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Eye & Contact Lens Nov 2019To investigate the effects of contact lens (CL) on the frequency of pinguecula, and the relationship between dry eye disease and pinguecula.
PURPOSE
To investigate the effects of contact lens (CL) on the frequency of pinguecula, and the relationship between dry eye disease and pinguecula.
METHODS
Two hundred and 33 cases of soft CL wearers and 230 age-matched nonwearers were enrolled in the study. Schirmer I test (ST) scores and tear break-up time (TBUT) were determined in all participants. A questionnaire including ocular surface disease index (OSDI), age, sex, and duration of CL wear was implemented to the participants before the examination.
RESULTS
The prevalence of pinguecula was 27.8% (n: 65) in the CL group and 26.5% (n: 61) in the control group. There was no significant difference between the groups (P=0.841). The prevalence of pinguecula increased with age in both groups. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of pinguecula when users were divided into three groups according to the duration of CL wear (P=0.575). The TBUT scores were lower, and the OSDI scores were higher in the CL group. The TBUT scores were lower in patients with pinguecula in both groups. The OSDI scores were higher in the CL group. There was no significant difference regarding the OSDI scores between patients with pinguecula and healthy participants in the CL group; however, OSDI scores were significantly higher in patients with pinguecula in control group. There were no significant differences in the ST scores between the groups, and between patients with pinguecula and healthy participants.
CONCLUSION
This is the second study that evaluates the effects of soft CL wearing on pinguecula prevalence. We found that CL wearing does not affect the prevalence of pinguecula. Considering the OSDI scores in patients with pinguecula in the CL group, CL may suppress the irritant symptoms of pinguecula.
Topics: Adult; Aging; Contact Lenses, Hydrophilic; Dry Eye Syndromes; Female; Humans; Male; Pinguecula; Prevalence; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 30801268
DOI: 10.1097/ICL.0000000000000586 -
Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research 2023To assess the autofluorescence size and properties of pterygium and pinguecula by anterior segment autofluorescence (AS-AF) imaging and demonstrate the difference of...
PURPOSE
To assess the autofluorescence size and properties of pterygium and pinguecula by anterior segment autofluorescence (AS-AF) imaging and demonstrate the difference of autofluorescence size presented in AS-AF imaging compared to the extend size of the conjunctival lesion measured by anterior segment slit-lamp photography (AS-SLE).
METHODS
Twenty-five patients with primary pterygium and twenty-five with pinguecula were included in the study. In addition, 25 normal subjects were also enrolled as the control group. The AS-AF characteristics of pterygium and pinguecula lesions were analyzed. The size of lesions displayed in the AS-SLE photography versus the AS-AF images were also compared. AS-AF images were obtained using a Heidelberg retina angiograph which focused on the anterior segment. AS-SLE photography was acquired using a digital imaging system (BX900 HAAG-STREIT).
RESULTS
There were 44 (58.7%) male and 31 (41.3%) female patients; 19 (76%) and 20 (80%) patients had bilateral pterygium and pinguecula, respectively. All pinguecula lesions reflected hyperautofluorescence pattern in the AS-AF imaging. In 24 (96%) patients, the hyperautofluoresecence pattern was larger than the size of the clinical lesions displayed with the AS-SLE photography. Twenty-one (84%) patients with pterygium reflected a hyperautofluorescence pattern in AS-AF images; in one (4%) patient, the hyperautofluorescence pattern was larger than the clinical lesion size and four (16%) patients had no autofluorescence patterns in the AS-AF images. In the control group, in 14 (56%) subjects, a hypoautofluorescent pattern was revealed in the conjunctiva in AS-AF images. However, in 11 (44%) patients, hyperautofluorescence patterns were detected.
CONCLUSION
AS-AF is a useful modality to monitor vascularization in conjunctival lesions. Pingueculae and pterygium show hyperautofluorescence in AS-AF imaging. The real size of the pinguecula lesions may be estimated with AS-AF characteristics, mostly presenting larger than the area size in AS-SLE photography. The autofluorescence size of the pterygium is smaller than the extent of visible pterygium in slit-lamp photography.
PubMed: 37600917
DOI: 10.18502/jovr.v18i3.13773 -
Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift Der... Nov 2021
Topics: Conjunctiva; Conjunctival Diseases; Humans; Pinguecula; Pterygium
PubMed: 34542693
DOI: 10.1007/s00347-021-01502-5 -
Molecular Genetics and Metabolism May 2019Gaucher disease is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the gene GBA1, which encodes the lysosomal protein glucocerebrosidase.... (Review)
Review
Gaucher disease is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the gene GBA1, which encodes the lysosomal protein glucocerebrosidase. Patients with Gaucher disease generally have a variety of clinical manifestations ranging from visceral to neurological involvement and some develop ocular involvement. The most commonly affected organs include the spleen, liver, and bone. Moreover, patients often have hepatosplenomegaly, thrombocytopenia, anemia, and bone involvement related to deficient glucocerebrosidase and the subsequent accumulation of glucosylceramide and glucosylsphingosine in cells. A subset of patients develops neurological manifestations, including seizures, myoclonic epilepsy, and progressive neurodegeneration. Eye involvement tends to be less common and presents with diverse clinical findings. These rare and variable ocular manifestations, involving the vitreous, retina, cornea, uvea, conjunctiva and eye movements, can pose a diagnostic challenge for clinicians, especially those not familiar with the disorder. In this review, we explore the different ophthalmologic findings reported in patients with Gaucher disease, aiming to facilitate diagnosis and expedite treatment for patients presenting with ocular manifestations of this rare disorder.
Topics: Corneal Opacity; Eye; Eye Diseases; Eye Movements; Gaucher Disease; Humans; Mutation
PubMed: 31047801
DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2019.02.002 -
Journal of Ophthalmology 2023To assess the relationship between diabetes mellitus (DM) and the presence of pinguecula and to identify other risk factors associated with pinguecula in patients...
PURPOSE
To assess the relationship between diabetes mellitus (DM) and the presence of pinguecula and to identify other risk factors associated with pinguecula in patients attending the eye clinic at two tertiary university hospitals in Jordan.
METHODS
This was a comparative cross-sectional hospital-based study of 241 consecutive patients (122 patients with DM and 119 patients with no diabetes). All patients underwent complete ophthalmic examination, and data were collected regarding age, sex, occupational activity, presence and grade of pinguecula, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and presence of diabetic retinopathy.
RESULTS
The mean (standard deviation, SD) ages of the DM and non-DM groups were 59.5 (10.8) years and 59.0 (11.6) years (-value = 0.729), respectively. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of pinguecula between the diabetic and nondiabetic groups (66.4% vs. 66.5%, = 0.998). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that only outdoor occupational activity (OR = 5.16, 95% CI: 1.98-13.44, = 0.001) was associated with increased prevalence of pinguecula. DM was not significantly associated with pinguecula (OR = 0.96, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.55-1.67, = 0.873). Neither age nor sex were significantly associated with pinguecula (-value = 0.808, -value = 0.390), respectively.
CONCLUSION
DM was not significantly associated with the development of pinguecula in this Jordanian population. The prevalence of pinguecula was significantly associated with an outdoor occupational activity.
PubMed: 36895265
DOI: 10.1155/2023/9060495 -
American Journal of Ophthalmology Sep 2021To characterize the clinical and histopathologic features of actinic granuloma of the conjunctiva. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
To characterize the clinical and histopathologic features of actinic granuloma of the conjunctiva.
DESIGN
Retrospective observational case series METHODS: Institutional pathology records between 2014 and 2020 were searched for all cases of conjunctival actinic granuloma. Information collected included age, sex, ocular and medical history, clinical findings, laboratory workup, treatment, follow-up, pathologic diagnosis, and histopathologic inflammation pattern.
RESULTS
Eight eyes of 8 patients, 5 men and 3 women, with a median age of 43 years (mean 49, range 24-83) were identified. Clinical diagnosis was pterygium (n = 4, 50%), inflamed pterygium (n = 1, 13%), pterygium vs conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma (n = 1, 13%), episcleritis vs inflamed pinguecula (n = 1, 13%), and scleritis vs keratoacanthoma (n = 1, 13%). Of 5 lesions with follow-up information, none recurred following excision with a median follow-up of 9 weeks (mean 19 weeks, range 1-61 weeks). Allergy/atopy was documented in 4 of 7 (57%) patients with available medical information. There were no other systemic associations. Histopathologically, actinic granuloma was associated with pterygium (n = 6, 75%) and pinguecula (n = 2, 25%). All lesions were composed predominantly of histiocytes and a variable number of foreign body-type giant cells associated with a focus of severe actinic elastosis. The inflammatory pattern was giant cell (n = 4, 50%), sarcoidal (n = 2, 25%), histiocytic (n = 1, 13%), and combined histiocytic and sarcoidal (n = 1, 13%).
CONCLUSION
Conjunctival actinic granuloma has diverse clinical and histopathologic manifestations, which need to be distinguished from other autoimmune, neoplastic, and infectious etiologies. This lesion frequently occurs in pre-existing pterygium and pinguecula and may be associated with allergy and atopy.
Topics: Adult; Conjunctiva; Female; Granuloma; Humans; Male; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Pterygium; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 33895150
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2021.04.006 -
Klinische Monatsblatter Fur... Jun 2022Conjunctival tumors result from gain of tissue, which can be either degenerative or neoplastic, but also inflammatory. In this article, degenerative (pterygium and...
Conjunctival tumors result from gain of tissue, which can be either degenerative or neoplastic, but also inflammatory. In this article, degenerative (pterygium and pinguecula) as well as benign and malignant neoplastic conjunctival changes (epithelial, melanocytic and vascular tumors, choristomas as well as metastases) are discussed with regard to pathogenesis, symptoms, diagnostics and current status of treatment.
Topics: Conjunctiva; Conjunctival Neoplasms; Humans; Pterygium
PubMed: 35609810
DOI: 10.1055/a-1831-2648 -
Journal of Ophthalmology 2018In this study, we evaluated corneal epithelial integrity and tear film parameters in patients with inflamed pinguecula and compared these findings with their fellow eyes...
PURPOSE
In this study, we evaluated corneal epithelial integrity and tear film parameters in patients with inflamed pinguecula and compared these findings with their fellow eyes and with healthy controls.
METHODS
We evaluated the fluorescein staining properties and performed the tear break-up time (TBUT) test and Schirmer 2 test (ST2) measurements of 32 patients who had symptomatic unilateral inflamed pinguecula and compared the results with their fellow eyes and also with an age- and sex-matched control group.
RESULTS
Twenty-three eyes (72%) in the inflamed pinguecula group and 1 eye (3.1%) in the fellow eyes group had punctate epithelial staining (PES) or epithelial defect on the nasal cornea ( < 0.001). There was no PES or epithelial defect in the control group. Eyes with inflamed pinguecula ( = 32) had lower TBUT and ST2 values compared to the control group ( 32) ( < 0.001 for both). Fellow eyes ( 32) also had lower TBUT and ST2 values compared to the control group (=0.003 for both). There was no difference in the TBUT and ST2 results between the eyes with inflamed pinguecula and fellow eyes (=0.286 and =0.951, respectively).
CONCLUSION
A high percentage of eyes with inflamed pinguecula had nasal corneal epithelial staining or epithelial defect. We also found lower TBUT and ST2 results in eyes with inflamed pinguecula and the fellow eyes compared to the control group. These findings may be important in pathogenesis of pinguecula and pterygium and also in uncovering their relation.
PubMed: 30515317
DOI: 10.1155/2018/2474173 -
Cornea Jan 2020To investigate the density of conjunctival blood vessels in normal eyes and in eyes with pinguecula or pterygium.
PURPOSE
To investigate the density of conjunctival blood vessels in normal eyes and in eyes with pinguecula or pterygium.
METHODS
In this cross-sectional study, the conjunctival blood vessel density of 15 normal eyes, 15 pinguecula eyes, and 15 pterygium eyes of 43 healthy adults was assessed using optical coherence tomography angiography with an anterior segment lens adapter. The nasal surface of each eye (3 × 3 mm) was scanned 3 times to a depth of 800 μm. Conjunctival vessel density was defined as the percent of the scanned volume occupied by vessels in which blood flow was measured.
RESULTS
The high reliability of data measurement was supported by good coefficients of repeatability (<10%) of the image quality score and high intraclass correlation coefficients (>0.9). The vessel density in normal conjunctivas, 52.2 ± 4.1%, was similar to that in pinguecula conjunctivas, 50.5 ± 4.7% (P = 0.3006). However, the vessel density in conjunctivas with pterygium, 63.6 ± 3.7%, was greater than that in either normal (P < 0.0001) or pinguecula (P < 0.0001) conjunctivas.
CONCLUSIONS
Using optical coherence tomography angiography with an anterior segment lens adapter, the ocular surface blood vessel density was imaged and assessed with good repeatability and reliability. The blood vessel density of conjunctivas with pterygium was significantly greater than that in either normal or pinguecula conjunctivas. This suggests that, in contrast to pinguecula development, pterygium development includes angiogenesis and neovascularization.
Topics: Adult; Anterior Eye Segment; Blood Vessels; Conjunctiva; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Fluorescein Angiography; Fundus Oculi; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pinguecula; Pterygium; Reproducibility of Results; Retrospective Studies; Tomography, Optical Coherence
PubMed: 31436638
DOI: 10.1097/ICO.0000000000002114