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Journal of Hazardous Materials Mar 2019As one of the most toxic heavy elements, humans are mainly exposed to cadmium (Cd) via daily diets and smoking. Calcite can be used as an amendment directly or...
As one of the most toxic heavy elements, humans are mainly exposed to cadmium (Cd) via daily diets and smoking. Calcite can be used as an amendment directly or precipitated in situ based on microbial-induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) technology to immobilize Cd in soil with potential release of Cd due to calcite dissolution. Therefore, we converted microbial-induced calcite to less soluble hydroxyapatite and investigated the phase and morphology evolutions of the solids, as well as the immobilized efficiency, distribution and release of Cd. The results showed that the conversion of calcite to hydroxyapatite enhanced Cd removal efficiency up to 1.67% and 33.14% compared to the MICP process and adsorption by calcite, respectively. Accordingly, the released Cd decreased up to 94.10% and 99.96%, respectively. Our findings demonstrated that the conversion of calcite to hydroxyapatite might control the environmental behavior of heavy metals like Cd and can potentially be applied for soil remediation.
Topics: Biodegradation, Environmental; Cadmium; Calcium Carbonate; Durapatite; Sporosarcina
PubMed: 30580143
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.12.049 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Jul 2017A Gram-stain-positive, motile and rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain LZ2T, was isolated from a sample of orchard soil from Laizhou city, Shandong province, PR...
A Gram-stain-positive, motile and rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain LZ2T, was isolated from a sample of orchard soil from Laizhou city, Shandong province, PR China. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain LZ2T was closely related to members of the genus Sporosarcina, sharing highest levels of sequence similarity with Sporosarcina pasteurii NCIMB 8841T (98.8 %), Sporosarcina soli I80T (95.9 %). The value for the DNA-DNA relatedness between strain LZ2T and Sporosarcina pasteurii NCIMB 8841T was 39.8±1.7 %. Growth occurred at 10-44 °C (optimum, 30-35 °C), pH 5.0-11.0 (optimum pH 9.0-10.0); NaCl concentrations of up to 7.0 % (w/v) were tolerated. The dominant respiratory quinone was MK-7 and the G+C content was 39.2 mol%. The major fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0. The major polar lipids of strain LZ2T were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified phospholipid. Based on phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, and phylogenetic data strain LZ2T represents a novel species of the genus Sporosarcina, for which the name Sporosarcina terrae sp. nov. (type strain LZ2T=KACC 18822T=MCCC 1K03174T) is proposed.
Topics: Agriculture; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; China; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Fatty Acids; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Soil Microbiology; Sporosarcina; Vitamin K 2
PubMed: 28141487
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.001835 -
Environmental Science and Pollution... Aug 2018Due to high pollution associated with traditional Portland cement and bio-carbonate cement, a new generation of cementitious material needs to be developed. Bio-barium... (Review)
Review
Due to high pollution associated with traditional Portland cement and bio-carbonate cement, a new generation of cementitious material needs to be developed. Bio-barium phosphate, magnesium phosphate, and ferric phosphate are synthesized by bio-mineralization. Firstly, the substrate is hydrolyzed by alkaline phosphatase secreted via phosphate-mineralization microbes, obtaining phosphate ions. Micro- and nano-scale phosphate minerals are prepared by phosphate ions reacting with different types of metal cation. The setting time of bio-BaHPO has a greater effect on the strength of sand columns when a mixing precipitation process is innovatively adopted. The strength of the sand columns increases as bio-BaHPO content (10~50%) increases. The optimum content of bio-BaHPO is 60%. Porosity and permeability of the sand columns decrease as bio-BaHPO content (10~60%) increases. Ammonium and ammonia can effectively be synthesized to magnesium ammonium phosphate by adding KHPO·3HO to Sporosarcina pasteurii liquid. Permeability, porosity, and compressive strength of the sand columns are close to CJ1, CJ1.5, and CJ2 cementation. However, the fixation ammonia ratio of CJ2 is bigger than CJ1 and CJ1.5 (The mixture solutions of Sporosarcina pasteurii and KHPO·3HO (1, 1.5, and 2 mol/L) are named as CJ1, CJ1.5, and CJ2) cementation. The results show that the Sporosarcina pasteurii liquid containing KHPO·3HO (2 mol/L) and the mixture solution of MgCl and urea (3 mol/L) cemented loose sand particles best. Two types of bio-cement are environmentally friendly and can partially or completely replace bio-carbonate cement.
Topics: Bacillus; Biomineralization; Carbonates; Compressive Strength; Construction Materials; Hydrolysis; Magnesium Compounds; Phosphates; Porosity; Potassium Compounds; Sporosarcina; Urea
PubMed: 29948713
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2143-7 -
Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters May 2019Targeted covalent inhibitors of urease were developed on the basis of the catechol structure. Forty amide and ester derivatives of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid,...
Targeted covalent inhibitors of urease were developed on the basis of the catechol structure. Forty amide and ester derivatives of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid and gallic acid were obtained and screened against Sporosarcinia pasteurii urease. The most active compound, namely propargyl ester of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid exhibited IC = 518 nM andk/K = 1379 M s. Inhibitory activity of this compound was better and toxicity lower than those obtained for the starting compound - catechol. The molecular modelling studies revealed a mode of binding consistent with structure-activity relationships.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Catechols; Enzyme Inhibitors; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Models, Molecular; Molecular Docking Simulation; Protein Conformation; Sporosarcina; Structure-Activity Relationship; Urease
PubMed: 30850166
DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.02.032 -
Molecular Biology Reports Feb 2019Urease is an important virulence factor for a variety of pathogenic bacteria strains such as Helicobacter pylori, which colonizes human gastric mucosa, and Proteus sp.,...
Urease is an important virulence factor for a variety of pathogenic bacteria strains such as Helicobacter pylori, which colonizes human gastric mucosa, and Proteus sp., responsible for urinary tract infections. Specific inhibition of urease activity could be a promising adjuvant strategy for eradication of these pathogens. Due to the interesting antiureolytic activity of carvone and the scant information regarding the inhibitory properties of corresponding monoterpenes, we decided to study selected monoterpenic ketones and their oxygen derivatives. Several monoterpenes and their terpenoid oxygen derivatives were evaluated in vitro against Sporosarcina pasteurii urease. The most effective inhibitors-derivatives of β-cyclocitral (ester 10 and bromolactone 14)-were described with [Formula: see text] of 46.7 µM and 45.8 µM, respectively. Active inhibitors of native urease were tested against H. pylori and Proteus mirabilis whole cells. Here, the most active inhibitor, 14, was characterized with IC values of 0.32 mM and 0.61 mM for P. mirabilis and H. pylori, respectively. The antibacterial activity of a few tested inhibitors was also observed. Compound 14 limited the growth of E. coli ([Formula: see text]= 250 μg/mL). Interestingly, 10 was the only compound that was effective against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. It had a [Formula: see text] of 150 μg/mL against E. coli and S. aureus. In the presented study a group of novel antiureolytic compounds was characterised. Besides carvone stereoisomers, these are the only terpenoid urease inhibitors described so far.
Topics: Aldehydes; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Diterpenes; Escherichia coli; Gastric Mucosa; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; Monoterpenes; Plant Extracts; Sporosarcina; Staphylococcus aureus; Terpenes; Urease; Urinary Tract Infections
PubMed: 30350237
DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4442-y -
PloS One 2022Auxospore production is a sexual reproductive strategy by diatoms to re-attain normal size after the size-reducing effect of clonal reproduction. Aside from the minimum...
Auxospore production is a sexual reproductive strategy by diatoms to re-attain normal size after the size-reducing effect of clonal reproduction. Aside from the minimum size threshold used as a sex clock by diatoms, the environmental or chemical triggers that can induce sex in diatoms are still not well understood. Here we investigated the influence of six marine bacteria from five families on the production of sexual cells and auxospores of the ubiquitous marine polar centric diatom, Odontella sp. Microbiome association and co-occurrence with the diatom in culture and in nature were investigated using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Indole acetic acid (IAA) secretion, a phytohormone that regulates plants' growth and sexual development, was explored as a potential inducer of sexual reproduction in Odontella and compared between bacterial associates. We found that Odontella co-cultured with Flavobacteriaceae (Polaribacter and Cellulophaga) have significantly more sexual cells and auxospores than bacteria-free Odontella and Odontella co-cultured with other bacteria from Vibrionaceae (Vibrio), Pseudoalteromonadaceae (Pseudoalteromonas), Rhodobacteraceae (Sulfitobacter), or Planococcaceae (Planococcus) family. Differences in IAA secretion were observed between bacterial isolates, but this did not correspond consistently with the diatom's clonal growth or production of sexual cells and auxospores. Microbiome composition survey of Odontella cultures showed that the diatom harbors homologous sequences of the four bacterial isolates at varying proportions, with Sulfitobacter and Polaribacter at high abundances. Microbiome surveys at Santa Cruz Wharf, Monterey Bay, from 2014-2015 showed that Odontella abundance is positively correlated with Flavobacteriaceae and Rhodobacteraceae abundances. Our study demonstrates that specific members of the diatom microbiome can enhance the host's sexual reproduction, with the interkingdom interaction driven by partner compatibility and long-term association. Sex-enhancing bacteria may even be needed by the diatom host to carry out the optimal inducement of sex under normal conditions, allowing for size restitution and maintaining genetic diversity in culture and in nature.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Diatoms; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Plant Growth Regulators; Microbiota; Arthropods; Reproduction; Rhodobacteraceae
PubMed: 36260629
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276305 -
Advances in Experimental Medicine and... 2021The intestines of insects are assumed to be the niche of various microbial groups, and a unique microflora could be formed under environmental conditions different from...
The intestines of insects are assumed to be the niche of various microbial groups, and a unique microflora could be formed under environmental conditions different from mammalian intestinal tracts. This chapter describes the bacterial flora formed in the intestines of two dragonfly species, "akatombo" (the red dragonfly; Sympetrum frequens) and "usubaki-tombo" (Pantala flavescens), which fly over a long distance, and carotenoid-producing microorganisms isolated from this flora. C carotenoids, which were produced by a bacterium Kurthia gibsonii isolated from S. frequens, were structurally determined.
Topics: Animals; Carotenoids; Insecta; Intestines; Odonata; Planococcaceae
PubMed: 33783743
DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-7360-6_18 -
Current Microbiology Dec 2021Two novel bacteria species designated Marseille-Q1000 and Marseille-Q0999 were isolated from urine samples of patients in Sokoto, Northwest-Nigeria. They were...
Two novel bacteria species designated Marseille-Q1000 and Marseille-Q0999 were isolated from urine samples of patients in Sokoto, Northwest-Nigeria. They were Gram-positive bacteria and belong to two different genera, Bhargavaea and Dietzia. The genome size and G + C content of Marseille-Q1000 and Marseille-Q0999 were 3.07 and 3.51 Mbp with 53.8 and 71.0 mol% G + C content, respectively. The strains exhibited unique phenotypic and genomic features that are substantially different from previously known bacterial species with standing in nomenclature. On the basis of the phenotypic, phylogenetic and genomic characteristics, strains Marseille-Q0999 (= CSURQ0999 = DSM 112394) and Marseille-Q1000 (= CSURQ1000 = DSM 112384) were proposed as the type strains of Bhargavaea massiliensis sp. nov., and Dietzia massiliensis sp. nov., respectively.
Topics: DNA, Bacterial; Humans; Nigeria; Phylogeny; Planococcaceae; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 34905116
DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02721-4 -
Environmental Science and Pollution... Aug 2023The microbial reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) is widely applied, but most studies ignored the stability of reduction products. In this study, the Cr(VI)-reducing...
The microbial reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) is widely applied, but most studies ignored the stability of reduction products. In this study, the Cr(VI)-reducing bacterium of Sporosarcina saromensis combined with microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) was used to explore the reduction and mineralization mechanisms of Cr(VI). The results indicated that the high concentration of Ca could significantly enhance the reduction and mineralization of Cr(VI). The highest reduction and mineralization efficiencies of 99.5% and 55.9% were achieved at 4 g/L Ca. Moreover, the urease activity of S. saromensis in the experimental group was up to 13.28 U/mg NH-N. Besides, the characteristic results revealed that Cr(VI) and reduced Cr(III) were absorbed on the surface or got into the interspace of CaCO, which produced a new stable phase (CaCrO(CO)). Overall, the combination of S. saromensis and MICP technology might be a high-efficiency and environmentally friendly strategy for further application in the Cr(VI)-containing groundwater.
Topics: Chromium; Carbonates; Sporosarcina; Calcium Carbonate
PubMed: 37442938
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28536-3 -
Nature Communications Apr 2021Studies in humans and laboratory animals link stable gut microbiome "enterotypes" with long-term diet and host health. Understanding how this paradigm manifests in wild...
Studies in humans and laboratory animals link stable gut microbiome "enterotypes" with long-term diet and host health. Understanding how this paradigm manifests in wild herbivores could provide a mechanistic explanation of the relationships between microbiome dynamics, changes in dietary resources, and outcomes for host health. We identify two putative enterotypes in the African buffalo gut microbiome. The enterotype prevalent under resource-abundant dietary regimes, regardless of environmental conditions, has high richness, low between- and within-host beta diversity, and enrichment of genus Ruminococcaceae-UCG-005. The second enterotype, prevalent under restricted dietary conditions, has reduced richness, elevated beta diversity, and enrichment of genus Solibacillus. Population-level gamma diversity is maintained during resource restriction by increased beta diversity between individuals, suggesting a mechanism for population-level microbiome resilience. We identify three pathogens associated with microbiome variation depending on host diet, indicating that nutritional background may impact microbiome-pathogen dynamics. Overall, this study reveals diet-driven enterotype plasticity, illustrates ecological processes that maintain microbiome diversity, and identifies potential associations between diet, enterotype, and disease.
Topics: Animals; Buffaloes; Communicable Diseases; DNA, Bacterial; Feces; Feeding Behavior; Firmicutes; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Incidence; Metagenomics; Phylogeny; Planococcaceae; Prevalence; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; South Africa; Symbiosis
PubMed: 33859184
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22510-8