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Australian Journal of General Practice Mar 2023
Topics: Male; Humans; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Decision Making, Shared
PubMed: 36872085
DOI: 10.31128/AJGP-01-23-6692 -
The Journal of Applied Laboratory... May 2023
Topics: Male; Female; Humans; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Breast Neoplasms; Biomarkers, Tumor
PubMed: 36760007
DOI: 10.1093/jalm/jfad002 -
Korean Journal of Radiology 2018The aim of this systematic review was to describe the characteristics of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeting PET and their clinical applications in... (Review)
Review
The aim of this systematic review was to describe the characteristics of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeting PET and their clinical applications in prostate cancer patients. There have been major strides in the design, synthesis of PSMA-targeting PET tracers over the past several years. PSMA-targeting PET tracers can be categorized, according to positron emitters and targeting strategies for the PSMA. The majority of PSMA PET studies has been focused on patients with biochemical recurrence, but additional values of PSMA PET have also been investigated for use in primary staging, treatment planning, response evaluation, and PSMA radioligand therapy. PSMA PET is expected to bring improvements in the management of patients, but the impact of improved diagnosis by PSMA on overall survival remains unanswered. Many challenges still await PSMA PET to expedite the use in the clinical practice. At this early stage, prospective multicenter trials are needed to validate the effectiveness and usefulness of PSMA PET.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Choline; Contrast Media; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Positron-Emission Tomography; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms
PubMed: 30174470
DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2018.19.5.819 -
Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory... Jul 2020Several studies have shown an inverse association between diabetes mellitus and prostate cancer (PCa). Some researchers suggest that this relationship is due to reduced... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVES
Several studies have shown an inverse association between diabetes mellitus and prostate cancer (PCa). Some researchers suggest that this relationship is due to reduced PCa detection in diabetics due to lower prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels compared to non-diabetics. Our objective is to analyze the impact of diabetes on PSA in asymptomatic men without known prostate pathology and without prior prostate intervention.
METHODS
We searched Medline (via PubMed), Embase and Scopus. We included studies that reported the relationship between serum PSA levels and diabetes or diabetes treatment in asymptomatic adult men without known prostate pathology, and without prior prostate intervention. Pooled mean differences were compared between diabetics and non-diabetics.
RESULTS
Of 2,392 screened abstracts, thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria and 8 (62%) reported appropriate measures that could be included in a meta-analysis. Eleven (85%) examined the influence of diabetes on PSA levels and 8 (62%) evaluated the influence of diabetes treatments on PSA levels. Overall diabetics had a significantly lower PSA level compared to non-diabetics (mean difference: -0.07 ng/mL; 95% CI -0.10, -0.04).
CONCLUSIONS
Diabetes and related factors (such as disease duration, severity and treatment) were significantly associated with lower PSA levels among asymptomatic men, yet differences were small and are unlikely to influence PCa detection in a screening setting.
Topics: Age Factors; Diabetes Mellitus; Humans; Prostate-Specific Antigen
PubMed: 32681769
DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2020-0145 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2017Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies for which great progress has been made in identifying appropriate molecular targets that would enable efficient in... (Review)
Review
Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies for which great progress has been made in identifying appropriate molecular targets that would enable efficient in vivo targeting for imaging and therapy. The type II integral membrane protein, prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is overexpressed on prostate cancer cells in proportion to the stage and grade of the tumor progression, especially in androgen-independent, advanced and metastatic disease, rendering it a promising diagnostic and/or therapeutic target. From the perspective of nuclear medicine, PSMA-based radioligands may significantly impact the management of patients who suffer from prostate cancer. For that purpose, chelating-based PSMA-specific ligands have been labeled with various diagnostic and/or therapeutic radiometals for single-photon-emission tomography (SPECT), positron-emission-tomography (PET), radionuclide targeted therapy as well as intraoperative applications. This review focuses on the development and further applications of metal-based PSMA radioligands.
Topics: Ligands; Metals; Phosphoramides; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Radiopharmaceuticals; Urea
PubMed: 28338640
DOI: 10.3390/molecules22040523 -
JAMA Network Open May 2021
Topics: Humans; Male; Mass Screening; Prostate; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Watchful Waiting
PubMed: 33999169
DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.9711 -
International Journal of Environmental... May 2023There is limited research about the content and context of communication on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing among men in the state of Florida. The purpose of...
There is limited research about the content and context of communication on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing among men in the state of Florida. The purpose of this study is to understand how the content communication (discussion of advantages and disadvantages of PSA testing between provider and patient; provider recommendations of PSA testing) and the context of communication (continuity of care denoted by the presence of a personal doctor) influence PSA testing. Data were drawn from the Florida Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Receipt of PSA testing was the primary outcome. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to adjust for sociodemographic, clinical, healthcare access, and lifestyle characteristics when associating the content and context of communication with PSA testing. Discussions were classified into four mutually exclusive categories: discussions of advantages and disadvantages, only advantages, only disadvantages, and no discussion. The most significant predictors for PSA testing included physician recommendation, discussions including advantages, older age, non-smoking, and having a personal doctor. Individualized PSA screening may be a pathway to reducing racial disparities in screening for prostate cancer (PCa) and, by extension, lower incidence and mortality rates. Developing a bill to create an Office of Men's Health at Health & Human Services is recommended.
Topics: Male; Humans; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Mass Screening; Decision Making; Prostatic Neoplasms; Communication; Early Detection of Cancer
PubMed: 37174239
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20095721 -
Urology Dec 2022To evaluate how blood levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) relate to prostate volume of benign tissue, Gleason pattern 3 (GP3) and Gleason pattern 4 (GP4) cancer.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate how blood levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) relate to prostate volume of benign tissue, Gleason pattern 3 (GP3) and Gleason pattern 4 (GP4) cancer.
METHODS
The cohort included 2209 consecutive men undergoing radical prostatectomy at 2 academic institutions with pT2N0, Grade Group 1-4 prostate cancer and an undetectable postoperative PSA. Volume of benign, GP3, and GP4 were estimated. The primary analysis evaluated the association between PSA and volume of each type of tissue using multivariable linear regression. R, a measure of explained variation, was calculated using a multivariable model.
RESULTS
Estimated contribution to PSA was 0.04/0.06 ng/mL/cc for benign, 0.08/0.14 ng/mL/cc for GP3, and 0.62/0.80 ng/ml/cc for GP4 for the 2 independent cohorts, respectively. GP4 was associated with 6 to 8-fold more PSA per cc compared to GP3 and 15-fold higher compared to benign tissue. We did not observe a difference between PSA per cc for GP3 vs. benign tissue (P = 0.2). R decreased only slightly when removing age (0.006/0.018), volume of benign tissue (0.051/0.054) or GP3 (0.014/0.023) from the model. When GP4 was removed, R decreased 0.051/0.310. PSA density (PSA divided by prostate volume) was associated with volume of GP4 but not GP3, after adjustment for benign volume.
CONCLUSION
Gleason pattern 4 cancer contributes considerably more to PSA and PSA density per unit volume compared to GP3 and benign tissue. Contributions from GP3 and benign are similar. Further research should examine the utility of determining clinical management recommendations by absolute volume of GP4 rather than the ratio of GP3 to GP4.
Topics: Humans; Male; Neoplasm Grading; Prostate; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatectomy; Prostatic Neoplasms
PubMed: 35987380
DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2022.08.014 -
Clinica Chimica Acta; International... Aug 2015Screening for prostate cancer using prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is common. Prostate cancer has been associated with higher total PSA (tPSA), lower free PSA (fPSA),...
BACKGROUND
Screening for prostate cancer using prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is common. Prostate cancer has been associated with higher total PSA (tPSA), lower free PSA (fPSA), lower percent free PSA (%fPSA), and higher complexed PSA (cPSA).
METHODS
Total, free and complexed PSAs were performed on 3251 men ≥40years in the 2007-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Distributions of the PSA tests were examined by age, race and ethnicity, and body mass index (BMI) groups. Percentages of men at PSA thresholds were examined.
RESULTS
Total PSA geometric mean was 0.96μg/l among men aged ≥40years and increased from 0.74μg/l for men 40-49years, to 1.82μg/l for men 80years and older. Non-Hispanic Whites had lower age-adjusted mean tPSA (1.03μg/l) and cPSA (0.56μg/l) than non-Hispanic Blacks (tPSA 1.25μg/l and cPSA 0.72μg/l). Obese men had lower age-adjusted mean total, free and complexed PSAs (0.94, 0.27, and 0.51μg/l, respectively) than men with normal BMI (tPSA 1.21, fPSA 0.32, and cPSA 0.68μg/l, respectively).
CONCLUSION
Total, free and complexed PSAs increased with age; tPSA and cPSAs were highest in non-Hispanic Blacks; and total, free, and complexed PSAs were lowest in obese men.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; Body Mass Index; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms; Racial Groups; United States
PubMed: 26093340
DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2015.06.009 -
The Urologic Clinics of North America May 1997The search for a more sensitive and specific marker for prostate cancer as well as for use in forensic investigations led to the discovery of PSA. Utilization of the... (Review)
Review
The search for a more sensitive and specific marker for prostate cancer as well as for use in forensic investigations led to the discovery of PSA. Utilization of the purified protein resulted in the development of many immunoassays that are now in widespread use and have been applied successfully to the detection and monitoring of prostate cancer. Subsequent investigation into the biochemical characteristics of PSA revealed free and complexed forms of PSA in serum whose measurement now may provide additional clinical benefit. Further research into the molecular and biochemical properties of PSA as well as improvements in measurement techniques no doubt will lead to new applications and enhanced clinical use for this important tumor marker.
Topics: Humans; Male; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms
PubMed: 9126221
DOI: 10.1016/s0094-0143(05)70370-0