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Supportive Care in Cancer : Official... Apr 2022
Topics: Humans; Mucositis; Stomatitis
PubMed: 35067733
DOI: 10.1007/s00520-022-06840-x -
British Journal of Hospital Medicine... Sep 2022Almost all cancer therapies lead to a wide array of side effects, owing to the disruption of normal physiological processes and alteration of immunological responses. Of... (Review)
Review
Almost all cancer therapies lead to a wide array of side effects, owing to the disruption of normal physiological processes and alteration of immunological responses. Of these, mucositis is one of the most commonly encountered side effects, presenting in about 20-40% of all patients receiving chemotherapy and 80% of those being treated with radiotherapy for head and neck malignancies. This article provides a brief introduction and comprehensive overview of the various treatment modalities used in managing this complication. The key to management is a multidisciplinary approach, revolving around pain control, oral hygiene, nutritional support and management of superimposed infection. The scarcity of therapeutic options for prevention or treatment of mucositis has resulted in clinical difficulty in controlling it, which, in turn, seriously affects the patient's quality of life and cancer management, contributing to patient morbidity and mortality.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Mucositis; Quality of Life; Stomatitis
PubMed: 36193926
DOI: 10.12968/hmed.2022.0324 -
The International Journal of... 2019Peri-implant mucositis has been defined as a reversible inflammatory reaction in the soft tissues around a functioning implant with no bone loss. This paper reviews the... (Review)
Review
Peri-implant mucositis has been defined as a reversible inflammatory reaction in the soft tissues around a functioning implant with no bone loss. This paper reviews the prevalence, etiology, risk indicators, prevention, and treatment of mucositis. Relying on the literature concerning mucositis, the bacterial etiology is discussed as well as the varying ranges of prevalence, reported to be from 20% to 80% of subjects (13% to 62% of implants) after a minimum of 5 years of implant function. A discussion of the definition of mucositis questions the assumption of it being completely reversible following treatment and challenges the concept of mucositis "transfer" (conversion) to peri-implantitis.
Topics: Dental Implants; Humans; Peri-Implantitis; Stomatitis
PubMed: 30794253
DOI: 10.11607/prd.3976 -
Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health Aug 2023
Topics: Humans; Stomatitis
PubMed: 37526317
DOI: 10.1111/jpc.1_16167 -
Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health Aug 2023
Topics: Humans; Stomatitis
PubMed: 35969102
DOI: 10.1111/jpc.16167 -
Primary Dental Journal Dec 2017Removable dentures are worn by 20% of the UK population and two thirds of these individuals have denture stomatitis. Poor oral hygiene is commonplace among this group,... (Review)
Review
Removable dentures are worn by 20% of the UK population and two thirds of these individuals have denture stomatitis. Poor oral hygiene is commonplace among this group, as is smoking and xerostomia, which also contribute to the development of denture stomatitis. A complex polymicrobial biofilm is able to proliferate on the surface of denture materials and matures to form visible denture plaque. This denture plaque biofilm stimulates a local inflammatory process that is detectable clinically as erythema, and hyperplasia. Systemically, denture plaque represents a potential risk factor for systemic disease, in particular aspiration pneumonia. Respiratory pathogens have been detected in the denture plaque and overnight denture wear has been linked to an increased risk of aspiration pneumonia. There is a general lack of evidence on the adequate management of denture stomatitis and we present a protocol for use in the primary care setting.
Topics: Biofilms; Dental Plaque; General Practice, Dental; Humans; Oral Hygiene; Risk Factors; Smoking; Stomatitis, Denture; Xerostomia
PubMed: 29258641
DOI: 10.1308/205016817822230175 -
International Journal of Molecular... Oct 2022Oral mucositis is a common adverse effect of cancer therapy. Probiotics have been shown to exert anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. We performed a... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Oral mucositis is a common adverse effect of cancer therapy. Probiotics have been shown to exert anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. We performed a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to investigate whether probiotics can prevent cancer therapy−induced oral mucositis. We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases for trials related to probiotics and oral mucositis published before September 2022; no language restrictions were applied. The primary outcome was the incidence of oral mucositis and severe oral mucositis. Secondary outcomes were the requirement for enteral nutrition during treatment, body weight loss, and decreased quality of life. The study has been registered in PROSPERO (number: CRD 42022302339). Eight RCTs, including 708 patients, were reviewed; however, a meta-analysis of only seven trials could be performed. Three trials using Lactobacilli-based probiotics reported that the incidence of oral mucositis in the probiotic group was significantly low (risk ratio [RR] = 0.84, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.77−0.93, p = 0.0004). Seven trials reported a significantly low incidence of severe oral mucositis in the probiotic group (RR = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.53−0.81, p < 0.0001). The requirement of enteral nutrition was significantly low in the probiotic group (odds ratio = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.13−0.92, p < 0.05). This study demonstrated the effectiveness of probiotics in the prevention and mitigation of cancer therapy−induced oral mucositis. We recommend the use of probiotics to prevent and treat oral mucositis during cancer therapy.
Topics: Humans; Probiotics; Stomatitis; Neoplasms; Lactobacillus; Enteral Nutrition
PubMed: 36362057
DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113268 -
The New England Journal of Medicine Nov 2021
Topics: Crohn Disease; Eosinophilia; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Stomatitis; Tongue; Tongue Diseases
PubMed: 34818482
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMicm2108327 -
Supportive Care in Cancer : Official... Oct 2019To systematically review the literature and update the evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for the use of photobiomodulation (PBM), such as laser and other light...
PURPOSE
To systematically review the literature and update the evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for the use of photobiomodulation (PBM), such as laser and other light therapies, for the prevention and/or treatment of oral mucositis (OM).
METHODS
A systematic review was conducted by the Mucositis Study Group of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer/International Society for Oral Oncology (MASCC/ISOO) using PubMed and Web of Science. We followed the MASCC methods for systematic review and guidelines development. The rigorously evaluated evidence for each intervention, in each cancer treatment setting, was assigned a level-of-evidence (LoE). Based on the LoE, one of the following guidelines was determined: Recommendation, Suggestion, or No Guideline Possible.
RESULTS
Recommendations are made for the prevention of OM and related pain with PBM therapy in cancer patients treated with one of the following modalities: hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, head and neck (H&N) radiotherapy (without chemotherapy), and H&N radiotherapy with chemotherapy. For each of these modalities, we recommend 1-2 clinically effective protocols; the clinician should adhere to all parameters of the protocol selected. Due to inadequate evidence, currently, No Guideline Possible for treatment of established OM or for management of chemotherapy-related OM. The reported clinical settings were extremely variable, limiting data integration.
CONCLUSIONS
The evidence supports the use of specific settings of PBM therapy for the prevention of OM in specific patient populations. Under these circumstances, PBM is recommended for the prevention of OM. The guidelines are subject to continuous update based on new published data.
Topics: Clinical Protocols; Humans; Low-Level Light Therapy; Male; Mucositis; Neoplasms; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Stomatitis
PubMed: 31286228
DOI: 10.1007/s00520-019-04890-2 -
BMJ Case Reports Oct 2019
Topics: Adult; Biomarkers; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Male; Renal Insufficiency; Renal Replacement Therapy; Stomatitis; Tongue Diseases; Uremia
PubMed: 31628094
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2019-231948