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Chemical Communications (Cambridge,... Sep 2021Prostate cancer is currently diagnosed using the conventional gold standard methods using prostate-specific antigen (PSA) as the selective biomarker. However, lack of... (Review)
Review
Prostate cancer is currently diagnosed using the conventional gold standard methods using prostate-specific antigen (PSA) as the selective biomarker. However, lack of precision in PSA screening has resulted in needless biopsies and delays the treatment of potentially fatal prostate cancer. Thus, identification of glycans as novel biomarkers for the early detection of prostate cancer has attracted considerable attention due to their reliable diagnostic platform compared with the current PSA systems. Therefore, biosensing technologies that provide point-of-care diagnostics have demonstrated the ability to detect various analytes, including glycosylated micro- and macro-molecules, thereby enabling versatile detection methodologies. This highlight article discusses recent advances in the biosensor-based detection of prostate cancer glycan biomarkers and the innovative strategies for the conjugation of nanomaterials adapted to biosensing platforms. Finally, the article is concluded with prospects and challenges of prostate cancer biosensors and recommendations to overcome the issues associated with prostate cancer diagnosis.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Biosensing Techniques; Glycosylation; Humans; Male; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms
PubMed: 34473143
DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03080a -
JAMA Feb 2021
Topics: Bereavement; Female; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Philosophy; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms; Spouses
PubMed: 33591349
DOI: 10.1001/jama.2020.26876 -
The Journal of Urology Feb 2021
Topics: Humans; Lasers, Solid-State; Male; Prostate-Specific Antigen
PubMed: 33035143
DOI: 10.1097/JU.0000000000001419 -
Urology Apr 2016
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Fluoroquinolones; Humans; Male; Prostate-Specific Antigen
PubMed: 27036678
DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2015.11.048 -
Seminars in Cancer Biology Oct 2018The diagnostics and management of localized prostate cancer is complicated because of cancer heterogeneity and differentiated progression in various subgroups of... (Review)
Review
The diagnostics and management of localized prostate cancer is complicated because of cancer heterogeneity and differentiated progression in various subgroups of patients. As a prostate cancer biomarker, FDA-approved detection assay for serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) and its derivatives are not potent enough to diagnose prostate cancer, especially high-grade disease (Gleason ≥7). To date, a collection of new biomarkers was developed. Some of these markers are superior for primary screening while others are particularly helpful for cancer risk stratification, detection of high-grade cancer, and prediction of adverse events. Two of those markers such as proPSA (a part of the Prostate Health Index (PHI)) and prostate specific antigen 3 (PCA3) (a part of the PCA3 Progensa test) were recently approved by FDA for clinical use. Other markers are not PDA-approved yet but are available from Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendment (CLIA)-certified clinical laboratories. In this review, we characterize diagnostic performance of these markers and their diagnostic and prognostic utility for prostate cancer.
Topics: Antigens, Neoplasm; Biomarkers, Tumor; Humans; Male; Prognosis; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms; Protein Precursors; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 29360504
DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2018.01.012 -
Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue = National Journal... May 2018Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a biomarker for the diagnosis and management of prostate cancer and involved in the development of prostate cancer and/or its... (Review)
Review
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a biomarker for the diagnosis and management of prostate cancer and involved in the development of prostate cancer and/or its progression from the localized to the metastatic stage. This review presents an overview of the roles of PSA in promoting the progression and metastasis of human prostate cancer and its underlying mechanisms, including its serine protease activity, interaction with the cellular membrane receptor, and suppression of specific immune responsiveness, and also points out some of the key problems to be solved.
Topics: Disease Progression; Humans; Male; Neoplasm Metastasis; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms
PubMed: 30171764
DOI: No ID Found -
Recenti Progressi in Medicina Nov 2017
Topics: Humans; Male; Mass Screening; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms
PubMed: 29149166
DOI: 10.1701/2812.28444 -
IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering 2022Prostate Cancer (PCa) is one of the deadliest forms of Cancer among men. Early screening process for PCa is primarily conducted with the help of a FDA approved biomarker...
Prostate Cancer (PCa) is one of the deadliest forms of Cancer among men. Early screening process for PCa is primarily conducted with the help of a FDA approved biomarker known as Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA). The PSA-based screening is challenged with the inability to differentiate between the cancerous PSA and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), resulting in high rates of false-positives. Optical techniques such as optical absorbance, scattering, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), and fluorescence have been extensively employed for Cancer diagnostic applications. One of the most important diagnostic applications involves utilization of nanoparticles (NPs) for highly specific, sensitive, rapid, multiplexed, and high performance Cancer detection and quantification. The incorporation of NPs with these optical biosensing techniques allow realization of low cost, point-of-care, highly sensitive, and specific early cancer detection technologies, especially for PCa. In this work, the current state-of-the-art, challenges, and efforts made by the researchers for realization of low cost, point-of-care (POC), highly sensitive, and specific NP enhanced optical biosensing technologies for PCa detection using PSA biomarker are discussed and analyzed.
Topics: Biomarkers; Humans; Male; Nanoparticles; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Hyperplasia; Prostatic Neoplasms
PubMed: 33136544
DOI: 10.1109/RBME.2020.3035273 -
Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters Jun 2020Disulfiram in conjunction with copper has been shown to be a potent anticancer agent. However, disulfiram's therapeutic potential in prostate cancer is hindered by...
Disulfiram in conjunction with copper has been shown to be a potent anticancer agent. However, disulfiram's therapeutic potential in prostate cancer is hindered by off-target effects due to its reactive and nucleophilic thiol-containing component, diethyldithiocarbamate (DTC). To minimize undesirable reactivity, we have strategically blocked the thiol moiety in DTC with a cleavable p-aminobenzyl (pAB) group linked to peptide substrates recognized by prostate specific antigen (PSA). Here we report the synthesis and evaluation in cancer cell models of two PSA-activatable prodrugs: HPD (Ac-HSSKLQL-pAB-DTC and RPD (RSSYYSL-pAB-DTC). In vitro exposure to PSA was found to trigger activation of HPD and RPD to release diethyldithiocarbamate, and both prodrugs were found to induce toxicity in prostate cancer cells, with HPD showing the most promising selectivity. With copper supplementation, the IC of HPD was 1.4 µM in PSA-expressing LNCaP cells, and 11 µM in PC3 cells that do not express PSA. These studies demonstrate the utility of using peptide recognition handles to direct the activity of dithiocarbamate prodrugs for selective cytotoxicity of cancer cells.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival; Copper; Humans; Male; Prodrugs; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms; Thiocarbamates
PubMed: 32253061
DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127148 -
Electrophoresis Feb 2017Serum levels of Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) are not fully specific for prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis and several efforts are focused on searching to improve PCa... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Serum levels of Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) are not fully specific for prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis and several efforts are focused on searching to improve PCa markers through the study of PSA subforms that could be cancer associated. We have previously reported by 2DE a decrease in the sialic acid content of PSA from PCa compared to benign prostatic hyperplasia patients based on the different proportion of the PSA spots. However, faster and more quantitative techniques, easier to automate than 2DE, are desirable. In this study, we examined the potential of CE for resolving PSA subforms in different samples and compared the results with those obtained by 2DE. We first fractionated by OFFGEL the subforms of PSA from seminal plasma according to their pIs and analyzed each separated fraction by 2DE and CE. We also analyzed PSA and high pI PSA, both from seminal plasma, and PSA from urine of a PCa patient. These samples with different PSA spots proportions by 2DE, due to different posttranslational modifications, also presented different CE profiles. This study shows that CE is a useful and complementary technique to 2DE for analyzing samples with different PSA subforms, which is of high clinical interest.
Topics: Electrophoresis, Capillary; Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; Humans; Male; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Protein Isoforms; Reproducibility of Results; Semen; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 27696472
DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600432