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The Journal of Antimicrobial... Jun 2020To report a novel tigecycline resistance gene, tet(X6), and its variants in four bacterial species isolated from chickens and pigs in China.
OBJECTIVES
To report a novel tigecycline resistance gene, tet(X6), and its variants in four bacterial species isolated from chickens and pigs in China.
METHODS
WGS was conducted to identify the suspected resistance genes in the tigecycline-resistant Myroides phaeus 18QD1AZ29W. Functional cloning, homology modelling and molecular docking were performed to compare the function with other Tet(X) variants. Retrospective screening for tet(X6) was conducted for 80 isolates in our WGS data collection, and all genomic environments of tet(X6)-positive isolates were analysed.
RESULTS
The tigecycline-resistant M. phaeus 18QD1AZ29W isolated from a pig farm in Shandong in 2018 was positive for tet(X2) and a novel tet(X) gene, designated tet(X6). Tet(X6) could increase the MICs of all tested tetracyclines/glycylcyclines for Escherichia coli only 2- to 4-fold, which was possibly due to a lower tetracycline binding capacity of Tet(X6) compared with that of other Tet(X) variants. Retrospective screening showed that seven other isolates (7/80, 8.8%), comprising four Proteus spp. and three Acinetobacter spp. from chickens and pigs in Shandong and Guangdong, were positive for three different variants of tet(X6). The analysis of the genomic environment revealed that two tet(X6)-positive isolates from M. phaeus and Proteus cibarius, respectively, contained ISCR2, which may play a role in tet(X6) transmission.
CONCLUSIONS
This study identified a novel type of tigecycline resistance gene, tet(X6), in Myroides, Acinetobacter and Proteus from chickens and swine. Tet(X6) conferred lower tetracycline/glycylcycline MICs than other Tet(X) variants, and ISCR2 may play a role in the transmission of tet(X6).
Topics: Acinetobacter; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chickens; China; Flavobacteriaceae; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Molecular Docking Simulation; Proteus; Retrospective Studies; Swine; Tetracycline Resistance; Tigecycline
PubMed: 32068864
DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkaa037 -
IDCases 2021Formerly classified under the genus species are common gram-negative, environmental bacterium ubiquitous in soil and water. While infrequent, infections of human hosts...
Formerly classified under the genus species are common gram-negative, environmental bacterium ubiquitous in soil and water. While infrequent, infections of human hosts can result in devastating consequences due the bacteria's intrinsic multidrug resistance, particularly in those who are immunocompromised. The pathogenicity and mechanisms for resistance remain poorly understood at this time. The case presented in this report details bacteremia secondary to a soft tissue infection of the lower extremities and adds to the 60 documented infections to date, of which 15 were also characterized by a similar infection.
PubMed: 33850715
DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2021.e01061 -
Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and... 2018Myroides species formerly known as Flavobacterium odoratum, a rare clinical isolate often considered as nonpathogenic. Myroides odoratimimus commonly found in the...
Myroides species formerly known as Flavobacterium odoratum, a rare clinical isolate often considered as nonpathogenic. Myroides odoratimimus commonly found in the environment and frequently isolated from the immunocompromised patients. The incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by Myroides species is a rare phenomenon. We describe a rare case of UTI caused by Myroides odoratimimus in an elderly patient.
Topics: Aged; Flavobacteriaceae Infections; Flavobacterium; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Urinary Tract Infections; Urine
PubMed: 30381524
DOI: 10.4103/1319-2442.243957 -
MicrobiologyOpen Feb 2019Myroides odoratimimus is an important nosocomial pathogen. Management of M. odoratimimus infection is difficult owing to the multidrug resistance and the unknown... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Myroides odoratimimus is an important nosocomial pathogen. Management of M. odoratimimus infection is difficult owing to the multidrug resistance and the unknown pathogenesis mechanisms. Based on our previous genomic sequencing data of M. odoratimimus PR63039 (isolated from a patient with the urinary tract infection), in this study, we further performed comparative genomic analysis for 10 selected Myroides strains. Our results showed that these Myroides genome contexts were very similar and phylogenetically related. Various prophages were identified in the four clinical isolate genomes, which possibly contributed to the genome evolution among the Myroides strains. CRISPR elements were only detected in the two clinical (PR63039 and CCUG10230) isolates and two environmental (CCUG12700 and H1bi) strains. With more stringent cutoff parameters in CARD analysis, the four clinical M. odoratimimus contained roughly equal antibiotic resistance genes, indicating their similar antibiotic resistance profiles. The three clinical (CCUG10230, CCUG12901, CIP101113) and three environmental (CCUG12700, L41, H1bi) M. odoratimimus strains were speculated to carry the indistinguishable virulent factors (VFs), which may involve in the similar pathogenesis mechanism. Moreover, some VFs might confer to the high capacity of dissemination, attacking tissue cells and induction of autoimmune complications. Our results facilitate the research of antibiotic resistance and the development of therapeutic regimens for the M. odoratimimus infections.
Topics: Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Evolution, Molecular; Flavobacteriaceae; Flavobacteriaceae Infections; Genes, Bacterial; Genome, Bacterial; Genomics; Humans; Phylogeny; Virulence Factors
PubMed: 29797432
DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.634 -
Journal of Agricultural and Food... Apr 2019Aflatoxin B (AFB), is a type I carcinogen that is one of the strongest naturally occurring aflatoxins and can be injurious to humans and livestock upon ingestion,...
Aflatoxin B (AFB), is a type I carcinogen that is one of the strongest naturally occurring aflatoxins and can be injurious to humans and livestock upon ingestion, inhalation, or skin contact, with carcinogenic and mutagenic effects. It causes significant hazardous effects to the food- and animal-production industries. We found a bacterial strain, 3J2MO, that degraded AFB well, and here we tested and characterized its AFB-degradation ability. The strain degraded about 93.82% of the AFB after incubation for 48 h in Luria-Bertani (LB) medium at 37 °C with a final concentration of 100 ppb and an inoculation quantity of 1 × 10 cfu/mL. High-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) was used to determine AFB amounts. The maximum degradation rates were 89.23% at pH 8.5; 55.78% at an inoculation quantity of 1 × 10 cfu/mL; and 71.50 and 71.21% at 34 and 37 °C, respectively. Treatment with sucrose and soluble starch as carbon sources and beef extract and ammonium acetate as nitrogen sources stimulated the degradation rate. Mg and Ca ions were activators for AFB degradation; however, Mn, Fe, Zn, and Cu were strong inhibitors. This bacterial strain has potential in bioremediation and the detoxification of aflatoxin contamination for biocontrol strategies in both agricultural products and food-industry matrices.
Topics: Aflatoxin B1; Biodegradation, Environmental; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Culture Media; Flavobacteriaceae; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Sucrose
PubMed: 30907589
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06810 -
Infection Oct 2014Myroides sp., previously known as Flavobacterium odoratum, is a relatively unknown organism with unclear human pathogenicity. While Myroides sp. has been implicated in... (Review)
Review
Myroides sp., previously known as Flavobacterium odoratum, is a relatively unknown organism with unclear human pathogenicity. While Myroides sp. has been implicated in human infections, many reports have described the organism as a relatively avirulent opportunistic pathogen. We present an unusual case of rapidly fatal necrotizing fasciitis and septic shock due to Myroides odoratus. Our case demonstrates the pathogenicity of Myroides, and highlights potential risk factors for infection including underlying liver disease and open wounds. The recognition of Myroides is of particular importance given its resistance to multiple antibiotics. We review the literature on Myroides sp. skin and soft tissue infections, including necrotizing forms, and discuss the clinical presentation and management of this potentially emerging pathogen.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; California; Diagnosis, Differential; Fasciitis, Necrotizing; Fatal Outcome; Female; Flavobacteriaceae; Flavobacteriaceae Infections; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Shock, Septic
PubMed: 24806817
DOI: 10.1007/s15010-014-0626-0 -
Indian Journal of Critical Care... Apr 2024species are ubiquitous in the environment and cause a variety of infections like urinary tract infections (UTI), sepsis, meningitis, cholecystitis, pneumonia, and soft...
AIM AND BACKGROUND
species are ubiquitous in the environment and cause a variety of infections like urinary tract infections (UTI), sepsis, meningitis, cholecystitis, pneumonia, and soft tissue infections, especially among immunocompromised populations. These are usually resistant to multiple antibiotics. This study aimed to demonstrate the clinical profile, underlying comorbidities, and antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates obtained from nosocomial UTI cases.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A sudden rise in the isolation of spp. from the repeated urine samples of admitted patients alerted us to conduct this retrospective observational study. Urine cultures that grew species were included in this study. Antibiotic susceptibility was performed and the patient's clinical data was analyzed.
RESULTS
A total of 14 spp. isolates were obtained from urine culture. The maximum number of cases (71.4%) were from the Nephrology ward and ICUs. The average (mean) age of patients was 46 years (range 2-80 years). All patients were catheterized. All isolates were multidrug resistant. Minocycline and doxycycline were the only drugs found effective in this study.
CONCLUSIONS
species are emerging rare pathogens that can cause UTI in immunocompromised and catheterized patients. Minocycline may be used for treating such infections.
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE
Sahu C, Chaudhary R, Bhartiya C, Patel SS, Bhatnagar N. A Retrospective Study on UTI by Species: An Emerging Drug Resistant Nosocomial Pathogen. Indian J Crit Care Med 2024;28(4):399-403.
PubMed: 38585315
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24683 -
Journal of Hazardous Materials Feb 2022This study investigated indigenous functional microbial communities associated with the degradation of chloroacetamide herbicides acetochlor (ACE), S-metolachlor (S-MET)...
This study investigated indigenous functional microbial communities associated with the degradation of chloroacetamide herbicides acetochlor (ACE), S-metolachlor (S-MET) and their enantiomers in repeatedly treated soils. The results showed that biodegradation was the main process for the degradation of ACE, S-MET and their enantiomers. Eight dominant bacterial genera associated with the degradation were found: Amycolatopsis, Saccharomonospora, Mycoplasma, Myroides, Mycobacterium, Burkholderia, Afipia, and Kribbella. The S-enantiomers of ACE and S-MET were preferentially degraded, which mainly relied on Amycolatopsis, Saccharomonospora and Kribbella for the ACE S-enantiomer and Amycolatopsis and Saccharomonospora for the S-MET S-enantiomer. Importantly, the relative abundances of Amycolatopsis and Saccharomonospora increased by 146.3%-4467.2% in the S-enantiomer treatments of ACE and S-MET compared with the control, which were significantly higher than that in the corresponding R-enantiomer treatments (25.3%-4168.2%). Both metagenomic and qPCR analyses demonstrated that four genes, ppah, alkb, benA, and p450, were the dominant biodegradation genes (BDGs) potentially involved in the preferential degradation of the S-enantiomers of ACE and S-MET. Furthermore, network analysis suggested that Amycolatopsis, Saccharomonospora, Mycoplasma, Myroides, and Mycobacterium were the potential hosts of these four BDGs. Our findings indicated that Amycolatopsis and Saccharomonospora might play pivotal roles in the preferential degradation of the S-enantiomers of ACE and S-MET.
Topics: Acetamides; Biodegradation, Environmental; Herbicides; Microbiota; Soil; Soil Pollutants; Stereoisomerism
PubMed: 34517298
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127135 -
Access Microbiology 2023Infections forby spp. can lead to significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in immunocompromised patients with underlying co-morbidities. Recent reports have...
INTRODUCTION
Infections forby spp. can lead to significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in immunocompromised patients with underlying co-morbidities. Recent reports have highlighted its intrinsic and acquired drug resistance, making it a particularly challenging infectious agent to combat.
METHODS
spp. isolated and reported in clinically significant urine samples were considered for the study. Identification of the organism was done via the VITEK 2C system. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done using both manual and automated methods following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Existing literature was searched on MEDLINE using PubMed.
RESULTS
We present a series of five catheter-associated urinary tract infections due to , with sensitivity to only minocycline. This is the first case from Western India, and the third case in the existing literature that shows sensitivity only to minocycline. Our literature review is the first to systematically describe contributory factors to infection, allowing us to devise a clinically relevant tool that delineates contributory factors and efficacious drugs in spp infection.
CONCLUSION
spp infections, previously considered rare and opportunistic, need cognizance and diagnostic suspicion especially in particular associated conditions.
PubMed: 37323940
DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000549.v2 -
Medecine Et Maladies Infectieuses Oct 2016
Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Anemia, Megaloblastic; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteremia; Cardiovascular Diseases; Disease Susceptibility; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Drug Substitution; Female; Flavobacteriaceae Infections; Flavobacterium; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Leg; Obesity; Skin Diseases, Infectious
PubMed: 27292170
DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2016.05.003