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Sexual Medicine Reviews Jul 2019Most men seeking penile girth augmentation have physiologically normal penises but may suffer from severe preoccupation with penis size known as penile dysmorphophobic... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Most men seeking penile girth augmentation have physiologically normal penises but may suffer from severe preoccupation with penis size known as penile dysmorphophobic disorder.
AIM
To describe the medical, procedural, and reconstructive techniques available for penile girth enhancement and to review the success and complications of each modality.
METHODS
A comprehensive review of peer-reviewed publications on the topic was performed through a PubMed search. Key search terms included penis, enhancement, enlargement, phalloplasty, reconstruction, girth, and augmentation.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE
We wanted to summarize the motivations behind penile girth enhancement and review the outcomes for girth augmentation treatments.
RESULTS
Various medical, traction, injection, prosthetic, and reconstructive modalities have been studied for penile girth enhancement, with increases in girth ranging from 0-4.9 cm. Complications were reported in a minority of patients, but they may be devastating and include penile fibrosis, sexual dysfunction, device infection, and death.
CONCLUSION
A variety of penile girth augmentation techniques have been studied. Clinical guidelines are lacking, and complications of penile girth enhancement are likely underreported. Until more rigorous investigation with accurate reporting of complications is achieved, penile girth augmentation procedures should be considered experimental. Hehemann MC, Towe M, Huynh LM, et al. Penile Girth Enlargement Strategies: What's the Evidence? Sex Med 2019;7:535-547.
Topics: Humans; Male; Penile Diseases; Penile Erection; Penile Prosthesis; Penis; Plastic Surgery Procedures
PubMed: 30612977
DOI: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2018.11.003 -
Journal of the European Academy of... Jun 2023This guideline is an update to the 2014 edition of the European guideline for the management of balanoposthitis. Balanoposthitis describes inflammation of the glans... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
This guideline is an update to the 2014 edition of the European guideline for the management of balanoposthitis. Balanoposthitis describes inflammation of the glans penis and prepuce and is caused by a range of disparate conditions including infection, dermatoses and premalignancy.
OBJECTIVE
The main objectives of this guideline are to aid recognition of the symptoms and signs and complications of penile skin conditions and to offer recommendations on the diagnostic tests and treatment for a selected group of these conditions.
METHODS
The previous guideline was updated following a literature review and priority was given to randomized controlled trial and systematic review evidence.
RESULTS
The updated guideline includes amended management for infective balanitis to provide clear guidance for Group A streptococcal infections, management of on going Lichen sclerosus (to include circumcision and supportive management to reduce the recurrence of genital herpes and warts), additional regimens for Zoonoid change, use of calcineurin inhibitors in management and risk of premalignancy and change of nomenclaturefrom Premalignant conditions to Penile Intraepithelial neoplasia (PeIN).
CONCLUSION
Balanoposthitis has a widerange of causes high quality evidence specific to the management of penile disease is not available for all the conditions described.
Topics: Humans; Male; Balanitis; Circumcision, Male; Penile Diseases; Penile Neoplasms; Penis; Precancerous Conditions
PubMed: 36942977
DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18954 -
Journal of the European Academy of... Oct 2015Lichen sclerosus (LS) is an inflammatory skin disease that usually involves the anogenital area. All patients with symptoms or signs suspicious of lichen sclerosus...
Lichen sclerosus (LS) is an inflammatory skin disease that usually involves the anogenital area. All patients with symptoms or signs suspicious of lichen sclerosus should be seen at least once initially by a physician with a special interest in the disease in order to avoid delay in diagnosis, as early treatment may cure the disease in some and reduce or prevent scarring. The diagnosis is made clinically in most cases. Biopsies should only be performed under certain circumstances. The gold standard for treatment remains potent to very potent topical steroids; however, mild and moderate disease in boys and men may be cured by circumcision. Certain triggers should be avoided. http://www.euroderm.org/images/stories/guidelines/2014/S3-Guideline-on-Lichen-sclerosus.pdf http://www.awmf.org/fachgesellschaften/mitgliedsgesellschaften/visitenkarte/fg/deutsche-gesellschaft-fuer-gynaekologie-und-geburtshilfe-dggg.html.
Topics: Anus Diseases; Biopsy; Circumcision, Male; Evidence-Based Medicine; Female; Humans; Laser Therapy; Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus; Male; Penile Diseases; Photochemotherapy; Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus
PubMed: 26202852
DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13136 -
Urology Aug 2021A 66-year-old male presented with five days of penile pain and ulceration. The patient had a history of stage 5 chronic kidney disease and repeatedly declined...
A 66-year-old male presented with five days of penile pain and ulceration. The patient had a history of stage 5 chronic kidney disease and repeatedly declined hemodialysis. Wound and urine cultures were unrevealing. CT of the abdomen and pelvis did not reveal any evidence of Fournier's gangrene but identified diffuse severe calcific vasculopathy. Urology and dermatology agreed on the diagnosis of penile calciphylaxis. While diagnosis of calciphylaxis often includes histologic evidence of obstructive vasculopathy, biopsy of penile calciphylaxis is contraindicated due to increased morbidity and mortality. Management focuses wound care and correction of electrolyte abnormalities responsible for calcium deposition.
Topics: Aged; Calciphylaxis; Humans; Male; Penile Diseases
PubMed: 34097941
DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2021.05.040 -
Emergency Medicine Clinics of North... Nov 2019The penis is an organ of enormous importance and is vital for both excretory and reproductive function. The anatomy of the penis itself can lead to many of its emergent... (Review)
Review
The penis is an organ of enormous importance and is vital for both excretory and reproductive function. The anatomy of the penis itself can lead to many of its emergent conditions and a thorough understanding of the anatomy and physiology is central to recognition of these conditions. Physicians should have a high clinical suspicion for penile emergencies and perform a thorough physical examination to make a proper diagnosis. Prompt diagnosis and proper management are essential for minimizing dysfunction of this vital organ.
Topics: Emergencies; Humans; Male; Paraphimosis; Penile Diseases; Penis; Phimosis; Priapism
PubMed: 31563196
DOI: 10.1016/j.emc.2019.07.001 -
Revista Internacional de Andrologia 2021A fifty-year-old healthy, Portuguese male, with prior history of paraffin injections into the penis 30 years ago, was referred for urological consultation because of a...
A fifty-year-old healthy, Portuguese male, with prior history of paraffin injections into the penis 30 years ago, was referred for urological consultation because of a large, hardened ulcerated mass on the base of the penis causing deformity and pain. The patient underwent a biopsy that showed a benign granulomatous lesion, and then excision of the mass and penile plasty with a scrotum flap in the same surgical time. Histology confirmed the diagnosis of paraffinoma. Three months after surgery, the patient is satisfied with the functional (urinary function and erectile function) and aesthetic results. Penile paraffinoma is a rare disease (most common in Asia and Eastern Europe) and results from an inflammatory response to the subcutaneous injection of paraffin, Vaseline or other mineral oils. Treatment is usually surgery.
Topics: Granuloma; Humans; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Middle Aged; Paraffin; Penile Diseases; Penis; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Skin Ulcer; Surgical Flaps; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 32778451
DOI: 10.1016/j.androl.2020.01.006 -
JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan... Aug 2016This review describes the association of balanoposthitis with diabetes. It reviews the multifaceted relationship of both conditions, and summarizes the etiology,... (Review)
Review
This review describes the association of balanoposthitis with diabetes. It reviews the multifaceted relationship of both conditions, and summarizes the etiology, clinical features and treatment options for this condition. The commonest etiology of balanoposthitis in males with diabetes is Candida, and the mainstay of treatment is maintenance of hygiene, euglycaemia, and eradication of infection. The review sensitizes diabetes care providers to take a history and perform a physical examination in persons with penile symptoms, and also encourages dermatology care providers to screen for diabetes in such persons.
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Balanitis; Candidiasis; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Male; Mycoplasma Infections; Penile Diseases; Reproductive Tract Infections; Staphylococcal Infections; Streptococcal Infections; Trichomonas Infections
PubMed: 27524547
DOI: No ID Found -
British Journal of Hospital Medicine... Oct 2021A penile fracture is a traumatic rupture of the tunica albuginea of the corpora cavernosa in an erect penis, usually as a result of blunt trauma during sexual activity....
A penile fracture is a traumatic rupture of the tunica albuginea of the corpora cavernosa in an erect penis, usually as a result of blunt trauma during sexual activity. The aetiology varies with geographical region, with the USA and Europe having a higher incidence of sexual trauma and the Middle East having a higher rate of self-manipulation. Diagnosis is usually clinical, but numerous imaging modalities have been used to confirm the fracture site and to help plan appropriate surgical management. Clinical examination will find a detumescent penis with a diffuse penile swelling and ecchymosis: the classic eggplant sign. The penis will often deviate away from the side of the injury. A history of the patient's inability to pass urine after the injury or of blood at the urethral meatus suggests an associated urethral injury. Immediate surgical management is the mainstay of treatment, with many surgeons favouring a degloving approach. Penile fractures also carry a risk of urethral tears and urethral repair may be necessary. This article describes the aetiology, presentation and management of penile fractures to enable identification and treatment in daily clinical practice.
Topics: Humans; Male; Penile Diseases; Penis; Rupture; Urethra; Urethral Diseases
PubMed: 34726937
DOI: 10.12968/hmed.2020.0715 -
The Pan African Medical Journal 2022
Topics: Calciphylaxis; Humans; Male; Penile Diseases; Penis
PubMed: 35480413
DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2022.41.124.33602 -
Urology Jun 2020The proposed image reports the case of penile calciphylaxis. Calciphylaxis is a rare obliterative small vessel vasculopathy associated with diabetes mellitus, end-stage...
The proposed image reports the case of penile calciphylaxis. Calciphylaxis is a rare obliterative small vessel vasculopathy associated with diabetes mellitus, end-stage renal disease. Penile involvement is even rarer with only 50 cases reported, and agreement on appropriate diagnosis and management is unclear. This rarity exposes, as in our situation, to misdiagnosis, with possible iatrogeny (dermocorticoides in the case of balanitis). As the biopsy of the glans is not recommended, the clinical diagnosis is essential. Diffuse calcifications appearance on the reported ultrasound could support the diagnosis.
Topics: Aged; Calciphylaxis; Humans; Male; Penile Diseases
PubMed: 32194088
DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2020.03.003