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PET Clinics Jan 2019In vivo molecular imaging detects biologic processes at molecular level and provides diagnostic information at an earlier time point during disease onset or repair. It... (Review)
Review
In vivo molecular imaging detects biologic processes at molecular level and provides diagnostic information at an earlier time point during disease onset or repair. It offers definite advantage over anatomic imaging in terms of improved sensitivity and ability to quantify. Radionuclide molecular imaging has been widely used in clinical practice. This article discusses the role of radionuclide imaging in various infective and inflammatory diseases affecting musculoskeletal system with a focus on PET. It appears that, as more data become available, combined PET/MR imaging could emerge as a front runner in the imaging of musculoskeletal infection and inflammation.
Topics: Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Humans; Infections; Inflammation; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Multimodal Imaging; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Musculoskeletal System; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Positron-Emission Tomography; Radiopharmaceuticals
PubMed: 30420221
DOI: 10.1016/j.cpet.2018.08.009 -
Reumatologia Clinica 2017
Topics: Adult; Camurati-Engelmann Syndrome; Female; Humans; Radionuclide Imaging
PubMed: 26830437
DOI: 10.1016/j.reuma.2015.12.004 -
Seminars in Ultrasound, CT, and MR Feb 2018Molecular breast imaging (MBI), also called breast-specific gamma imaging (BSGI), has been an integral component of our breast imaging practice for over a decade. Unlike... (Review)
Review
Molecular breast imaging (MBI), also called breast-specific gamma imaging (BSGI), has been an integral component of our breast imaging practice for over a decade. Unlike mammography and ultrasound that are based on anatomy, MBI is a physiologic approach to breast cancer detection. MBI detects additional foci of occult breast cancer in 9.0% of women with newly diagnosed breast cancer, has a high sensitivity for detecting high-risk lesions, and detects 98% of invasive breast cancer and 91.0% of ductal carcinoma in situ. Furthermore, in surveillance of high-risk women, BSGI/MBI detects occult cancer in up to 16.5 per 1000 women. This modality is increasingly being used to assess response to treatment in women undergoing neo-adjuvant chemotherapy and for adjunct screening in women with dense breasts. It has been shown to influence surgical management in nearly a quarter of women with newly diagnosed breast cancer. The Society of Nuclear Imaging has established clinical indications and The American College of Radiology has established appropriateness criteria as well as an accreditation program for MBI. A BIRADS-like lexicon for MBI has also been described. Initially, MBI utilized 10-20mCi of 99mTc sestamibi, however, recent studies have reported the use of 5-10mCi with equal sensitivity to the higher dose of radiotracer. There are over 300 studies in the literature about MBI/BSGI with increasing integration of MBI into clinical practice. This chapter will describe the history, current literature and indications, clinical use, approach to biopsy and integration of MBI into clinical practice.
Topics: Breast; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Molecular Imaging; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiopharmaceuticals; Sensitivity and Specificity; Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi
PubMed: 29317040
DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2017.10.001 -
Seminars in Nuclear Medicine Nov 2015Radionuclide imaging for the hepatobiliary and gastrointestinal system covers a wide range of different indications and imaging techniques. This wide variety allows the... (Review)
Review
Radionuclide imaging for the hepatobiliary and gastrointestinal system covers a wide range of different indications and imaging techniques. This wide variety allows the different functional assessments of both systems. Therefore, the understanding of each technique and its indications is essential. Cholescintigraphy is a well-established method in the assessment of acute and chronic cholecystitis. It also has a role in the detection of biliary atresia. The assessment of gastrointestinal transit is also well-established in radionuclide imaging for functional investigation of the gastrointestinal tract. Furthermore, detection of acute gastrointestinal bleeding with radionuclide imaging is also standard practice. This article aims to review the pitfalls and limitations in all of these areas.
Topics: Biliary Tract; Cholecystitis; Gastrointestinal Tract; Gastrointestinal Transit; Humans; Liver; Multimodal Imaging; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiopharmaceuticals
PubMed: 26522393
DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2015.06.001 -
Journal of Nuclear Medicine : Official... Dec 2015Radiopeptides are powerful tools for diagnostic imaging and radionuclide therapy of various diseases. Since the introduction of the first radiopeptide into the clinical... (Review)
Review
Radiopeptides are powerful tools for diagnostic imaging and radionuclide therapy of various diseases. Since the introduction of the first radiopeptide into the clinical setting to diagnose neuroendocrine tumors about 25 y ago, many advances have been made in the field. This short review highlights novel strategies to improve the application of radiopeptides for imaging and therapy.
Topics: Fluorine Radioisotopes; Gallium Radioisotopes; Humans; Molecular Imaging; Neoplasms; Peptides; Positron-Emission Tomography; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiopharmaceuticals; Receptors, Somatostatin; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
PubMed: 26514175
DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.115.161158 -
Journal of Nuclear Medicine : Official... Feb 2016Breast-dedicated radionuclide imaging systems show promise for increasing clinical sensitivity for breast cancer while minimizing patient dose and cost. We present... (Review)
Review
Breast-dedicated radionuclide imaging systems show promise for increasing clinical sensitivity for breast cancer while minimizing patient dose and cost. We present several breast-dedicated coincidence-photon and single-photon camera designs that have been described in the literature and examine their intrinsic performance, clinical relevance, and impact. Recent tracer development is mentioned, results from recent clinical tests are summarized, and potential areas for improvement are highlighted.
Topics: Breast; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Mammography; Organ Specificity; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiopharmaceuticals
PubMed: 26834101
DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.115.157883 -
The British Journal of Radiology Nov 2018Theranostics and its principles: pre-treatment selection of patients who are most likely to benefit from treatment by the use of a related, specific diagnostic test are... (Review)
Review
Theranostics and its principles: pre-treatment selection of patients who are most likely to benefit from treatment by the use of a related, specific diagnostic test are integral to the treatment of patients with neuroendocrine tumours (NETs). This is due to NETs' important, but variable, somatostatin receptor (SSTR) expression, their heterogeneity and variation in site of primary and rate of progression. Only patients whose tumours have sufficient expression of SSTRs will benefit from SSTR-based radionuclide therapy and demonstrating this expression prior to therapy is essential. This article provides a relevant overview of NETs and the multiple facets of SSTR based theranostics, including imaging and therapy radionuclides; clinical efficacy and toxicity; patient selection and treatment and finally emerging radiopharmaceuticals and newer clinical applications.
Topics: Aged; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neuroendocrine Tumors; Patient Selection; Radioisotopes; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiopharmaceuticals; Receptors, Somatostatin; Theranostic Nanomedicine; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 30102557
DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20180108 -
AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology Nov 2020The purpose of this article is to summarize the protocol, interpretation, and diagnostic performance of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging in imaging two... (Review)
Review
The purpose of this article is to summarize the protocol, interpretation, and diagnostic performance of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging in imaging two distinctive, underdiagnosed cardiomyopathies: cardiac amyloidosis and cardiac sarcoidosis. Emerging new radiotracers and advanced molecular imaging modalities enable us to noninvasively characterize certain types of cardiomyopathies, including cardiac amyloidosis and cardiac sarcoidosis, with great confidence. We expect to improve recognition and promote the application of such advanced techniques in the imaging and management of these potentially lethal cardiomyopathies.
Topics: Amyloidosis; Cardiomyopathies; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Molecular Imaging; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Positron-Emission Tomography; Radionuclide Imaging; Sarcoidosis
PubMed: 32901569
DOI: 10.2214/AJR.20.22790 -
Seminars in Nuclear Medicine May 2019Hepatobiliary scintigraphy (HBS) is an emerging tool in the assessment of hepatic function. This nuclear imaging technique can be used to calculate both global and... (Review)
Review
Hepatobiliary scintigraphy (HBS) is an emerging tool in the assessment of hepatic function. This nuclear imaging technique can be used to calculate both global and regional liver function. It has proven to be the most reliable way of assessing the distribution of liver function, especially in patients with impaired liver function due to, for example, cirrhosis or after chemotherapy. There are two types of tracers: Technetium-99m with a type of iminodiacetic acid and Technetium-99m galactosyl human serum albumin. The main indication for HBS is the assessment of the future liver remnant function in patients scheduled to undergo hemihepatectomy; to predict the risk of posthepatectomy liver failure. Another upcoming indication is the use of HBS in patients undergoing radioembolization.
Topics: Biliary Tract; Humans; Liver; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiotherapy, Image-Guided; Surgery, Computer-Assisted
PubMed: 30954189
DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2019.01.007 -
International Journal of Radiation... Jul 2022
Topics: Gallium Radioisotopes; Humans; Meningeal Neoplasms; Meningioma; Organometallic Compounds; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Positron-Emission Tomography; Radionuclide Imaging
PubMed: 35772444
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.04.041