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Pathologica Feb 2022In 2022, after a six-year interval, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has published the 5th edition of the WHO Classification of Urinary and Male... (Review)
Review
In 2022, after a six-year interval, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has published the 5th edition of the WHO Classification of Urinary and Male Genital Tumors, which provides a comprehensive update on tumor classification of the genitourinary system. This review article focuses on prostate carcinoma and underscores changes in the prostate chapter as well as those made across the entire series of the 5th edition of WHO Blue Books. Although no major alterations were made to this chapter, some of the most notable updates include restructure of contents and introduction of a new format; standardization of mitotic counts, genomic nomenclatures, and units of length; refined definition for the terms "variant", "subtype", and "histologic pattern"; reclassification of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN)-like adenocarcinoma as a subtype of prostatic acinar adenocarcinoma; and recognition of treatment-related neuroendocrine prostatic carcinoma as a distinct tumor type. Evolving and unsettled issues related to grading of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate and reporting of tertiary Gleason pattern, the definition and prognostic significance of cribriform growth pattern, and molecular pathology of prostate cancer will also be covered in this review.
Topics: Humans; Male; Prostate; Prostatic Neoplasms; Adenocarcinoma; Prognosis; World Health Organization; Neoplasm Grading
PubMed: 36645399
DOI: 10.32074/1591-951X-822 -
Nature Communications Jun 2018Intra-tumor heterogeneity is one of the biggest challenges in cancer treatment today. Here we investigate tissue-wide gene expression heterogeneity throughout a...
Intra-tumor heterogeneity is one of the biggest challenges in cancer treatment today. Here we investigate tissue-wide gene expression heterogeneity throughout a multifocal prostate cancer using the spatial transcriptomics (ST) technology. Utilizing a novel approach for deconvolution, we analyze the transcriptomes of nearly 6750 tissue regions and extract distinct expression profiles for the different tissue components, such as stroma, normal and PIN glands, immune cells and cancer. We distinguish healthy and diseased areas and thereby provide insight into gene expression changes during the progression of prostate cancer. Compared to pathologist annotations, we delineate the extent of cancer foci more accurately, interestingly without link to histological changes. We identify gene expression gradients in stroma adjacent to tumor regions that allow for re-stratification of the tumor microenvironment. The establishment of these profiles is the first step towards an unbiased view of prostate cancer and can serve as a dictionary for future studies.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Computational Biology; Disease Progression; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Male; Prostate; Prostatectomy; Prostatic Neoplasms; RNA, Messenger; Stromal Cells; Transcriptome; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 29925878
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04724-5 -
Aktuelle Urologie Feb 2022
Topics: Age Factors; Carcinoma; Humans; Male; Prostate; Prostatic Neoplasms
PubMed: 35078251
DOI: 10.1055/a-1658-3563 -
Discovery Medicine Oct 2023Synchronous or sequential development of multiple myeloma and prostate carcinoma is rare. It is not sure whether these two occur independently or if one influences the... (Review)
Review
Synchronous or sequential development of multiple myeloma and prostate carcinoma is rare. It is not sure whether these two occur independently or if one influences the development of the other. We reviewed the cases published in the English literature; eight cases of myeloma developing after diagnosis and treatment for prostate carcinoma, five cases of simultaneous occurrence of myeloma and prostate carcinoma, and five cases where the patient with multiple myeloma later developed prostate carcinoma were found. This short review attempts to analyze the occurrence of these two diseases in the same patient and dissect whether there is a close association or it is just a mere coincidence.
Topics: Male; Humans; Multiple Myeloma; Prostate; Prostatic Neoplasms; Carcinoma
PubMed: 37811608
DOI: 10.24976/Discov.Med.202335178.65 -
Surgical Pathology Clinics Dec 2022"Cribriform lesions of the prostate represent an important and often diagnostically challenging spectrum of prostate pathology. These lesions range from normal... (Review)
Review
"Cribriform lesions of the prostate represent an important and often diagnostically challenging spectrum of prostate pathology. These lesions range from normal anatomical variation, benign proliferative lesions, premalignant, suspicious to frankly malignant and biologically aggressive entities. The concept of cribriform prostate adenocarcinoma (CrP4) and intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P), in particular, has evolved significantly in recent years with a growing body of evidence suggesting that the presence of these morphologies is important for clinical decision-making in prostate cancer management. Therefore, accurate recognition and reporting of CrP4 and IDC-P architecture are especially important. This review discusses a contemporary diagnostic approach to cribriform lesions of the prostate with a focus on their key morphologic features, differential diagnosis, underlying molecular alterations, clinical significance, and reporting recommendations."
Topics: Male; Humans; Prostate; Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia; Prostatic Neoplasms; Precancerous Conditions; Diagnosis, Differential
PubMed: 36344177
DOI: 10.1016/j.path.2022.07.001 -
European Urology Focus Sep 2021Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P), a clinicopathological entity characterized by malignant prostatic epithelial cells growing within ducts and/or acini, has... (Review)
Review
Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P), a clinicopathological entity characterized by malignant prostatic epithelial cells growing within ducts and/or acini, has a distinct architectural pattern, cytological features, and biological behavior. Whereas most IDC-P tumors could be derived from adjacent high-grade invasive cancer via retrograde spreading of cancer cells along benign ducts and acini, a small subset of IDC-P may arise from the transformation and intraductal proliferation of precancerous cells induced by various oncogenic events. These isolated IDC-P tumors possess a distinct mutational profile and may function as a carcinoma in situ lesion with de novo intraductal outgrowth of malignant cells. Further molecular characterization of these two types of IDC-P and better understanding of the mechanisms underlying IDC-P formation and progression could be translated into valuable biomarkers for differential diagnosis and actionable targets for therapeutic interventions. PATIENT SUMMARY: Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate is an aggressive type of prostate cancer associated with high risk for local recurrence and distant metastasis. In this review, we discussed pathogenesis, biomarkers, differential diagnoses, and therapeutic strategies for this tumor.
Topics: Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Male; Pelvis; Prostate; Prostatic Neoplasms
PubMed: 33132109
DOI: 10.1016/j.euf.2020.10.007 -
Cancer Research Jan 2024Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) is a lethal prostate cancer subtype that generally coexists with invasive high-grade prostate acinar adenocarcinoma (PAC)...
UNLABELLED
Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) is a lethal prostate cancer subtype that generally coexists with invasive high-grade prostate acinar adenocarcinoma (PAC) but exhibits distinct biological features compared with concomitant adenocarcinoma. In this study, we performed whole-exome, RNA, and DNA-methylation sequencing of IDC-P, concurrent invasive high-grade PAC lesions, and adjacent normal prostate tissues isolated from 22 radical prostatectomy specimens. Three evolutionary patterns of concurrent IDC-P and PAC were identified: early divergent, late divergent, and clonally distant. In contrast to those with a late divergent evolutionary pattern, tumors with clonally distant and early divergent evolutionary patterns showed higher genomic, epigenomic, transcriptional, and pathologic heterogeneity between IDC-P and PAC. Compared with coexisting PAC, IDC-P displayed increased expression of adverse prognosis-associated genes. Survival analysis based on an independent cohort of 505 patients with metastatic prostate cancer revealed that IDC-P carriers with lower risk International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade 1-4 adenocarcinoma displayed a castration-resistant free survival as poor as those with the highest risk ISUP grade 5 tumors that lacked concurrent IDC-P. Furthermore, IDC-P exhibited robust cell-cycle progression and androgen receptor activities, characterized by an enrichment of cellular proliferation-associated master regulators and genes involved in intratumoral androgen biosynthesis. Overall, this study provides a molecular groundwork for the aggressive behavior of IDC-P and could help identify potential strategies to improve treatment of IDC-P.
SIGNIFICANCE
The genomic, transcriptomic, and epigenomic characterization of concurrent intraductal carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the prostate deepens the biological understanding of this lethal disease and provides a genetic basis for developing targeted therapies.
Topics: Male; Humans; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating; Prostate; Adenocarcinoma; Prostatic Neoplasms; Genomics; Neoplasm Grading
PubMed: 37847513
DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-23-1176 -
International Journal of Urology :... Feb 2015Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate is characterized by prostatic carcinoma cells growing within ducts and/or acini. These tumors are usually associated with a... (Review)
Review
Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate is characterized by prostatic carcinoma cells growing within ducts and/or acini. These tumors are usually associated with a high-grade Gleason score, large tumor volume and advanced stage. Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate is also a well-known adverse independent prognostic factor regardless of treatment. Recent studies have shown that intraductal carcinoma of the prostate is a distinctive disease entity that is different from invasive prostate carcinoma, which is generally invasive. Although the Gleason score does not consider intraductal carcinoma of the prostate, some cribriform prostate carcinomas graded as pattern 4 could be considered as intraductal carcinomas. The definition of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate is not unified, because it can occur with or without invasive prostate carcinoma. Furthermore, diagnosis of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate without invasive prostate carcinoma by needle biopsy is crucial, but is a rare event. Differential diagnosis of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate includes several pathologies. This is especially true for high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, although its distinction is not always straightforward. The present review discusses the concept of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate, and also describes its morphological characteristics, molecular features and clinical outcome. Given the current state of knowledge, the presence of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate should be evaluated and documented correctly in both radical prostatectomy and needle biopsy, and the clinical implications should be taken into consideration during treatment and follow up.
Topics: Biopsy, Needle; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Male; Prostate; Prostatic Neoplasms; Tumor Burden
PubMed: 25358604
DOI: 10.1111/iju.12657 -
Aktuelle Urologie Aug 2023
Topics: Male; Humans; Prostate; Prostatic Neoplasms; Castration; Carcinoma
PubMed: 37541232
DOI: 10.1055/a-2017-7363 -
Aktuelle Urologie Aug 2023
Topics: Male; Humans; Prostate; Prostatectomy; Prostatic Neoplasms; Seminal Vesicles; Carcinoma
PubMed: 37541229
DOI: 10.1055/a-2060-4417