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Orbit (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Feb 2022Clinicopathologic correlation of a pinguecula with spheroidal degeneration: a benign entity occasionally encountered in clinical practice.
Clinicopathologic correlation of a pinguecula with spheroidal degeneration: a benign entity occasionally encountered in clinical practice.
Topics: Humans; Pinguecula
PubMed: 33356725
DOI: 10.1080/01676830.2020.1863434 -
Ophthalmic Epidemiology Apr 2015To determine the prevalence and associated factors of pinguecula in a rural Chinese population aged ≥ 50 years in Eastern China.
PURPOSE
To determine the prevalence and associated factors of pinguecula in a rural Chinese population aged ≥ 50 years in Eastern China.
METHODS
This cross-sectional, population-based survey included an age-stratified random sample of 1108 residents living in Lvxiang Town of Jinshan District. Participants were requested to complete a comprehensive questionnaire to collect demographic data, history of systemic diseases and lifestyle details. The presence of pinguecula on slit lamp examination was recorded. The prevalence of pinguecula and its associated factors were investigated by logistic regression models.
RESULTS
Among 1108 eligible subjects, 959 participated in the study, with an average age of 65.1 ± 9.2 years (range 50-89 years). The overall age-adjusted prevalence of pinguecula in this population was 75.57% (95% confidence interval 71.79-79.35%). Logistic regression analysis revealed that age (p = 0.002) and working outdoors (daily sunlight exposure ≥ 2 hours; p = 0.001) were independent risk factors for pinguecula. In addition, sex, education level, alcohol intake, smoking and decreased tear break-up time did not have associations with the development of pinguecula after adjusting for age and outdoor work occupations.
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of pinguecula was 75.57% in this Chinese population aged ≥ 50 years from a coastal rural area of Shanghai, Eastern China, which was higher than the majority of previous findings. Age and working outdoors were independent risk factors for pinguecula.
Topics: Age Distribution; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Asian People; China; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pinguecula; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Rural Population; Sex Distribution; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 25777313
DOI: 10.3109/09286586.2015.1012269 -
International Journal of Molecular... Nov 2021Solar damage due to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is implicated in the development of two proliferative lesions of the ocular surface: pterygium and pinguecula. Pterygium...
Solar damage due to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is implicated in the development of two proliferative lesions of the ocular surface: pterygium and pinguecula. Pterygium and pinguecula specimens were collected, along with adjacent healthy conjunctiva specimens. RNA was extracted and sequenced. Pairwise comparisons were made of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Computational methods were used for analysis. Transcripts from 18,630 genes were identified. Comparison of two subgroups of pterygium specimens uncovered evidence of genomic instability associated with inflammation and the immune response; these changes were also observed in pinguecula, but to a lesser extent. Among the top DEGs were four genes encoding tumor suppressors that were downregulated in pterygium: , , and ; and were also downregulated in pinguecula. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis overwhelmingly linked DEGs to cancer for both lesions; however, both lesions are clearly still benign, as evidenced by the expression of other genes indicating their well-differentiated and non-invasive character. Pathways for epithelial cell proliferation were identified that distinguish the two lesions, as well as genes encoding specific pathway components. Upregulated DEGs common to both lesions, including and , provide a further insight into pathophysiology. Our findings suggest that pterygium and pinguecula, while benign lesions, are both on the pathological pathway towards neoplastic transformation.
Topics: Biomarkers; Case-Control Studies; Genomic Instability; Humans; Inflammation; Pinguecula; Pterygium; RNA-Seq; Transcriptome; Ultraviolet Rays
PubMed: 34769520
DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112090 -
Journal of Ophthalmology 2015Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) was recently developed and has become a crucial tool in clinical practice. AS-OCT is a noncontact imaging device... (Review)
Review
Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) was recently developed and has become a crucial tool in clinical practice. AS-OCT is a noncontact imaging device that provides the detailed structure of the anterior part of the eyes. In this review, the author will discuss the various clinical applications of AS-OCT, such as the normal findings, tear meniscus measurement, ocular surface disease (e.g., pterygium, pinguecula, and scleromalacia), architectural analysis after cataract surgery, post-LASIK keratectasia, Descemet's membrane detachment, evaluation of corneal graft after keratoplasty, corneal deposits (corneal dystrophies and corneal verticillata), keratitis, anterior segment tumors, and glaucoma evaluation (angle assessment, morphological analysis of the filtering bleb after trabeculectomy, or glaucoma drainage device implantation surgery). The author also presents some interesting cases demonstrated via AS-OCT.
PubMed: 25821589
DOI: 10.1155/2015/605729 -
Dermatologic Clinics Oct 2018This article describes the present literature on dermoscopy of conjunctiva and shows the results of a dermoscopy study of 147 conjunctival tumors. Melanomas were... (Review)
Review
This article describes the present literature on dermoscopy of conjunctiva and shows the results of a dermoscopy study of 147 conjunctival tumors. Melanomas were characterized by a heavy pigmentation, irregular dots, and a higher prevalence of gray color compared with nevi. Squamous cell carcinomas had peculiar hairpin and glomerular vessels. Primary acquired melanoses were characterized by regularly distributed light brown dots. A large part of nevi had small cysts.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Child; Conjunctival Neoplasms; Dermoscopy; Female; Humans; Male; Melanoma; Melanosis; Middle Aged; Nevus, Pigmented; Pinguecula; Pterygium; Young Adult
PubMed: 30201153
DOI: 10.1016/j.det.2018.05.011 -
Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift Der... Nov 2021
Topics: Conjunctiva; Humans; Pinguecula; Pterygium
PubMed: 34542694
DOI: 10.1007/s00347-021-01500-7 -
Journal of Ophthalmology 2019To evaluate the association between pinguecula excision and subsequent improvement in dry eye syndrome.
PURPOSE
To evaluate the association between pinguecula excision and subsequent improvement in dry eye syndrome.
METHODS
We included 30 consecutive patients with primary nasal pinguecula and dry eye symptoms undergoing ocular surgery for the first time. Criteria for pinguecula excision surgery were nasal location, yellowish color, and protrusion of conjunctiva at least 2 times thicker than adjacent normal conjunctiva as measured by anterior segment optical coherence tomography. Our primary outcomes were 3-month postoperative changes in tear film breakup time (TBUT), Schirmer test, and a dry eye symptom score.
RESULTS
30 eyes from 30 different patients (12 men and 18 women) underwent pinguecula excision and conjunctival autografting using fibrin glue. The mean age was 42.5 ± 8.35 (range 28-63) years. The preoperative protrusion ratio of pinguecula was 2.33 ± 0.28 (range 2.00-2.90). Mean preoperative TBUT, Schirmer test, and dry eye symptom scores were 5.10 ± 1.27 seconds, 6.07 ± 2.27 mm, and 2.80 ± 0.76 points. Mean postoperative 3-month TBUT, Schirmer test, and dry eye symptom scores were 7.80 ± 1.13 seconds, 7.27 ± 2.02 mm, and 0.30 ± 0.47 points, respectively. The median pre- and postoperative changes were found to be statistically significant by Wilcoxon signed-rank tests for TBUT, Schirmer test score, and dry eye symptom score.
CONCLUSION
Surgical excision of pinguecula and conjunctival autograft using fibrin glue is an effective and safe method to improve symptoms of dry eye syndrome.
PubMed: 31281668
DOI: 10.1155/2019/6438157 -
Eye (London, England) Apr 2023This study aims to systematically review the reported literature on the use of anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) in ocular surface tumours and... (Review)
Review
This study aims to systematically review the reported literature on the use of anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) in ocular surface tumours and simulating lesions. A systematic literature search was done using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases between January 2002 and December 2021. On AS-OCT, ocular surface squamous neoplasia typically demonstrate epithelial thickening, epithelial hyperreflectivity, and an abrupt transition between normal and abnormal epithelium. Conjunctival nevi usually show mildly hyperreflective epithelium of normal thickness, internal hyperreflectivity, and intralesional cysts which is the hallmark of this tumour. Primary acquired melanosis presents with normal thickness epithelium, basal epithelial hyperreflectivity, and absence of cysts. Conjunctival melanoma demonstrates hyperreflective normal/thickened epithelium, hyperreflective basal epithelium, internal hyperreflectivity, and absence of intralesional cysts. Conjunctival lymphoma shows homogenous, low-medium reflective subepithelial lesions with smooth borders, and dot-like infiltrates. Benign reactive lymphoid hyperplasia findings are similar to lymphoma but the infiltrates are more hyperreflective compared to lymphoma. Pterygium shows thickened conjunctival epithelium, epithelial hyperreflectivity, and subepithelial wedge-shaped hyperreflective tissue separated from the overlying epithelium by a cleavage plane. Pinguecula demonstrates mildly thickened epithelium and similar findings with pterygium but does not extend beyond the corneal limbus. This review shows that AS-OCT, as a noninvasive tool, has potential uses in the differential diagnosis of ocular surface tumours and simulating lesions. Major limitations of AS-OCT include limited visualization of the posterior border of thick, keratinized, and pigmented tumours and lack of assessment of large conjunctival tumours in a single cut.
Topics: Humans; Pterygium; Corneal Diseases; Tomography, Optical Coherence; Eye Neoplasms; Conjunctival Neoplasms; Lymphoma; Cysts
PubMed: 36513855
DOI: 10.1038/s41433-022-02339-1 -
Cornea Sep 2022The purpose of this study was to report a unique case of ocular surface squamous neoplasia that masqueraded as a nonresolving toxic epithelial keratitis. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to report a unique case of ocular surface squamous neoplasia that masqueraded as a nonresolving toxic epithelial keratitis.
METHODS
This was a case report and review of the literature.
RESULTS
A 79-year-old man presented with decreased vision, redness, and a foreign body sensation in his right eye that was refractory to treatment with lubrication and topical nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drops. Before presentation, the referring provider believed that he had medicamentosa-related keratitis and placed him on oral methazolamide. Slitlamp biomicroscopy of the right eye revealed diffuse epitheliopathy with punctate fluorescein staining and subtle underlying corneal epithelial opalescence. A mildly thickened and inflamed pinguecula was noted from 2 to 5 o'clock at the limbus of the right eye. An anterior segment high-resolution optical coherence tomography revealed thickened, hyperreflective epithelium with an abrupt transition. An incisional biopsy confirmed conjunctival and corneal intraepithelial neoplasia. The patient improved after 4 cycles of topical chemotherapy with 1% 5-fluorouracil eye drops with complete resolution of the corneal and conjunctival pathology.
CONCLUSIONS
Ocular surface squamous neoplasia can rarely masquerade as a recalcitrant medicamentosa and epithelial keratitis. In subtle cases or in cases with combined ocular surface morbidities, anterior segment high-resolution optical coherence tomography can be helpful to diagnose and direct therapy.
Topics: Aged; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Conjunctival Neoplasms; Corneal Diseases; Eye Neoplasms; Humans; Keratitis; Male; Tomography, Optical Coherence
PubMed: 34907943
DOI: 10.1097/ICO.0000000000002946