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Romanian Journal of Internal Medicine =... 2015Studies often suggest hypoxemia is an important factor for sodium retention in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), although hypercapnia is also associated with...
INTRODUCTION
Studies often suggest hypoxemia is an important factor for sodium retention in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), although hypercapnia is also associated with sodium retention in these patients. Hence, we have presented the major role of PaCO(2) in edema due to COPD.
METHOD
COPD patients who were hospitalized due to exacerbation were enrolled in the study and divided into two groups: with and without edema. Exclusion criteria included primary hepatic diseases, nephrotic syndrome and other renal diseases, left heart failure, or using drugs that would interfere with these organs or endocrine function. Data were coded and analyzed by SPSS software. Arterial blood gas variables including bicarbonate, pH, and PaO(2), PaCO(2) and O(2) saturation, and FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC were measured and compared between the groups.
RESULTS
No significant difference was found between the averages of bicarbonate, pH, PaO(2), 02 saturation, FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC in COPD in the two groups. PaCO(2) levels were significantly higher in patients with edema, compared to those without edema (p = 0.05). A reverse and significant correlation between PaCo(2) and FEV1 levels (p = 0.03) (r = -0.501) was observed in patients with edema.
CONCLUSION
This study suggests that hypercapnia is a major factor in causing edema in COPD patients compared to hypoxemia.
Topics: Aged; Carbon Dioxide; Cross-Sectional Studies; Edema; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive
PubMed: 26939211
DOI: 10.1515/rjim-2015-0044 -
Medicina 2023The complex, heterogeneous, and dynamic interaction between the interstitial and intravascular fluid compartments is one of the main reasons for the wide variability in...
The complex, heterogeneous, and dynamic interaction between the interstitial and intravascular fluid compartments is one of the main reasons for the wide variability in the distribution and severity of congestion among patients with acute heart failure. The "hemodynamic congestion" often goes undetected clinically; as opposed to "clinical congestion", which occurs later and is evidenced by dyspnea and orthopnea, rales, peripheral edema, and jugular venous distension. Clinical signs, chest X-ray, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) or N-terminal-proBNP (NT-proBNP), central venous pressure (CVP), echocardiogram, inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter, and pulmonary wedge pressure are the most commonly used elements to assess congestion. Other alternatives are pulmonary and visceral ultrasound (VEXUS), CA 125 and other markers, and recently, the CardioMems system.
Topics: Humans; Heart Failure; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; Edema; Ultrasonography; Echocardiography; Dyspnea; Peptide Fragments
PubMed: 38117713
DOI: No ID Found -
European Radiology Jul 2021To evaluate for the first time the performance of a deep learning method based on no-new-Net for fully automated segmentation and volumetric measurements of...
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate for the first time the performance of a deep learning method based on no-new-Net for fully automated segmentation and volumetric measurements of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), intraventricular extension of intracerebral hemorrhage (IVH), and perihematomal edema (PHE) in primary ICH on CT.
METHODS
Three hundred and eighty primary ICH patients who underwent CT at hospital arrival were divided into a training cohort (n = 300) and a validation cohort (n = 80). An independent cohort with 80 patients was used for testing. Ground truth (segmentation masks) was manually generated by radiologists. Model performance on lesion segmentation and volumetric measurement of ICH, IVH, and PHE were evaluated by comparing the model results with the segmentations performed by radiologists.
RESULTS
In the test cohort, the Dice scores of lesion segmentation were 0.92, 0.79, and 0.71 for ICH, IVH, and PHE, respectively. The sensitivities were 0.93 for ICH, 0.88 for IVH, and 0.81 for PHE. The positive predictive values were 0.92, 0.76, and 0.69 for ICH, IVH, and PHE, respectively. Excellent concordance (concordance correlation coefficients [CCCs] ≥ 0.98) of ICH and IVH and good concordance of PHE (CCCs ≥ 0.92) were demonstrated between manually and automatically measured volumes. The model took approximately 15 s to provide automatic segmentation and volume analysis for each patient.
CONCLUSION
Our model demonstrates good reliability for automatic segmentation and volume measurement of ICH, IVH, and PHE in primary ICH, which can be useful to reduce the effort and time of doctors to calculate volumes of ICH, IVH, and PHE.
KEY POINTS
• Deep learning algorithms can provide automatic and reliable assessment of intracerebral hemorrhage, intraventricular hemorrhage, and perihematomal edema on CT. • Non-contrast CT-based deep learning method can be helpful to provide efficient and accurate measurements of ICH, IVH, and PHE in primary ICH patients, thereby reducing the effort and time of doctors to segment and calculate volumes of ICH, IVH, and PHE in primary ICH patients.
Topics: Brain Edema; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Deep Learning; Edema; Humans; Intracranial Hemorrhages; Reproducibility of Results
PubMed: 33409788
DOI: 10.1007/s00330-020-07558-2 -
Zeitschrift Fur Rheumatologie Feb 2020Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a heterogeneous multifactorial disease with musculoskeletal involvement, which can be manifested as monoarthritis, oligoarthritis or... (Review)
Review
Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a heterogeneous multifactorial disease with musculoskeletal involvement, which can be manifested as monoarthritis, oligoarthritis or polyarthritis and in some patients can also affect the axial skeleton. The most frequent indications of inflammation are bone marrow edema and enthesitis. The early and differential diagnosis of PsA is a clinical challenge, particularly as a differential diagnosis from other inflammatory or degenerative diseases of joints. Inflammatory joint and tendon alterations in the region of the extremities and the spine can be visualized with high sensitivity by the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), musculoskeletal sonography (US) and fluorescence optical imaging (FOI). The use of MRI has a prognostic value with respect to the further radiographic course of the disease, particularly in the initial stages of the disease. Structural damage can be specifically and also partially demonstrated 3‑dimensionally in peripheral joints and the spine by the use of computed tomography (CT) and conventional X‑ray imaging. High-resolution peripheral quantitative CT (HR-pQCT) in particular, can visualize pathophysiological processes and the morphological consequences even in early stages of the disease. The values of conventional X‑ray diagnostics, CT, MRI, musculoskeletal US and alternative imaging procedures are presented with respect to the diagnostics and prognosis of the progression of patients with PsA.
Topics: Arthritis, Psoriatic; Bone Marrow; Disease Progression; Edema; Enthesopathy; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 31822993
DOI: 10.1007/s00393-019-00735-9 -
Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis :... Jan 2019Essentials Phlebitis is one of the most frequent complications related to short peripheral catheters (SPC). A new SPC design, aimed for minimizing mechanical phlebitis,...
Essentials Phlebitis is one of the most frequent complications related to short peripheral catheters (SPC). A new SPC design, aimed for minimizing mechanical phlebitis, was tested in vivo in swine. MRI analysis revealed 40% less inflammation with the new SPC design compared to commercial SPC. The results confirm that our SPC biomechanical design approach can minimize phlebitis rates. SUMMARY: Background Short peripheral catheters (SPCs) are the most common intravenous device in today's medical practice. Short peripheral catheter thrombophlebitis (SPCT) occurs in up to 80% of hospitalized patients. Symptoms appear on average 3 days after catheter insertion and can lead to extended hospitalization and increased related costs. Here we introduce a novel SPC, named very short peripheral catheter (VSPC), that was designed to minimize biomechanical irritation and improve blood flow. Objective The goal was to test the performance of the novel catheter in vivo for reduction of thrombophlebitis. Methods Very short peripheral catheter prototypes were inserted into swine ear veins (n = 12). Verification of the catheter conformation in situ and blood perfusion was performed using Echo-Doppler. The SPCT development rate was measured using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 4 and 12 days after catheter insertion, and analyzed by means of edema and inflammation intensities. Blind histopathology analysis was performed on the veins postmortem. Clinically available SPC was used as a reference. Results Operation of the VSPC devices did not require any special skills over those used for the clinically available SPC. Echo-Doppler imaging confirmed that in contrast to the traditional SPC, the VSPC avoided contact with the vein wall and allowed better blood perfusion. The MRI analysis revealed 2-fold inflammation and edema rates (~80%) in the veins cannulated with the commercial SPC, whereas rates of only ~40% were seen with the novel VSPC. A similar trend was noticed in the histopathology analysis. Conclusions The results indicate that the novel catheter design significantly reduced SPCT rates and demonstrated proof of concept for our biomechanical approach.
Topics: Animals; Catheterization, Peripheral; Ear; Edema; Equipment Design; Female; Magnetic Resonance Angiography; Materials Testing; Models, Animal; Punctures; Sus scrofa; Thrombophlebitis; Time Factors; Ultrasonography, Doppler; Vascular Access Devices; Veins
PubMed: 30506866
DOI: 10.1111/jth.14350 -
Clinical and Experimental Dermatology Jul 2016
Topics: Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Edema; Humans; Leg; Male; Tramadol
PubMed: 26932660
DOI: 10.1111/ced.12822 -
The Australian and New Zealand Journal... Nov 2016
Topics: Aged; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Depressive Disorder; Edema; Female; Humans; Lower Extremity; Mianserin; Mirtazapine
PubMed: 27687778
DOI: 10.1177/0004867416670524 -
Targeted Oncology Sep 2022Small molecule mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) inhibitors, such as crizotinib, capmatinib, and tepotinib, are treatment options for metastatic non-small cell...
Small molecule mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) inhibitors, such as crizotinib, capmatinib, and tepotinib, are treatment options for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in adult patients whose tumors have a mutation that leads to MET exon 14 skipping. In clinical trials, these MET inhibitors were associated with a high incidence of peripheral edema, although this was generally mild-to-moderate in severity. There is limited information about the mechanism involved in MET inhibitor-induced peripheral edema. Perturbation of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/MET signaling may disrupt the permeability balance in the vascular endothelium and thus promote edema development. Another potential mechanism is through effects on renal function, although this is unlikely to be the primary mechanism. Because edema is common in cancer patients and may not necessarily be caused by the cancer treatment, or other conditions that have similar symptoms to peripheral edema, a thorough assessment is required to ascertain the underlying cause. Before starting MET-inhibitor therapy, patients should be educated about the possibility of developing peripheral edema. Patient limb volume should be measured before initiating treatment, to aid assessment if symptoms develop. Since the exact mechanism of MET inhibitor-induced edema is unknown, management is empiric, with common approaches including compression stockings, specific exercises, massage, limb elevation, and/or diuretic treatment. Although not usually required, discontinuation of MET inhibitor treatment generally resolves peripheral edema. Early diagnosis and management, as well as patient information and education, are vital to decrease the clinical burden associated with edema, and to reinforce capmatinib treatment adherence.
Topics: Adult; Benzamides; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Crizotinib; Diuretics; Edema; Exons; Hepatocyte Growth Factor; Humans; Imidazoles; Lung Neoplasms; Mutation; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met; Triazines
PubMed: 36087188
DOI: 10.1007/s11523-022-00912-y -
Journal of Ethnopharmacology Aug 2021Ophiorrhiza rugosa var. prostrata is a traditional medicinal plant used by the indigenous and local tribes (Chakma, Marma and Tanchangya) of Bangladesh for the...
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE
Ophiorrhiza rugosa var. prostrata is a traditional medicinal plant used by the indigenous and local tribes (Chakma, Marma and Tanchangya) of Bangladesh for the management of chest pain, body ache, and earache. However, the knowledge of anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory potentials of this plant is scarce.
AIM OF THE STUDY
Therefore, we scrutinized the anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties of O. rugosa leaves along with its possible mechanism(s) of action using chemical and heat-induced pain models.
METHODS AND MATERIALS
O. rugosa was extracted using 100% ethanol (EEOR) followed by exploring phytochemicals and assessing acute toxicity. To determine anti-nociceptive potentials, chemical-induced (acetic acid and formalin) and heat-induced (hot plate and tail immersion) nociceptive models were followed. To investigate the possible involvement of opioid receptors during formalin, hot plate, and tail immersion tests, naltrexone was administered whereas methylene blue and glibenclamide were used to explore cGMP involvement and ATP-sensitive K channel pathways, respectively. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory potential was assessed using the carrageenan-induced paw edema test model. Motor behaviours of EEOR were assessed by the open-field test. Finally, bioactive constituents (identified by GC-MS) from O. rugosa were subjected to molecular docking and ADME/t analysis to evaluate its potency and safety.
RESULTS
During chemical-induced and heat-induced pain models, EEOR exhibited significant and effective nociception suppression at all experimental doses (200 and 400 mg/kg). Also, the administration of naltrexone corroborated the association of opioid receptors with the anti-nociceptive activity by EEOR. Similarly, cGMP and ATP-sensitive K channel pathways were also found to be involved in the anti-nociceptive mechanism. Furthermore, significant and dose-dependent inhibition of inflammation induced by carrageenan was recorded for EEOR. Both doses of EEOR did not affect the animal's locomotor capacity in the open-field test. Besides, in silico test identified the key compounds (loliolide, harman, squalene, vitamin E, and gamma-sitosterol) that inhibited some particular receptors regarding pain and inflammation.
CONCLUSION
This research exposes central and peripheral pain intervention as well as anti-inflammatory activity of O. rugosa. Also, the identified compounds from this plant support its activities by effectively inhibiting anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory receptors. Overall, these outcomes valorize the ethnomedicinal efficacy of O. rugosa in managing various painful conditions.
Topics: Acetic Acid; Analgesics; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Behavior, Animal; Carrageenan; Central Nervous System; Disease Models, Animal; Edema; Female; Formaldehyde; Hot Temperature; Locomotion; Male; Mice; Molecular Docking Simulation; Nociception; Pain; Peripheral Nervous System; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Receptors, Opioid; Rubiaceae
PubMed: 33964360
DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114182 -
Journal of Ethnopharmacology Jun 2023Cenchrus ciliaris L. belongs to the family Poaceae and is found all over the world. It is native to the Cholistan desert of Pakistan where it is locally known as...
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE
Cenchrus ciliaris L. belongs to the family Poaceae and is found all over the world. It is native to the Cholistan desert of Pakistan where it is locally known as 'Dhaman'. Owing to high nutritional value, C. ciliaris is used as fodder while seeds are used for bread making which are consumed by locals. It also possesses medicinal value and is extensively employed to treat pain, inflammation, urinary tract infection, and tumors.
AIM OF STUDY
Studies on the pharmacological activities of C. ciliaris are scarce in spite of its several traditional uses. To the best of our knowledge, no comprehensive study has been conducted on anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-pyretic activity of C. ciliaris until now. Here we employed an integrative phytochemical and in - vivo framework to evaluate the potential biological activities of C. ciliaris against inflammation, nociception and pyrexia experimentally induced in rodents.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
C. ciliaris was collected from the desert of Cholistan, Bahawalpur, Pakistan. Phytochemical profiling of C. ciliaris was done by employing GC-MS analysis. Anti-inflammatory activity of plant extract was initially determined by various in - vitro assays including albumin denaturation assay and RBC membrane stabilization assays. Finally, rodents were utilized to evaluate in - vivo anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and anti-nociceptive activities.
RESULTS
Our data revealed the presence of 67 phytochemicals in methanolic extract of C. ciliaris. The methanolic extract of C. ciliaris provided RBC membrane stabilization by 65.89 ± 0.32% and protection against albumin denaturation by 71.91 ± 3.42% at 1 mg/ml concentration. In in - vivo acute inflammatory models, C. ciliaris exhibited 70.33 ± 1.03, 62.09 ± 8.98, 70.24 ± 0.95% anti-inflammatory activity at concentration of 300 mg/ml against carrageenan, histamine and serotonin induced inflammation. In CFA induced arthritis, inhibition of inflammation was found to be 48.85 ± 5.11% at 300 mg/ml dose after 28 days of treatment. In anti-nociceptive assays C. ciliaris exhibited significant analgesic activity in both peripheral and centrally mediated pain. The C. ciliaris also reduced the temperature by 75.26 ± 1.41% in yeast induced pyrexia.
CONCLUSION
C. ciliaris exhibited anti-inflammatory effect against acute and chronic inflammation. It also showed significant anti-nociceptive and anti-pyretic activity which endorses its traditional use in the management of pain and inflammatory disorders.
Topics: Cenchrus; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Analgesics; Fever; Plant Extracts; Carrageenan; Inflammation; Pain; Methanol; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Edema
PubMed: 36868441
DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116332