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Revista Alergia Mexico (Tecamachalco,... 2020Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome is a rare disorder that is characterized, in its full form, by recurrent facial nerve palsy, fissured tongue, and orofacial edema. Most...
BACKGROUND
Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome is a rare disorder that is characterized, in its full form, by recurrent facial nerve palsy, fissured tongue, and orofacial edema. Most cases present as oligosymptomatic or monosymptomatic forms. Its etiology is still unknown and its course is chronic and it may be progressive.
CASE REPORT
We present the case of a nine-year-old girl with recurrent episodes of peripheral facial nerve palsy. During the study, lip edema, benign migratory glossitis, and angular cheilitis were observed, which is why a clinical diagnosis of Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome was made.
CONCLUSIONS
This syndrome must be considered in the differential diagnosis with the presence of acute peripheral facial nerve palsy and/or facial edema due to its behavior and progressive evolution.
Topics: Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Edema; Facial Nerve; Female; Humans; Melkersson-Rosenthal Syndrome; Paralysis
PubMed: 33631910
DOI: 10.29262/ram.v67i4.791 -
Clinical Radiology Sep 2023To describe the imaging features of fasciitis ossificans and its histopathological features.
AIM
To describe the imaging features of fasciitis ossificans and its histopathological features.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Using a word search of existing pathology reports at the Mayo Clinic, six cases of fasciitis ossificans were identified. The clinical history, histology, and available imaging of the affected area were reviewed.
RESULTS
Imaging consisted of radiographs, mammograms, ultrasound images, bone scintigraphs, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images. All cases demonstrated a soft-tissue mass. The characteristic MRI appearance was a T2 hyperintense enhancing mass with surrounding soft-tissue oedema. Peripheral calcifications were seen on radiographs, CT, and/or ultrasound. Histological sections showed distinct zonation, with nodular fasciitis-like zones of myofibroblastic proliferation, which merged with osteoblasts that rim the ill-defined trabeculae of woven bone and became continuous with the mature lamellar bone surrounded by a thin layer of compressed fibrous tissue.
CONCLUSION
Imaging features of fasciitis ossificans are that of an enhancing soft-tissue mass located within a fascial plane with prominent surrounding oedema and mature peripheral calcification. Imaging and histology are that of myositis ossificans but occurring within the fascia. It is important that radiologists are aware of the diagnosis of fasciitis ossificans and appreciate its similarity to myositis ossificans. This is particularly important in anatomical locations with fascias but no muscle. Given the radiographic and histological overlap between these entities, nomenclature that encompasses both could be considered in the future.
Topics: Humans; Myositis Ossificans; Diagnosis, Differential; Fasciitis; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Calcinosis; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Edema
PubMed: 37331849
DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.05.008 -
La Revue de Medecine Interne Nov 2015Eosinophilic fasciitis (EF) is a rare connective tissue disease characterized by symmetrical and painful swelling with a progressive induration and thickening of the... (Review)
Review
Eosinophilic fasciitis (EF) is a rare connective tissue disease characterized by symmetrical and painful swelling with a progressive induration and thickening of the skin and soft tissues. The diagnosis of EF is often based on the association of characteristic skin or subcutaneous abnormalities and a thickened fascia with an inflammatory infiltration, mostly composed of lymphocytes and eosinophils. A peripheral eosinophilia is frequently present (60-90%) but is not mandatory for the EF diagnosis. At the onset, the morphological diagnosis might be helped by a muscle magnetic resonance imaging, which typically may evidence an increased signal intensity within the fascia and marked fascia enhancement after gadolinium administration at the acute phase of the disease. Differential diagnoses include eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome after L-tryprophane ingestion, hypereosinophilic syndromes (HES), systemic sclerosis, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangeitis, and peripheral T cell lymphomas with cutaneous involvement. There is no consensual therapeutic strategy. However, oral corticosteroids, with or without methylprednisolone pluses, remain the mainstay treatment with a significant improvement for the majority of patients. It might be associated to an immunosuppressive drug, mainly methotrexate, in patients with morphea-like lesions or an unsatisfactory response to corticosteroids alone.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Edema; Eosinophilia; Fasciitis; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Hyperpigmentation; Immunosuppressive Agents; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Muscle, Skeletal; Myalgia
PubMed: 26385125
DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2015.08.002 -
Journal of Ethnopharmacology Jun 2023Cenchrus ciliaris L. belongs to the family Poaceae and is found all over the world. It is native to the Cholistan desert of Pakistan where it is locally known as...
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE
Cenchrus ciliaris L. belongs to the family Poaceae and is found all over the world. It is native to the Cholistan desert of Pakistan where it is locally known as 'Dhaman'. Owing to high nutritional value, C. ciliaris is used as fodder while seeds are used for bread making which are consumed by locals. It also possesses medicinal value and is extensively employed to treat pain, inflammation, urinary tract infection, and tumors.
AIM OF STUDY
Studies on the pharmacological activities of C. ciliaris are scarce in spite of its several traditional uses. To the best of our knowledge, no comprehensive study has been conducted on anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-pyretic activity of C. ciliaris until now. Here we employed an integrative phytochemical and in - vivo framework to evaluate the potential biological activities of C. ciliaris against inflammation, nociception and pyrexia experimentally induced in rodents.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
C. ciliaris was collected from the desert of Cholistan, Bahawalpur, Pakistan. Phytochemical profiling of C. ciliaris was done by employing GC-MS analysis. Anti-inflammatory activity of plant extract was initially determined by various in - vitro assays including albumin denaturation assay and RBC membrane stabilization assays. Finally, rodents were utilized to evaluate in - vivo anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and anti-nociceptive activities.
RESULTS
Our data revealed the presence of 67 phytochemicals in methanolic extract of C. ciliaris. The methanolic extract of C. ciliaris provided RBC membrane stabilization by 65.89 ± 0.32% and protection against albumin denaturation by 71.91 ± 3.42% at 1 mg/ml concentration. In in - vivo acute inflammatory models, C. ciliaris exhibited 70.33 ± 1.03, 62.09 ± 8.98, 70.24 ± 0.95% anti-inflammatory activity at concentration of 300 mg/ml against carrageenan, histamine and serotonin induced inflammation. In CFA induced arthritis, inhibition of inflammation was found to be 48.85 ± 5.11% at 300 mg/ml dose after 28 days of treatment. In anti-nociceptive assays C. ciliaris exhibited significant analgesic activity in both peripheral and centrally mediated pain. The C. ciliaris also reduced the temperature by 75.26 ± 1.41% in yeast induced pyrexia.
CONCLUSION
C. ciliaris exhibited anti-inflammatory effect against acute and chronic inflammation. It also showed significant anti-nociceptive and anti-pyretic activity which endorses its traditional use in the management of pain and inflammatory disorders.
Topics: Cenchrus; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Analgesics; Fever; Plant Extracts; Carrageenan; Inflammation; Pain; Methanol; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Edema
PubMed: 36868441
DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116332 -
Journal of the International Society of... Dec 2021Ultra-endurance cyclists regularly report various extents of bodily decline during long-distance bicycle rides, including potential kidney function-related symptoms such...
BACKGROUND
Ultra-endurance cyclists regularly report various extents of bodily decline during long-distance bicycle rides, including potential kidney function-related symptoms such as swelling of body parts and urine changes. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of these symptoms in a representative cohort of ultra-endurance cyclists and shed light on potential predictors related to the ride, the rider and the rider's behavior.
METHODS
Between November 26 and December 14, 2020, 1350 people participated in an online survey investigating potential kidney-related symptoms of ultra-distance cycling. Frequency and severity of edema-like ("swelling") symptoms and perceived changes in urine output, concentration and quality were associated with ride-related factors, demographic parameters and rider behavior-related variables.
RESULTS
A total of 919 participants met the predefined inclusion criteria. The majority (N = 603, 65.6%) stated that they suffered from at least one potential kidney function-related symptom, out of which 498 (54.2%) stated one or more edema-like ("swelling") symptoms. In correlational and multiple regression analyses, female sex, intake of analgesics and drinking strategies correlated with swelling symptoms. Further analyses indicated that drinking due to thirst and/or drinking adapted to ambient sweating and temperature negatively correlated with swelling symptoms, whereas "drinking as much as possible" enhanced these. Intake of analgesics was moderately positively correlated with swelling symptoms.
CONCLUSIONS
According to our survey, edema-like symptoms occur in the majority of ultra-distance cyclists and female sex, drinking strategy and intake of analgesic drugs are major predictors thereof. Studies are needed to investigate the underlying pathophysiological processes of such symptoms.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics; Athletes; Bicycling; Edema; Female; Humans; Hyponatremia; Male; Middle Aged; Physical Endurance
PubMed: 34863204
DOI: 10.1186/s12970-021-00470-0 -
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Nov 2023Minimally-invasive surgical techniques for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) evacuation use imaging to guide the suction, lysing and/or drainage from the hemorrhage site...
INTRODUCTION
Minimally-invasive surgical techniques for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) evacuation use imaging to guide the suction, lysing and/or drainage from the hemorrhage site via various designs. A previous international surgical study has shown that reduction of hematoma volume below 15 ml is indicative of improved long term patient outcomes. The study noted a need for tools to periodically visualize remaining clot during intervention to increase the likelihood of evacuating sufficient clot volumes without endangering rebleeds. Robust segmentation of MRI could guide surgeons and radiologists regarding remaining regions and approaches for prudent evacuation. We thus propose a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to identify and autonomously segment clot and peripheral edema in MR images of the brain and generate an estimate of the remaining clot volume.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We used a retrospective, locally-acquired dataset of ICH patient scans taken on 3 T MRI scanners. Three sets of ground truth manual segmentations were independently generated by two imaging scientists and one radiology fellow. Evaluation of clot age was determined based on relative contrast of hemorrhage components and reviewed by a neurosurgeon. Model accuracy was determined by pixel-wise Dice coefficient (DC) calculations between each ground truth manual segmentation and the machine-derived autonomous segmentations.
RESULTS
The model produced autonomous segmentations of clot core with an average DC of 0.75 ± 0.21 relative to manual segmentations of the same scans. For edema, it produced segmentations with an average DC of 0.68 ± 0.16 relative to manual. From these pixel-wise segmentations, clot volume can be calculated. Model-produced segmentations underestimated clot volumes by an average of 17% relative to ground-truth.
CONCLUSION
The machine learning models were able to identify and segment volumes of ICH components swiftly and accurately.
Topics: Humans; Retrospective Studies; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Neural Networks, Computer; Brain; Edema; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
PubMed: 37541456
DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2023.07.015 -
BMJ Case Reports Mar 2021Leiomyosarcomas arising directly from the blood vessels are rare. These tumours are formed from the muscular wall of either a major vein or artery. The authors describe...
Leiomyosarcomas arising directly from the blood vessels are rare. These tumours are formed from the muscular wall of either a major vein or artery. The authors describe the case of an 84-year-old woman with lower back pain with bilateral abdominal irradiation and marked peripheral oedema, who was diagnosed with leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava after biopsy of an infrahepatic mass. An endovascular prosthesis was placed as the patient was proposed for palliative care. Leiomyosarcomas of the inferior vena cava may present with non-specific symptoms. Therefore, the authors aim to draw attention to the diagnosis process, as well as imaging findings related to this pathology.
Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Edema; Female; Humans; Leiomyosarcoma; Vascular Diseases; Vascular Neoplasms; Vena Cava, Inferior
PubMed: 33782067
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-239839 -
American Journal of Therapeutics
Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Dibenzothiazepines; Edema; Humans
PubMed: 33369916
DOI: 10.1097/MJT.0000000000000970 -
American Journal of Physiology. Heart... Jul 2019Impairment of the myogenic response can affect capillary hydrostatic pressure and contribute to peripheral edema and exercise intolerance, which are markers of heart...
Impairment of the myogenic response can affect capillary hydrostatic pressure and contribute to peripheral edema and exercise intolerance, which are markers of heart failure (HF). The aim of this study was to assess the effects of exercise training (ET) on myogenic response in skeletal muscle resistance arteries and peripheral edema in HF rats, focusing on the potential signaling pathways involved in these adjustments. Male Wistar rats were submitted to either coronary artery occlusion or a sham-operated surgery. After 4 wk, an exercise test was performed, and the rats were divided into the following groups: untrained normal control (UNC) and untrained HF (UHF) and exercise- trained (on treadmill, 50-60% of maximal capacity) NC (TNC) and exercise-trained HF (THF). Caudal tibial artery (CTA) myogenic response was impaired in UHF compared with UNC, and ET restored this response in THF to NC levels and increased it in TNC. Rho kinase (ROCK) inhibitor abolished CTA myogenic response in the untrained and blunted it in exercise-trained groups. CTA-stored calcium (Ca) mobilization was higher in exercise-trained rats compared with untrained rats. The paw volume was higher in UHF rats, and ET decreased this response compared with UNC. Myogenic constriction was positively correlated with maximal running distance and negatively correlated with paw volume. The results demonstrate, for the first time, that HF impairs the myogenic response in skeletal muscle arteries, which contributes to peripheral edema in this syndrome. ET restores the myogenic response in skeletal muscle arteries improving Ca sensitization and handling. Additionally, this paradigm also improves peripheral edema and exercise intolerance. The novel and main finding of the present study is that moderate intensity exercise training restores the impaired myogenic response of skeletal muscle resistance arteries, exercise intolerance and peripheral edema in rats with heart failure. These results also show for the first time to our knowledge that exercise training improving calcium sensitization through the ROCK pathway and enhancing intracellular calcium handling could contribute to restoration of flow autoregulation to skeletal muscle in heart failure.
Topics: Animals; Calcium Signaling; Calcium-Binding Proteins; Disease Models, Animal; Edema; Exercise Therapy; Exercise Tolerance; Heart Failure; Male; Muscle, Skeletal; Physical Conditioning, Animal; Rats, Wistar; Recovery of Function; Running; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases; Tibial Arteries; Vascular Resistance; Vasoconstriction; rho-Associated Kinases
PubMed: 31050559
DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00042.2019 -
Journal of Ethnopharmacology May 2017Doliocarpus dentatus is a medicinal plant widely used in Mato Grosso do Sul State for removing the swelling pain caused by the inflammation process and for treating...
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE
Doliocarpus dentatus is a medicinal plant widely used in Mato Grosso do Sul State for removing the swelling pain caused by the inflammation process and for treating urine retention.
AIM OF THE STUDY
The genotoxic aspects and the anti-inflammatory and antimycobacterial activity of the ethanolic extract obtained from the leaves of D. dentatus (EEDd) were investigated.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The EEDd was evaluated against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and the compound composition was evaluated and identified by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The mice received oral administration of EEDd (30-300mg/kg) in carrageenan models of inflammation, and EEDd (10-1000mg/kg) was assayed by the comet, micronucleus, and phagocytosis tests and by the peripheral leukocyte count.
RESULTS
Phenols (204.04mg/g), flavonoids (89.17mg/g), and tannins (12.05mg/g) as well as sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, kaempferol 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside, betulinic acid and betulin were present in the EEDd. The value of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of EEDd was 62.5µg/mL. The EEDd induced a significant decrease in the edema, mechanical hypersensitivity and leukocyte migration induced by carrageenan. The comet and micronucleus tests indicated that the EEDd was not genotoxic. The EEDd also did not change the phagocytic activity or the leukocyte perLipheral count.
CONCLUSIONS
The EEDd does not display genotoxicity, phagocytosis and could act as an antimycobacterial and anti-inflammatory agent. This study should contribute to ensuring the safe use of EEDd.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Carrageenan; Comet Assay; Dilleniaceae; Edema; Flavonoids; Hyperalgesia; Leukocytes; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Micronucleus Tests; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Phagocytosis; Phenols; Plant Extracts; Pleurisy; Tannins
PubMed: 28392458
DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.04.004