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JACC. Heart Failure Apr 2018
Topics: Allografts; Heart Diseases; Heart Failure; Heart Transplantation; Humans; Organ Transplantation
PubMed: 29598940
DOI: 10.1016/j.jchf.2017.12.015 -
Harefuah Nov 2023Organ transplantation is an innovative field that was pioneered in the middle of the last century with the development of surgical techniques, advances in the... (Review)
Review
Organ transplantation is an innovative field that was pioneered in the middle of the last century with the development of surgical techniques, advances in the understanding of immunological processes that cause rejection, introduction of drugs to prevent rejection and improved methods for organ preservation. In Israel, the first heart transplantation and kidney transplantation were performed in the mid-1960's followed by pancreas, lung and liver transplantation that were conducted for the first time in the late 1980's and early 1990's. The significant change that has led to an increase in the number of transplants in Israel and rising success rates after transplant has occurred with the introduction of the new generation of anti-rejection drugs, Cyclosporine and subsequently Tacrolimus (Prograf ®). Another milestone was the founding of The National Transplant Center in 1994. This led to the formation of national transplant candidate lists for each organ, the establishment of professional committees that determine organ allocation policy and the creation of a governmental ethics committee to oversee the performance of live-donor transplantation. In 2008, about a month before the signing of the Istanbul Declaration, the Transplantation Law was enacted to regulate organ transplantation in Israel, which included clauses restricting organ trade in the spirit of the Istanbul Declaration. These measures increased the number of transplants performed in Israel and significantly reduced the number of transplants of Israelis abroad. The establishment of Matanat Chaim Organization in 2012 is another milestone that has led to a significant increase in the number of kidney transplants, most of which are currently performed from altruistic donations. However, today there is still a shortage of organs for transplantation from deceased donors and there is a long way to go to close the gap between organ need and supply. This review will indicate the introduction of the first transplants performed in Israel and the measures undertaken to increase the number of transplants. In addition, the review will note the laws and regulations of organ allocation.
Topics: Humans; Israel; Tissue and Organ Procurement; Organ Transplantation; Kidney Transplantation; Living Donors
PubMed: 37965853
DOI: No ID Found -
Transplant International : Official... Jun 2019Transplantation is the only curative treatment option available for patients suffering from end-stage organ failure, improving their quality of life and long-term... (Review)
Review
Transplantation is the only curative treatment option available for patients suffering from end-stage organ failure, improving their quality of life and long-term survival. However, because of organ scarcity, only a small number of these patients actually benefit from transplantation. Alternative treatment options are needed to address this problem. The technique of whole-organ decellularization and recellularization has attracted increasing attention in the last decade. Decellularization includes the removal of all cellular components from an organ, while simultaneously preserving the micro and macro anatomy of the extracellular matrix. These bioscaffolds are subsequently repopulated with patient-derived cells, thus constructing a personalized neo-organ and ideally eliminating the need for immunosuppression. However, crucial problems have not yet been satisfyingly addressed and remain to be resolved, such as organ and cell sources. In this review, we focus on the actual state of organ de- and recellularization, as well as the problems and future challenges.
Topics: Animals; Bioreactors; Extracellular Matrix; Humans; Immunosuppression Therapy; Intestines; Kidney; Kidney Transplantation; Liver; Liver Transplantation; Lung; Lung Transplantation; Organ Transplantation; Pancreas; Pancreas Transplantation; Tissue Engineering; Tissue Scaffolds; Tissue and Organ Procurement; Waiting Lists
PubMed: 31099920
DOI: 10.1111/tri.13462 -
Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation Oct 2023The number of dual organ transplantations (DOT) are steadily increasing over the past few years. This is both a reflection of increasing complexity and advanced disease... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
The number of dual organ transplantations (DOT) are steadily increasing over the past few years. This is both a reflection of increasing complexity and advanced disease process in the patients and greater transplant center experience with performing dual organ transplants. Due to lack of standardization of the process, there remains significant center-based variability in patient selection, perioperative and long-term management of these patients.
RECENT FINDINGS
Overall posttransplant outcomes for DOT have been acceptable with some immunological advantages because of partial tolerance offered by the second organ. These achievements should, however, be balanced with the ethical implications of bypassing the patients who are listed for single organ transplantation because of the preferential allocation of organs for DOT.
SUMMARY
The field of DOT is expanding rapidly, with good long-term outcomes. There is an urgent need for guidelines to standardize the process of patient selection and listing dual organ transplantation.
Topics: Humans; Organ Transplantation; Heart Transplantation; Tissue and Organ Procurement; Waiting Lists
PubMed: 37582057
DOI: 10.1097/MOT.0000000000001093 -
Radiologic Clinics of North America Mar 2016Liver, kidney, and pancreas transplants are complex procedures that have evolved over the past several decades from pioneering, experimental procedures into... (Review)
Review
Liver, kidney, and pancreas transplants are complex procedures that have evolved over the past several decades from pioneering, experimental procedures into well-developed, refined procedures that have saved countless lives. Previously encountered technical, immunologic, and perioperative obstacles have now been overcome and improved upon, allowing for the success of these procedures today. This article reviews the basic surgical techniques used for solid organ transplantation that are relevant to, and are currently encountered by radiologists. This article also reviews commonly encountered postoperative complications, and the techniques and strategies that have evolved in interventional radiology to overcome these complications.
Topics: Humans; Kidney Transplantation; Liver Transplantation; Pancreas Transplantation; Postoperative Complications; Radiography, Interventional
PubMed: 26896224
DOI: 10.1016/j.rcl.2015.09.008 -
Anasthesiologie, Intensivmedizin,... Jul 2020
Topics: Kidney Transplantation; Organ Transplantation
PubMed: 32736383
DOI: 10.1055/a-1177-7277 -
American Journal of Transplantation :... Jan 2016SRTR uses data collected by OPTN to calculate metrics such as donation/conversion rate, organ yield, and rate of organs recovered for transplant but not transplanted. In...
SRTR uses data collected by OPTN to calculate metrics such as donation/conversion rate, organ yield, and rate of organs recovered for transplant but not transplanted. In 2014, 9252 eligible deaths were reported by organ procurement organizations, a slight increase from 8944 in 2012, and the donation/conversation rate was 73.4 eligible donors per 100 eligible deaths, a slight increase from 71.3 in 2013. Some metrics show variation across organ procurement organizations, suggesting that sharing best practices could lead to gains in efficiency and organ retrieval.
Topics: Humans; Organ Transplantation; Time Factors; Tissue Donors; Tissue and Organ Procurement; United States
PubMed: 26755269
DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13673 -
Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation Aug 2020Vascularized composite allograft (VCA) transplants constitute multiple tissues transplanted together as one functional unit. These procedures are increasing in frequency... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Vascularized composite allograft (VCA) transplants constitute multiple tissues transplanted together as one functional unit. These procedures are increasing in frequency and complexity, yet data about graft survival, quality of life, and infection risk remain limited.
RECENT FINDINGS
Informative guidance for this patient population is often inferred from the solid organ transplantation literature. Yet, it is important to understand that VCA transplantation additionally carries its own significant and distinctive risk factors for infection.
SUMMARY
In this review, we give an overview of previously described infectious complications of VCA transplantation in the literature, discuss risk factors for future infection in these patients, and discuss how to manage such obstacles.
Topics: Composite Tissue Allografts; Graft Survival; Humans; Infections; Organ Transplantation; Quality of Life; Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation
PubMed: 32487889
DOI: 10.1097/MOT.0000000000000780 -
Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik,... May 2018
Topics: Adult; Child; Germany; Humans; Organ Transplantation
PubMed: 29723904
DOI: 10.1055/a-0594-7070 -
Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation Aug 2019Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are emerging pathogens of concern especially in solid organ transplant candidates and recipients. This review aims to address... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are emerging pathogens of concern especially in solid organ transplant candidates and recipients. This review aims to address diagnostic challenges, new and emerging treatment options, and infection prevention.
RECENT FINDINGS
The incidence of NTM infections in transplant candidates and recipients is rising. The infection prevalence of these environmental pathogens varies geographically by species with a coastal predominance. Although existing guidelines from the American Thoracic Society, Infectious Diseases Society of America, and British Thoracic Society provide recommendations for diagnosis and management, they do not fully address the subtle nuances and challenges faced in managing infections in immunocompromised transplant recipients. Evolving data on new therapeutic agents and their use in combination therapy will help individualize treatment regimens while limiting adverse effects and improving compliance. Use of combination β-lactams, avibactam, tedizolid, clofazimine, bedaquiline, liposomal amikacin, and ciprofloxacin for commonly isolated species such as Mycobacterium abscessus and Mycobacterium avium complex have proven effective.
SUMMARY
Further studies are needed to determine the incidence of NTM infection in a prospective, multicentric manner and evaluate the most promising synergistic treatment combinations in transplant recipients.
Topics: Humans; Nontuberculous Mycobacteria; Organ Transplantation; Prospective Studies
PubMed: 31145153
DOI: 10.1097/MOT.0000000000000665