clinically based on their distinctive appearances. Infants with unusual presentations or signs of systemic illness should be evaluated for Candida, viral, and bacterial infections. Milia and miliaria result from immaturity of skin structures. Miliaria rubra (also known as heat rash) usually improves after cooling measures are taken. Seborrheic dermatitis is extremely common and should be distinguished from atopic dermatitis. Parental reassurance and observation is usually sufficient, but tar-containing shampoo, topical ketoconazole, or mild topical steroids may be needed to treat severe or persistent cases.
Topics: Exanthema; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Prognosis
PubMed: 18236822
DOI: No ID Found -
Cureus Sep 2021Endocrine disorders are known to involve all organ systems of the body, including the skin. The cutaneous manifestations of endocrine disorders can range from common... (Review)
Review
Endocrine disorders are known to involve all organ systems of the body, including the skin. The cutaneous manifestations of endocrine disorders can range from common findings such as acanthosis nigricans, pretibial myxedema, acne, hirsutism, hyper or hypopigmentation to rare cutaneous findings such as miliaria rubra, calciphylaxis, lentigines, and calcinosis cutis. These cutaneous symptoms can sometimes be the presenting symptoms or can even be pathognomonic of the underlying endocrine condition. In some cases, the cutaneous symptoms from an underlying endocrine abnormality may be the most prominent. These symptoms can significantly affect the quality of life of individuals. Often, individuals may seek health care from a dermatologist or primary care physician for isolated skin symptoms. Therefore, it is imperative for physicians to recognize the skin symptoms as the manifestation of the endocrine disorder for prompt diagnosis and treatment of the underlying endocrine disorder.
PubMed: 34692360
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.18327 -
Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia 2018
Topics: Adult; Axilla; Biopsy; Dermis; Female; Fox-Fordyce Disease; Hair Follicle; Humans; Vulva
PubMed: 29641729
DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20187348 -
Maedica Sep 2023Miliaria crystallina is a skin condition occurring due to the blockage of sweat ducts and the retention of sweat. It typically presents as fragile, clear fluid-filled...
Miliaria crystallina is a skin condition occurring due to the blockage of sweat ducts and the retention of sweat. It typically presents as fragile, clear fluid-filled vesicles on the skin surface. Humidity and heat are the main causative factors. The condition is self-limited and remission is promoted by keeping the affected areas cool, well-ventilated and dry. Miliaria crystallina is common in infants and children but rare in adults. We present a case of a febrile hospitalized adult patient who developed the characteristic rash, in order to raise awareness of clinicians and young doctors.
PubMed: 38023754
DOI: 10.26574/maedica.2023.18.3.534 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology 2015Neonatal pustular eruption is a group of disorders characterized by various forms of pustulosis seen in first 4 weeks of life. Its presentation is often similar with... (Review)
Review
Neonatal pustular eruption is a group of disorders characterized by various forms of pustulosis seen in first 4 weeks of life. Its presentation is often similar with some subtle differences, which can be further established by few simple laboratory aids, to arrive at a definite diagnosis. Given their ubiquitous presentation, it is sometimes difficult to differentiate among self-limiting, noninfectious, pustular dermatosis such as erythema toxicum neonatorum, transient neonatal pustular melanosis, miliaria pustulosa, etc., and potentially life threatening infections such as herpes simplex virus and varicella zoster virus infections. This review article tries to address the chronological, clinical, morphological, and histological differences among the various pustular eruptions in a newborn, in order to make it easier for a practicing dermatologist to diagnose and treat these similar looking but different entities of pustulation with a clear demarcation between the physiological benign pustular rashes and the infectious pustular lesions.
PubMed: 25814724
DOI: 10.4103/0019-5154.152558 -
The Pan African Medical Journal 2016
PubMed: 28292125
DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2016.25.163.9745 -
Dermatologic Therapy Jan 2021Prevalence of dermatological manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is estimated between 0.25% and 3% in children and adolescents. In this review article,... (Review)
Review
Prevalence of dermatological manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is estimated between 0.25% and 3% in children and adolescents. In this review article, we decided to describe the cutaneous and histopathological manifestations of COVID-19 infection in pediatrics. We searched published articles in PubMed database for key words of "children" or "pediatric" and "cutaneous" or "dermatology" or "skin" and "COVID-19" or "SARS-CoV-2" or "Coronavirus disease 2019" in abstract or title from December of 2019 until September 2020. Finally, 38 articles were selected. The majority of patients were between 11 and 17 years old with predominantly male gender. Most of the patients were either asymptomatic or had a few general symptoms. The latency time from appearance of general symptoms to cutaneous ones was between 1 day and weeks. Skin lesions faded between 3 and 88 days without any sequelae, spontaneously or with either topical or systemic corticosteroids. Skin manifestations were chilblain-like (pseudochilblain), erythema multiforme-like, dactylitis, acral erythema, acute urticaria, livedo reticularis, mottling, acro-ischemia, generalized maculopapular lesions, eyelid dermatitis, miliaria-like, varicelliform lesions, and petechiae and/or purpura. Kawa-COVID-19 patients were presented more frequently with cardiogenic shock, neurological symptoms, lymphocytopenia, and thrombocytopenia as compared to classic Kawasaki's disease. Furthermore, more number of cases were resistant to the first-line treatments.
Topics: Adolescent; COVID-19; Child; Humans; Pediatrics; SARS-CoV-2; Skin; Skin Diseases
PubMed: 33210417
DOI: 10.1111/dth.14554 -
Journal of Family Medicine and Primary... Jun 2022Pediatric skin disorders are different from the adult type in their presentations, types, treatment and prognosis. Their presentation varies from place to place.
INTRODUCTION
Pediatric skin disorders are different from the adult type in their presentations, types, treatment and prognosis. Their presentation varies from place to place.
AIM
To study the different clinical pattern and seasonal variation of dermatoses in children attending a multispecialty hospital in Uttar Pradesh.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study was conducted among 640 children who attended the OPD of multispecialty hospital over a period of one year. All children up to 10 years of age with cutaneous presentations were included in the study.
RESULTS
Study showed that there was a male preponderance among the study participants. According to the age group, school-aged children (6-10 years) constituted the highest percentage (53%) followed by toddlers or pre-school children (41%). The most common skin conditions were infections (47%) followed by eczematous group (31%) of disorders. Among the infections, the most common infections were fungal - 35.64% (107) followed by parasitic infection (31%), viral infections (20%) and then bacterial infections (12.5%). Out of total eczematous dermatoses, Atopic dermatosis was maximum in number (61; 30%). This was followed by pityriasis Alba (47; 23.15%), and acute eczemas (32; 15.76%). Third most common dermatosis was Appendageal disorder (33; 5.15%). It included 15 cases of miliaria i.e. approximately 45.45%. Seventeen (2.65%) children reported for treatment of different kind of nevi. Pigmentary disorders were seen in 16 cases (2.5%). Three nutritional disorders were also seen. Season wise, most of the cases were seen in monsoons (June to October).
CONCLUSIONS
Dermatoses is very common in children in the western region of Uttar Pradesh. The largest group was formed by infections followed by eczemas. Few cases increased in number depending upon the weather like fungal and bacterial infections, acne, miliaria in summers and xerosis, scabies in winters. This variation strongly suggests that weather has a very important role. Thus various measures including health education programs to be initiated to control and prevent the sudden spread of the diseases. Thus, Primary care providers and family physicians being the first responders should always keep in mind the seasonal variations while dealing with dermatosis in children.
PubMed: 36119157
DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1964_21