-
Cancer Biotherapy & Radiopharmaceuticals Oct 2021The landscape of nuclear oncology is rapidly changing. The advent of molecular radionuclide theranostics, multidisciplinary tumor board decision making, artificial...
The landscape of nuclear oncology is rapidly changing. The advent of molecular radionuclide theranostics, multidisciplinary tumor board decision making, artificial intelligence and radiomics interpretation of diagnostic imaging, evolution of pharmacogenomics prediction of tumor response, and regulatory requirements for prospective individual dosimetry are just some of the elements which are broadening the essence of physician responsibility. The burgeoning knowledge base essential for mastering the emergent technologies, and their profound effect on moral philosophic aspects of provision of cancer care, are challenging. The new relationship of the theranostic nuclear physician with respect to shared care of the individual patient, particularly with regard to transparency, accountability, and responsibility for targeted radionuclide diagnosis and therapy of cancer, will be explored in this update.
Topics: Artificial Intelligence; Humans; Medical Oncology; Neoplasms; Precision Medicine; Radiologic Health; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiotherapy
PubMed: 34339288
DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2021.0152 -
Rheumatic Diseases Clinics of North... May 2020This article discusses the current position of conventional radiography and MRI, the techniques recommended by the European League Against Rheumatism for use in imaging... (Review)
Review
This article discusses the current position of conventional radiography and MRI, the techniques recommended by the European League Against Rheumatism for use in imaging in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). Several challenges and areas of development regarding radiography and MRI in axSpA are considered. Also, a few interesting focus points for future research are noted. Besides the recommended techniques, this article discusses several nuclear imaging techniques and the usability of these techniques in daily practice.
Topics: Forecasting; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Radiography; Radionuclide Imaging; Sacroiliac Joint; Spondylarthritis
PubMed: 32340703
DOI: 10.1016/j.rdc.2020.01.005 -
Seminars in Nuclear Medicine Sep 2015Several different techniques, radiopharmaceuticals, and imaging modalities are commonly used in nuclear medicine for studies of endocrine organs. Nuclear medicine is... (Review)
Review
Several different techniques, radiopharmaceuticals, and imaging modalities are commonly used in nuclear medicine for studies of endocrine organs. Nuclear medicine is used in the management of benign and malignant thyroid, parathyroid, and neuroendocrine disorders. Thus, it is essential to acknowledge pitfalls and the limitations of nuclear medicine imaging for accurate diagnosis and patient management.
Topics: Endocrinology; Humans; Neuroendocrine Tumors; Parathyroid Glands; Radionuclide Imaging; Thyroid Diseases
PubMed: 26278855
DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2015.02.004 -
PET Clinics Jan 2024Compton imaging has been recognized as a possible nuclear medicine imaging method following the establishment of SPECT and PET. Whole gamma imaging (WGI), a combination... (Review)
Review
Compton imaging has been recognized as a possible nuclear medicine imaging method following the establishment of SPECT and PET. Whole gamma imaging (WGI), a combination of PET and Compton imaging, could be the first practical method to bring out the potential of Compton imaging in nuclear medicine. With the use of such positron emitters as Zr and Sc, WGI may enable highly sensitive imaging of antibody drugs for early tumor detection and quantitative hypoxia imaging for effective tumor treatment. Some of these concepts have been demonstrated preliminarily in physics experiments and small animal imaging tests with a developed WGI prototype.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiopharmaceuticals; Nuclear Medicine; Neoplasms
PubMed: 37718218
DOI: 10.1016/j.cpet.2023.08.003 -
Seminars in Ultrasound, CT, and MR Feb 2020Nuclear medicine (NM) plays a unique role in the detection of infection and inflammation. This review looks at different methods that are used for detection of... (Review)
Review
Nuclear medicine (NM) plays a unique role in the detection of infection and inflammation. This review looks at different methods that are used for detection of infections and explains how they differ from cross-sectional imaging such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Images are provided to aid understanding and interpretation of NM scans. There is also a brief discussion of future techniques that can alter the use of NM for infection work up.
Topics: Humans; Infections; Nuclear Medicine; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiopharmaceuticals
PubMed: 31964489
DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2019.10.005 -
Nuklearmedizin. Nuclear Medicine Jun 2018The S1 guideline for lung scintigraphy has been updated and extended in order to emphasize the advantages oft the method in detecting acute pulmonary embolism (PE) in...
The S1 guideline for lung scintigraphy has been updated and extended in order to emphasize the advantages oft the method in detecting acute pulmonary embolism (PE) in the periphery oft the lung (subsegmental PE), in underlying subacute and chronic pulmonary disorders, as well as in detecting chronic LE (CTEPH). Method of choice is ventilation / perfusion (V/P) SPECT or V/P SPECT/CT with even higher specificity. Because of its high sensitivity, a threshold (V/P mismatch in at least one segment or two subsegments) is introduced to avoid overtreatment. In case of a change in the therapeutic approach (observation only instead of anticoaculation) the threshold can be omitted. New data concerning the clinical and therapeutical impact of subsegmental PE are included, the chapters open questions have been extented. Other indications for V/P SPECT (secondary diagnoses, abnormalities in pulmonary perfusion, prediction of postoperative lung function) are presented with new data.
Topics: Germany; Humans; Lung; Perfusion Imaging; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Pulmonary Embolism; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiopharmaceuticals; Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography Computed Tomography; Ventilation-Perfusion Ratio
PubMed: 29871009
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1649553 -
Molecular Imaging and Biology Dec 2014In oncology, sensitive and reliable detection tumor tissue is crucial to prevent recurrences and to improve surgical outcome. Currently, extensive research is focused on... (Review)
Review
In oncology, sensitive and reliable detection tumor tissue is crucial to prevent recurrences and to improve surgical outcome. Currently, extensive research is focused on the use of radionuclides as well as fluorophores to provide real-time guidance during surgery to aid the surgeon in the identification of malignant tissue. Particularly, dual-modality approaches combining radionuclide and near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging have shown promising results in preclinical studies. Radionuclide imaging allows sensitive intra-operative localization of tumor lesions using a gamma probe, whereas NIRF imaging allows more accurate real-time tumor delineation. Consequently, both radionuclide and NIRF imaging might complement each other, and dual-modality image-guided surgery may overcome limitations of the currently used single-modality imaging techniques. In this review, a comprehensive overview on recent preclinical advances in tumor-targeted radionuclide and fluorescence dual-modality imaging is provided. Subsequently, the clinical applicability of dual-modality image-guided surgery is discussed.
Topics: Animals; Fluorescent Dyes; Humans; Multimodal Imaging; Neoplasms; Positron-Emission Tomography; Radioisotopes; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
PubMed: 24849133
DOI: 10.1007/s11307-014-0747-y -
European Journal of Nuclear Medicine... Nov 2022Targeted radionuclide theranostics is becoming more and more prominent in clinical oncology. Currently, most nuclear medicine compounds researched for cancer... (Review)
Review
Targeted radionuclide theranostics is becoming more and more prominent in clinical oncology. Currently, most nuclear medicine compounds researched for cancer theranostics are directed towards targets expressed in only a small subset of cancer types, limiting clinical applicability. The identification of cancer-specific targets that are (more) universally expressed will allow more cancer patients to benefit from these personalized nuclear medicine-based interventions. A tumor is not merely a collection of cancer cells, it also comprises supporting stromal cells embedded in an altered extracellular matrix (ECM), together forming the tumor microenvironment (TME). Since the TME is less genetically unstable than cancer cells, and TME phenotypes can be shared between cancer types, it offers targets that are more universally expressed. The TME is characterized by the presence of altered processes such as hypoxia, acidity, and increased metabolism. Next to the ECM, the TME consists of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), macrophages, endothelial cells forming the neo-vasculature, immune cells, and cancer-associated adipocytes (CAAs). Radioligands directed at the altered processes, the ECM, and the cellular components of the TME have been developed and evaluated in preclinical and clinical studies for targeted radionuclide imaging and/or therapy. In this review, we provide an overview of the TME targets and their corresponding radioligands. In addition, we discuss what developments are needed to further explore the TME as a target for radionuclide theranostics, with the hopes of stimulating the development of novel TME radioligands with multi-cancer, or in some cases even pan-cancer, application.
Topics: Humans; Precision Medicine; Endothelial Cells; Tumor Microenvironment; Neoplasms; Radionuclide Imaging
PubMed: 35788730
DOI: 10.1007/s00259-022-05870-1 -
Clinical Microbiology and Infection :... Mar 2024Osteoarticular infections are uncommon and required a multimodal approach for diagnosis. Imaging forms an important component of this multimodal approach. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Osteoarticular infections are uncommon and required a multimodal approach for diagnosis. Imaging forms an important component of this multimodal approach.
OBJECTIVES
In this narrative review, we describe the different imaging modalities, features of osteoarticular infections present on these imaging approaches and recommendations for which imaging modality should be considered in different types of osteoarticular infections.
SOURCES
This narrative review was based on literature review from PubMed and was limited to bacterial infections in adult patients.
CONTENT
Imaging modalities include modalities that provide information on the anatomy or radionuclide imaging that provides information about the metabolic activity of the area of interest. Anatomical imaging includes plain radiographs (X-ray), computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Radionuclide approaches include three-phase bone scintigraphy, gallium scans, white blood cell scintigraphy, and F-fluorodeoxy-glucose positron emission tomography. The optimal radiological modality for diagnosis is influenced by multiple factors, including infection location, presence of metalware, timing of infection from any preceding surgery or fracture, antibiotic use, and patient comorbidities. Local availability of scanning modality, tracer supply, technical expertise, and patient access also influences choice.
IMPLICATIONS
A collaborative approach with imaging, pathology and clinical input in a multidisciplinary setting is paramount for the diagnosis of osteoarticular infections. Increasing research and improvements in technology will further improve the utility and accuracy of imaging approaches for imaging in osteoarticular infections.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Radionuclide Imaging; Positron-Emission Tomography; Radiopharmaceuticals; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Osteomyelitis
PubMed: 37940000
DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2023.11.001 -
Indian Pediatrics Jul 2018Renal scintigraphy is a useful tool in diagnosis and management of various nephro-urological conditions. Tc-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid renal scintigraphy (Tc-99m-DMSA),... (Review)
Review
Renal scintigraphy is a useful tool in diagnosis and management of various nephro-urological conditions. Tc-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid renal scintigraphy (Tc-99m-DMSA), Tc-99m mercaptoacetyltriglycine (Tc-99m-MAG3) or Tc-99m diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Tc-99m-DTPA) dynamic renal scintigraphy, and Radionuclide micturating cystography are the common scans used in children with kidney diseases. These studies are minimally invasive, easily available, and offer both anatomic details and functional information required for thorough evaluation. At the same time, it is essential to have appropriate knowledge to interpret these studies and be aware of their limitations and pitfalls. The advent of Positron emission tomography-computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET-CT/MRI) has broadened the scope of nuclear medicine. This article focuses on the technique, interpretation, indication and recent practice guidelines of renal scintigraphy in children with kidney diseases.
Topics: Child; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Pediatrics; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Radionuclide Imaging
PubMed: 30129542
DOI: No ID Found