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Environmental Science & Technology Nov 2023Metal-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) with peracetic acid (PAA) have been extensively studied to degrade micropollutants (MPs) in wastewater. Mn(II) is a...
Metal-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) with peracetic acid (PAA) have been extensively studied to degrade micropollutants (MPs) in wastewater. Mn(II) is a commonly used homogeneous metal catalyst for oxidant activation, but it performs poorly with PAA. This study identifies that the biodegradable chelating ligand picolinic acid (PICA) can significantly mediate Mn(II) activation of PAA for accelerated MP degradation. Results show that, while Mn(II) alone has minimal reactivity toward PAA, the presence of PICA accelerates PAA loss by Mn(II). The PAA-Mn(II)-PICA system removes various MPs (methylene blue, bisphenol A, naproxen, sulfamethoxazole, carbamazepine, and trimethoprim) rapidly at neutral pH, achieving >60% removal within 10 min in clean and wastewater matrices. Coexistent HO and acetic acid in PAA play a negligible role in rapid MP degradation. In-depth evaluation with scavengers and probe compounds (-butyl alcohol, methanol, methyl phenyl sulfoxide, and methyl phenyl sulfone) suggested that high-valent Mn species (Mn(V)) is a likely main reactive species leading to rapid MP degradation, whereas soluble Mn(III)-PICA and radicals (CHC(O)O and CHC(O)OO) are minor reactive species. This study broadens the mechanistic understanding of metal-based AOPs using PAA in combination with chelating agents and indicates the PAA-Mn(II)-PICA system as a novel AOP for wastewater treatment.
Topics: Peracetic Acid; Hydrogen Peroxide; Wastewater; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Oxidation-Reduction
PubMed: 37224105
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c00765 -
Chemosphere Mar 2022Peracetic acid (PAA) oxidation is an emerging technology in water disinfection and purification. This study evaluated the oxidation of three pyrazolone pharmaceuticals...
Peracetic acid (PAA) oxidation is an emerging technology in water disinfection and purification. This study evaluated the oxidation of three pyrazolone pharmaceuticals (i.e., Aminopyrine (AMP), Antipyrine (ANT), and Isopropylphenazone (PRP) by PAA. Experimental results showed that PAA exhibited structure selectivity to the above three pharmaceuticals and oxidized AMP with the highest reactivity. The degradation kinetics of AMP was investigated by calculating the apparent second-order rate constants (k) under different initial pH. Through kinetic simulation, the second-order rate constants of elementary reactions between AMP (i.e., neutral (AMP) and protonated (AMP) species) with PAA (i.e., neutral (PAA) and anionic (PAA) species) were obtained to be 0.34 ± 0.077 M s(k"), 0.89 ± 0.091 M s(k") and 5.94 ± 0.142 M s(k"), respectively. The PAA could oxidize AMP via electrophilic attack, and the degradation site of AMP was confirmed to be the central nitrogen of -N(CH) with the highest relative electrophilicity (s/s, 48.8614) by Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculation. The intermediates/products of AMP degradation were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and the transformation pathways of AMP during PAA oxidation were inferred to be hydroxylation, demethylation, and CC cleavage. The genetic toxicity of AMP contaminated water could be reduced after PAA oxidation, which was evaluated by the micronucleus test of Vicia faba root tips.
Topics: Aminopyrine; Chromatography, Liquid; Hydrogen Peroxide; Kinetics; Oxidation-Reduction; Peracetic Acid; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Water Purification
PubMed: 34800509
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132947 -
Journal of Food Protection Nov 2023Produce-borne outbreaks of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) linked to preharvest water emphasize the need for efficacious water treatment options. This...
Produce-borne outbreaks of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) linked to preharvest water emphasize the need for efficacious water treatment options. This study quantified reductions of STEC and generic E. coli in preharvest agricultural water using commercially available sanitizers. Water was collected from two sources in Virginia (pond, river) and inoculated with either a seven-strain STEC panel or environmental generic E. coli strain TVS 353 (∼9 log CFU/100 mL). Triplicate inoculated water samples were equilibrated to 12 or 32°C and treated with peracetic acid (PAA) or chlorine (Cl) [low (PAA:6ppm, Cl:2-4 ppm) or high (PAA:10 ppm, Cl:10-12 ppm) residual concentrations] for an allotted contact time (1, 5, or 10 min). Strains were enumerated, and a log-linear model was used to characterize how treatment combinations influenced reductions. All Cl treatment combinations achieved a ≥3 log CFU/100 mL reduction, regardless of strain (3.43 ± 0.25 to 7.05 ± 0.00 log CFU/100 mL). Approximately 80% (19/24) and 67% (16/24) of PAA treatment combinations achieved a ≥3 log CFU/100 mL for STEC and E. coli TVS 353, respectively. The log-linear model showed contact time (10 > 5 > 1 min) and sanitizer type (Cl > PAA) had the greatest impact on STEC and E. coli TVS 353 reductions (p < 0.001). E. coli TVS 353 in water samples was more resistant to sanitizer treatment (p < 0.001) indicating applicability as a good surrogate. Results demonstrated Cl and PAA can be effective agricultural water treatment strategies when sanitizer chemistry is managed. These data will assist with the development of in-field validation studies and may identify suitable candidates for the registration of antimicrobial pesticide products for use against foodborne pathogens in preharvest agricultural water treatment.
Topics: Peracetic Acid; Shiga-Toxigenic Escherichia coli; Chlorine; Colony Count, Microbial; Anti-Infective Agents; Food Microbiology
PubMed: 37783289
DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2023.100172 -
Chemosphere Oct 2020With low potential to generate harmful by-products, peracetic acid (PAA) has drawn increasing attention as an alternative oxidant for disinfection and advanced oxidation...
With low potential to generate harmful by-products, peracetic acid (PAA) has drawn increasing attention as an alternative oxidant for disinfection and advanced oxidation processes in wastewater treatment. Commercial formulations contain significant concentrations of both PAA and HO in aqueous solutions and a robust method to distinctively quantify the two respective oxidants simultaneously is needed. This study aimed to improve the accuracy of employing methyl p-tolyl sulfide (MTS) and triphenylphosphine (TPP) as indicators for PAA and HO, respectively, under various environmental conditions, by the detection of the oxidation products of sulfoxide MTSO and phosphine oxide TPPO using HPLC-UV. To improve the analytical method, the reaction rates of MTS and TPP with PAA and HO, impact of pH on the detection, and matrix effects of real wastewater effluents and produce wash water were evaluated to minimize the interference of HO with PAA determination. The determined rate constants of PAA reaction with MTS (k=34.6±0.4Ms in 2/1 HO/acetonitrile (ACN) (v/v)) and HO reaction with TPP ( [Formula: see text] in 1/1 HO/ACN (v/v)) provided the fundamental guidance to optimize the method. Overall, a highly accurate and sensitive method for simultaneous quantification of PAA and HO (method quantification limit = 0.8 and 6.0 μM, respectively) is established and will be useful for various environmental samples with PAA and HO applications.
Topics: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disinfection; Hydrogen Peroxide; Oxidants; Oxidation-Reduction; Peracetic Acid; Wastewater; Water; Water Purification
PubMed: 32505952
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127229 -
International Journal of Antimicrobial... Oct 2020Acanthamoebae are facultative parasites causing rare but serious infections such as keratitis and encephalitis and are also known as vectors for several bacterial...
Acanthamoebae are facultative parasites causing rare but serious infections such as keratitis and encephalitis and are also known as vectors for several bacterial pathogens, including legionellae and pseudomonads. Acanthamoeba cysts are particularly resilient and enable the amoebae to withstand desiccation and to resist disinfection and therapy. While the search for new therapeutic options has been intensified in the past years, hand and surface disinfectants as well as topical antiseptics for preventing infections have not been studied in detail to date. The aim of this study was to screen well-known and commonly used antimicrobial products in various formulations and different concentrations for their efficacy against Acanthamoeba trophozoites and cysts, including aliphatic alcohols, quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs), peracetic acid (PAA), potassium peroxymonosulfate sulfate (PPMS) and octenidine dihydrochloride (OCT). Of all products tested, OCT and QACs showed the highest efficacy, totally eradicating both trophozoites and cysts within 1 min. The determined 50% effective concentration (EC) for cysts was 0.196 mg/mL for OCT and 0.119 mg/mL for QACs after 1 min of exposure. PAA and PPMS showed reliable cysticidal efficacies only with prolonged incubation times of 30 min and 60 min, respectively. Aliphatic alcohols generally had limited efficacy, and only against trophozoites. In conclusion, OCT and QACs are potent actives against Acanthamoeba trophozoites and cysts at concentrations used in commercially available products, within contact times suitable for surface and hand disinfection as well as topical antisepsis.
Topics: Acanthamoeba; Acanthamoeba Keratitis; Alcohols; Antiparasitic Agents; Disinfectants; Disinfection; Hand Disinfection; Humans; Imines; Peracetic Acid; Pyridines; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Sulfuric Acids; Trophozoites
PubMed: 32739477
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.106122 -
Chemosphere Dec 2018Peracetic acid (PAA) has gained increasing attention over the last decades as a suitable and environmentally-friendly alternative to chlorine-based compounds for... (Review)
Review
Peracetic acid (PAA) has gained increasing attention over the last decades as a suitable and environmentally-friendly alternative to chlorine-based compounds for wastewater disinfection, claiming limited disinfection by-products (DBPs) formed and no persistent residues in the environment. The present work aims at presenting a comprehensive and updated review of the ecotoxicological effects of effluents treated with PAA, to be ascribed to residual PAA and hydrogen peroxide (HO) and DBP formation. Modest concentrations of DBPs have been observed after PAA treatment, mainly carboxylic acids, which are not recognized as genotoxic. Moreover, there is no evidence of any endocrine disruption potential of PAA in human health or in the ecotoxicological studies. The associated HO fraction can potentially minimize the formation of halogenated DBPs and also contribute to the acute toxic effects of treated effluents. Effluents disinfected with PAA at concentrations typical of the wastewater treatment field have displayed limited toxic, mutagenic and genotoxic effects on different aquatic organisms, particularly low compared to chlorine-based disinfectants.
Topics: Disinfection; Ecotoxicology; Humans; Peracetic Acid
PubMed: 30212717
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.09.005 -
Environmental Research Feb 2023Recently, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) based upon peracetic acid (PAA) with high efficiency for degrading aqueous organic contaminants have attracted extensive...
Recently, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) based upon peracetic acid (PAA) with high efficiency for degrading aqueous organic contaminants have attracted extensive attention. Herein, a novel metal-free N-doped carbonaceous catalyst, namely, carbonized polyaniline (CPANI), was applied to activate PAA to degrade phenolic and pharmaceutical pollutants. The results showed that the CPANI/PAA system could effectively degrade 10 μM phenol in 60 min with low concentrations of PAA (0.1 mM) and catalyst (25 mg L). This system also performed well within a wide pH range of 5-9 and displayed high tolerance to Cl, HCO and humic acid. The nonradical pathway [singlet oxygen (O)] was found to be the dominant pathway for degrading organic contaminants in the CPNAI/PAA system. Systematic characterization revealed that the graphitic N, pyridinic N, carbonyl groups (CO) and defects played the role of active sites on CPANI during the activation of PAA. The catalytic capacity of spent CPANI could be conveniently recovered by thermal treatment. The findings will be helpful for the application of metal-free carbonaceous catalyst/PAA processes in decontaminating water.
Topics: Hydrogen Peroxide; Peracetic Acid; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Metals; Oxidation-Reduction; Phenols; Water
PubMed: 36513128
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115035 -
Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 2021The most currently recommended method for sterilization of orthodontic pliers is the autoclave, while peracetic acid has also been shown to be effective in the chemical...
INTRODUCTION
The most currently recommended method for sterilization of orthodontic pliers is the autoclave, while peracetic acid has also been shown to be effective in the chemical sterilization process.
OBJECTIVE
This study sought to compare the corrosive effects of peracetic acid and autoclave sterilization process of orthodontic pliers.
METHODS
Four active tungsten carbide (WC) stainless steel tie-cutting pliers from the manufacturers Quinelato (Rio Claro, SP, Brazil) and ICE (Cajamar, SP, Brazil) were selected. The active ends of the pliers were sectioned, and six active tips were obtained and distributed into the following groups: 1) control group (no sterilization); 2) AC group (two active pliers tips submitted to 100 autoclave sterilization cycles); and 3) AP group (two active pliers tips submitted to 100 cycles of sterilization by immersion in 2% peracetic acid solution for 30 minutes).
RESULTS
Chemical analysis using X-ray dispersive energy spectroscopy showed that after autoclave sterilization, only the ICE pliers presented oxidation corrosion (Δ[O] = +24.5%; Δ[Fe] = +5.8%; Δ[WC] = -1.9%). In comparison, following peracetic acid sterilization, both manufacturers ICE (Δ[O] = +1.8%; Δ[Fe] = +18.0%; Δ[WC] = -1.1%) and Quinelato (Δ[O] = +5.3%; Δ[Fe] = -10.4%; Δ[WC] = -15.2%) showed corrosion. The morphological analysis revealed that peracetic acid caused a pitting and localized corrosion in both brands, while the autoclave caused uniform surface corrosion on the ICE pliers.
CONCLUSION
Autoclave application was the sterilization method that generated less corrosive damage to the orthodontic cutting pliers, when compared to the immersion in 2% peracetic acid.
Topics: Caustics; Corrosion; Peracetic Acid; Pilot Projects; Sterilization
PubMed: 35640079
DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.26.5.e2119353.oar -
Environmental Science & Technology Apr 2022Peracetic acid has quickly gained ground in water treatment over the last decade. Specifically, its disinfection efficacy toward a wide spectrum of microorganisms in...
Peracetic acid has quickly gained ground in water treatment over the last decade. Specifically, its disinfection efficacy toward a wide spectrum of microorganisms in wastewater is accompanied by the simplicity of its handling and use. Moreover, peracetic acid represents a promising option to achieve disinfection while reducing the concentration of typical chlorination byproducts in the final effluent. However, its chemical behavior is still amply debated. In this study, the reactivity of peracetic acid in the presence of halides, namely, chloride and bromide, was investigated in both synthetic waters and in a real contaminated water. While previous studies focused on the ability of this disinfectant to form halogenated byproducts in the presence of dissolved organic matter and halides, this work indicates that peracetic acid also contributes itself as a primary source in the formation of these potentially carcinogenic compounds. Specifically, this study suggests that 1.5 mM peracetic acid may form around 1-10 μg/L of bromoform when bromide is present. Bromoform formation reaches a maximum at near neutral pH, which is highly relevant for wastewater management.
Topics: Bromides; Disinfectants; Disinfection; Peracetic Acid; Wastewater; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Water Purification
PubMed: 35357818
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c06118 -
Water Research Aug 2023In this study, a novel water treatment process combining permanganate (Mn(VII)) and peracetic acid (PAA, CHC(O)OOH) was employed to degrade sulfamethazine (SMT), a...
In this study, a novel water treatment process combining permanganate (Mn(VII)) and peracetic acid (PAA, CHC(O)OOH) was employed to degrade sulfamethazine (SMT), a typical model contaminant. Simultaneous application of Mn(VII) and a small amount of PAA resulted in much faster oxidation of organics than a single oxidant. Interestingly, coexistent acetic acid played a crucial role in SMT degradation, while background hydrogen peroxide (HO) had a negligible effect. However, compared with acetic acid, PAA could better improve the oxidation performance of Mn(VII) and accelerate the removal of SMT more significantly. The mechanism of SMT degradation by Mn(VII)-PAA process was systematically evaluated. Firstly, based on the quenching experiments, electron spin resonance (EPR) results and UV-visible spectrum, singlet oxygen (O), Mn(III) and MnO colloids were the predominant active substances, while organic radicals (R-O) showed negligible contribution. Then, the decay of Mn(VII) in the presence of PAA and HO was investigated. It was found that the coexisting HO accounted for almost all the decay of Mn(VII), PAA and acetic acid both had low reactivity toward Mn(VII). During the degradation process, acetic acid was able to acidify Mn(VII) and simultaneously acted as a ligand to form reactive complexes, while PAA mainly played a role of spontaneously decomposing to produce O, they jointly promoted the mineralization of SMT. Finally, the degradation intermediates of SMT and their toxicities were analyzed. This paper reported the Mn(VII)-PAA water treatment process for the first time, which provided a promising approach for rapid decontamination of refractory organics-polluted water.
Topics: Oxides; Manganese Compounds; Peracetic Acid; Sulfamethazine; Hydrogen Peroxide; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Oxidation-Reduction; Acetic Acid
PubMed: 37413749
DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120298