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Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica Dec 2018The purpose of this study was to finalize the development of the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ), a self-report diagnostic measure of post-traumatic stress...
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to finalize the development of the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ), a self-report diagnostic measure of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD (CPTSD), as defined in the 11th version of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11).
METHOD
The optimal symptom indicators of PTSD and CPTSD were identified by applying item response theory (IRT) analysis to data from a trauma-exposed community sample (n = 1051) and a trauma-exposed clinical sample (n = 247) from the United Kingdom. The validity of the optimized 12-item ITQ was assessed with confirmatory factor analyses. Diagnostic rates were estimated and compared to previous validation studies.
RESULTS
The latent structure of the 12-item, optimized ITQ was consistent with prior findings, and diagnostic rates of PTSD and CPTSD were in line with previous estimates.
CONCLUSION
The ITQ is a brief, simply worded measure of the core features of PTSD and CPTSD. It is consistent with the organizing principles of the ICD-11 to maximize clinical utility and international applicability through a focus on a limited but central set of symptoms. The measure is freely available and can be found in the body of this paper.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Humans; International Classification of Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Psychological Trauma; Reproducibility of Results; Self Report; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic; United Kingdom; Young Adult
PubMed: 30178492
DOI: 10.1111/acps.12956 -
Acta Psychologica Jul 2023
Topics: Humans; Personality; Self Report
PubMed: 37316377
DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2023.103954 -
Journal of Aging and Health Mar 2017The objective of this study was to develop and assess a composite measure of physical capacity using self-report and physical performance items.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to develop and assess a composite measure of physical capacity using self-report and physical performance items.
METHOD
Item response theory (IRT) is used to evaluate measurement properties of self-report and performance items and to develop a composite measure for 7,609 participants in the National Health and Aging Trends Study.
RESULTS
Self-reports distinguish differences at the lower end of physical capacity but not at mid-to-high levels. Performance-based measures discriminate across a fuller spectrum. An IRT-based composite score, drawing on both, provides increased measurement precision across the physical capacity spectrum and detects age group differences if either self-report or performance does so-suggesting it is better suited for studying age-related changes than either measure alone.
DISCUSSION
Self-report and performance measures have different strengths on the physical capacity spectrum. IRT provides a means of combining these different measurement approaches for analyses of physical capacity across a broad range of functioning in later life.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Disability Evaluation; Female; Health Status; Humans; Male; Physical Fitness; Psychometrics; Self Report; Task Performance and Analysis
PubMed: 26965083
DOI: 10.1177/0898264316635566 -
Early Intervention in Psychiatry Jan 2022Phenomenological researchers argue that schizophrenia spectrum disorders are primarily disorders of the basic self. To test this argument, we compared self-report and...
AIM
Phenomenological researchers argue that schizophrenia spectrum disorders are primarily disorders of the basic self. To test this argument, we compared self-report and lexical measures of basic self-disturbance between schizophrenia spectrum (high-schizotypy) and non-spectrum groups (low-schizotypy).
METHODS
From an initial sample (n = 310) screened with the (SPQ), n = 39 were classified as high schizotypy (z > 1.28 on at least one SPQ factor scale) and were compared to a randomly selected low-schizotypy group (z < 1 on all three SPQ factor scales; n = 41). Participants wrote four narratives about personal and fictional experiences and completed the Ego Strength Questionnaire and a self-report version of the Schizophrenia Proneness Instrument. The written narratives were subjected to linguistic inquiry to examine pronoun usage (lexical measures).
RESULTS
The high-schizotypy group reported higher levels of basic symptoms, lower ego strength, and used third-person and personal pronouns more frequently than the low-schizotypy group. Self-report measures correlated significantly with lexical measures. Self-report and lexical measures were useful tools in predicting high schizotypy, correctly classifying 68% and 69% of schizotypy and non-schizotypy, respectively.
CONCLUSION
In line with phenomenologists' arguments, high schizotypy was associated, to some extent, with basic self-disturbance.
Topics: Humans; Schizophrenia; Schizotypal Personality Disorder; Self Report; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 33559381
DOI: 10.1111/eip.13125 -
History of Psychology Aug 2021Teo et al. (2021, p. 217) have asked me "to locate [myself] epistemologically and politically and identify [my] position in…institutional and departmental...
Teo et al. (2021, p. 217) have asked me "to locate [myself] epistemologically and politically and identify [my] position in…institutional and departmental struggles…to allow a reader to contextualize [my] reconstructions." Therefore, I provide information on my political and scientific orientation, my position at the Free University of Berlin, and my relationship to Klaus Holzkamp. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
Topics: Historiography; Humans; Motivation; Self Report
PubMed: 34516187
DOI: 10.1037/hop0000197 -
The American Journal of Occupational... 2020Women with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and ADHD symptoms may experience difficulty carrying out desired life roles and activities. (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
IMPORTANCE
Women with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and ADHD symptoms may experience difficulty carrying out desired life roles and activities.
OBJECTIVE
To determine whether a 7-wk tailored occupation-based intervention can reduce perceived stress and ADHD symptoms and enhance perceived performance of and satisfaction with daily roles and activities among women with ADHD.
DESIGN
Randomization to intervention (n = 11) and control (n = 12) groups.
SETTING
Home and community.
PARTICIPANTS
Twenty-three participants ages 20-55 yr, English speaking, and with a self-reported diagnosis of ADHD.
INTERVENTION
The intervention was administered for 7 wk in individual 1-hr sessions and addressed routine establishment, organization, time management, stress management, and sensory regulation in the home and community.
OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Self-Report Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, and Canadian Occupational Performance Measure.
RESULTS
At 1-wk postintervention, statistically significant differences were found between intervention and control groups in perceived stress (Z = -3.838, p < .000, d = -2.66), ADHD symptoms (Z = -3.605, p < .000, d = -2.17), and COPM Performance (Z = -4.074, p < .000, d = 3.04) and Satisfaction change scores (Z = -3.759, p < .000, d = 2.82).
CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE
A 7-wk tailored intervention reduced perceived stress and ADHD symptoms and enhanced perceived performance of and satisfaction with desired occupational roles and activities in a sample of women with ADHD. Further research is warranted to determine whether the intervention can be useful to women with ADHD beyond the present sample.
WHAT THIS ARTICLE ADDS
This intervention may offer an effective nonpharmacological option for women with ADHD symptoms.
Topics: Adult; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Canada; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Research Design; Self Report; Young Adult
PubMed: 32078512
DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2020.033316 -
Arthritis Care & Research Oct 2020
Review
Topics: Exercise; Humans; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Self Report
PubMed: 33091242
DOI: 10.1002/acr.24211 -
Military Psychology : the Official... 2023Criterion measures vary greatly in terms of their psychometric quality and ease of use. This paper serves two purposes. First, it provides a general summary of different... (Review)
Review
Criterion measures vary greatly in terms of their psychometric quality and ease of use. This paper serves two purposes. First, it provides a general summary of different approaches to criterion measurement in a military context. Second, it provides an extensive review of 16 specific types of criterion measurement methods (e.g., job performance rating scales, self-report questionnaires, job knowledge tests) on nine psychometric and ease-of-use evaluation factors. Eight criterion measurement experts read a summary of extant research and made ratings to evaluate each measurement method on the evaluation factors. Rater intra-class correlations (ICCs) were high, ranging from .75 to .95 across the evaluation dimensions with a median of .91. Data showed a quality-feasibility tradeoff, where criterion data that are easy to obtain often have technical flaws. Recommendations for military services and future directions in criterion measurement (e.g., applications of machine learning) are discussed.
Topics: Humans; Psychometrics; Self Report; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 37352453
DOI: 10.1080/08995605.2022.2050165 -
Journal of Fluency Disorders Dec 2018To (1) analyze verbatim wording used by adults who stutter (AWS) to self-disclose stuttering, (2) determine contexts in which AWS may self-disclose, (3) examine the use...
PURPOSE
To (1) analyze verbatim wording used by adults who stutter (AWS) to self-disclose stuttering, (2) determine contexts in which AWS may self-disclose, (3) examine the use of self-disclosure by AWS about other aspects of their identity, and (4) investigate the ways in which speech-language pathologists (SLPs) develop self-disclosure statements with AWS.
METHOD
Web-based questionnaires were administered to AWS (N = 42) and SLPs (N = 33) who work with AWS. The AWS questionnaire asked about the verbatim wording of self-disclosure statements used by AWS and the contexts in which they utilize them. For SLPs, the questionnaire probed how and why they work with AWS to formulate self-disclosure statements. Responses were openly coded and then funneled into concepts for analysis.
RESULTS
The majority of AWS provided verbatim self-disclosure statements which were educational in nature. However, when responding to fixed choices and when reporting on self-disclosing other aspects of their lives, the majority of participants selected a direct statement. The majority of AWS reported that they self-disclose when interviewing for a job. SLPs reportedly instruct their clients to use educational self-disclosure statements. SLPs also reported that they use an individualized approach to brainstorming self-disclosure statements. Finally, SLPs reported that they find self-disclosure beneficial because it facilitates self-empowerment for AWS.
CONCLUSION
AWS may benefit from learning about the type of self-disclosure statements and the contexts in which other AWS chose to disclose. Additionally, SLPs who work with AWS may benefit from the reported procedures for and types of self-disclosure statements formulated by AWS.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Male; Self Disclosure; Self Report; Stuttering
PubMed: 30286946
DOI: 10.1016/j.jfludis.2018.09.004 -
Scandinavian Journal of Psychology Apr 2023Self-control is regarded as a necessary trait in almost every aspect of human life. Numerous self-control scales have been developed and utilized in various fields, but... (Review)
Review
Self-control is regarded as a necessary trait in almost every aspect of human life. Numerous self-control scales have been developed and utilized in various fields, but their psychometric characteristics have not been reviewed and evaluated. In this regard, the objective of this review is to identify and evaluate original self-report self-control measures. We examined relevant studies published before November 2021 using Web of Science, PsycArticles, ProQuest, and Medline electronic databases and conducted reference list searches. Then, we selected a total of 34 measures that met the defined selection criteria and evaluated the quality of the instruments using the standards proposed by Terwee and colleagues. Overall, our findings demonstrated that no instruments received a perfect score; however, some performed better than others in quality assessment.
Topics: Humans; Self Report; Psychometrics
PubMed: 36303428
DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12881