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Seminars in Oncology Nursing Feb 2022To provide an overview with the most up-to-date evidence on the management of cancer-treatment related mucositis. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To provide an overview with the most up-to-date evidence on the management of cancer-treatment related mucositis.
DATA SOURCES
Peer-reviewed articles, textbooks, and the internet.
CONCLUSION
A multitude of new and innovative treatments for the management of mucositis exist. Mucositis guidelines have changed to reflect the current evidence, but more research is needed on emerging modalities.
IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE
Oncology nurses have a primary role in the assessment and early identification of mucositis. Educating patients and recommending evidence-based guidelines is paramount in preventing and ameliorating this challenging side effect of treatment.
Topics: Humans; Mucositis; Neoplasms; Stomatitis
PubMed: 35219566
DOI: 10.1016/j.soncn.2022.151252 -
Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral Y Cirugia... Jan 2017Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia (IPH) is a benign lesion of the palatal mucosa. It is usually found in denture-wearers but also has been reported in patients without... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia (IPH) is a benign lesion of the palatal mucosa. It is usually found in denture-wearers but also has been reported in patients without a history of use of a maxillary prosthesis use.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study is to review the literature to assess the prevalence of denture stomatitis and inflammatory papillary hyperplasia and the etiological factors associated.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A search was carried out in PubMed (January 2005 to October 2015) with the key words "inflammatory papillary hyperplasia", "denture stomatitis", "granular stomatitis" and "Newton's type III" The inclusion criteria were studies including at least a sample of 50 apparently healthy patients, articles published from 2005 to 2015 written in English. The exclusion criteria were reviews and non-human studies.
RESULTS
Out of the 190 studies obtained initially from the search 16 articles were selected to be included in our systematic review. The prevalence of denture stomatitis was 29.56% and 4.44% for IPH. We found 5 cases of denture stomatitis among non-denture-wearer individuals. All IPH cases were associated with the use of prosthesis. Smoking and continued use of ill-fitting dentures turned out to be the most frequent risk factors for developing IPH.
CONCLUSIONS
IPH is a rare oral lesion and its pathogenesis still remains unclear. Its presentation among non-denture-wearers is extremely unusual.
Topics: Humans; Hyperplasia; Mouth Mucosa; Palate; Prevalence; Stomatitis; Stomatitis, Denture
PubMed: 27918740
DOI: 10.4317/medoral.21405 -
Indian Journal of Dental Research :... 2020Radiation-induced oral mucositis (RIOM) is considered the most severe non-haematological complication affecting almost every head and neck cancer patient during the... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
INTRODUCTION
Radiation-induced oral mucositis (RIOM) is considered the most severe non-haematological complication affecting almost every head and neck cancer patient during the course of radiotherapy (RT). Curcumin, a herbal agent present in Indian spice 'Turmeric' has anti-inflammatory, immunomodulation and wound healing properties. The objective of this pilot randomised controlled clinical trial was to compare the effectiveness and safety of 0.1% curcumin (freshly prepared using nanoparticles) and 0.15% benzydamine mouthwash on RIOM among 74 head and neck cancer patients scheduled to receive RT.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Assessment of RIOM was carried out using WHO criteria once in a week for 6 weeks. Both modified intention to treat (MIT) and per protocol (PP) analysis were carried out to test the null hypothesis of equal effectiveness on prevention and severity of RIOM.
RESULTS
As far as the onset of RIOM is concerned, MIT analysis showed that the instantaneous risk of getting the onset of RIOM was 50% lower (hazard ratio 0.5) in curcumin. Onset of RIOM was also significantly delayed (mean = 19.56, median = 21) in the test group by 2 weeks. But in 'PP' analysis, no significant difference was observed between two preparations and almost all patients experienced the onset. Both the mouthwashes were equally effective in preventing the occurrence of severe form of RIOM in PP analysis after dichotomisation of severity score (≥3 and ≤2).
CONCLUSION
Though both the mouthwashes were not able to completely prevent the onset of RIOM and reduce the severity of RIOM, use of 0.1% curcumin mouthwash was able to significantly delay the onset of RIOM (Clinical trial registration no. CTRI/2018/04/013362).
Topics: Curcumin; Double-Blind Method; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Mouthwashes; Pilot Projects; Stomatitis
PubMed: 33433509
DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.IJDR_822_18 -
Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral... Aug 2022
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Humans; Mouth Mucosa; Stomatitis
PubMed: 35165057
DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2021.12.001 -
Cancer Investigation May 2023Cancer is currently a significant therapeutic challenge and is frequently connected with numerous adverse effects. Despite many improvements in chemotherapy, oral... (Review)
Review
Cancer is currently a significant therapeutic challenge and is frequently connected with numerous adverse effects. Despite many improvements in chemotherapy, oral complications are common, leading to poor quality of life and chemotherapeutic dose reduction, which impair survival. This review summarizes the most common dental complications in patients receiving chemotherapy. We mainly focus on oral mucositis as it is a major cause of dose-limiting toxicity. Furthermore, oral candidiasis, viral infections, and xerostomia will be discussed. Conclusions: preventing complications is significantly more important than treating them. All patients beginning systemic anticancer treatment should undergo a thorough oral examination and get appropriate prophylaxis.
Topics: Humans; Antineoplastic Agents; Quality of Life; Stomatitis; Neoplasms; Candidiasis, Oral
PubMed: 36892292
DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2023.2188558 -
Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral... May 2017Allergic contact stomatitis (ACS) is an oral mucosal immunoinflammatory disorder variably characterized clinically by erythematous plaques, vesiculation, ulceration,... (Review)
Review
Allergic contact stomatitis (ACS) is an oral mucosal immunoinflammatory disorder variably characterized clinically by erythematous plaques, vesiculation, ulceration, and/or hyperkeratosis and by pain, burning sensation, or itchiness. ACS is brought about by a T cell-mediated, delayed hypersensitivity immune reaction generated by a second or subsequent contact exposure of an allergen with the oral mucosa, in a genetically susceptible, sensitized subject. Lichenoid contact reaction is a variant of ACS brought about by direct contact with the oral mucosa of certain metals in dental restorations. The features of ACS are neither clinically nor histopathologically specific, so the diagnosis is usually presumptive and can only be confirmed by resolution of the inflammation after withdrawal or removal of the suspected causative allergen. When ACS is suspected but an allergen cannot be identified, patch testing is necessary. In persistent cases, topical corticosteroids are the treatment of choice, but for severe and extensive lesions, systemic corticosteroid and systemic antihistamines may be indicated. In this short review, we highlight the clinical, immunologic, and histopathological features of ACS, and provide some guidelines for diagnosis and management.
Topics: Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; Humans; Stomatitis
PubMed: 28407984
DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2017.02.007 -
Pflege 2017
Comparative Study Randomized Controlled Trial
Topics: Double-Blind Method; Humans; Mouthwashes; Oral Hygiene; Stem Cell Transplantation; Stomatitis
PubMed: 28976275
DOI: 10.1024/1012-5302/a000579 -
Journal of Dental Research Jul 2016Oral mucositis (OM) is among the most common, painful, and debilitating toxicities of cancer regimen-related treatment, resulting in the formation of ulcers, which are... (Review)
Review
Oral mucositis (OM) is among the most common, painful, and debilitating toxicities of cancer regimen-related treatment, resulting in the formation of ulcers, which are susceptible to increased colonization of microorganisms. Novel discoveries in OM have focused on understanding the host-microbial interactions, because current pathways have shown that major virulence factors from microorganisms have the potential to contribute to the development of OM and may even prolong the existence of already established ulcerations, affecting tissue healing. Additional comprehensive and disciplined clinical investigation is needed to carefully characterize the relationship between the clinical trajectory of OM, the local levels of inflammatory changes (both clinical and molecular), and the ebb and flow of the oral microbiota. Answering such questions will increase our knowledge of the mechanisms engaged by the oral immune system in response to mucositis, facilitating their translation into novel therapeutic approaches. In doing so, directed clinical strategies can be developed that specifically target those times and tissues that are most susceptible to intervention.
Topics: Host-Pathogen Interactions; Humans; Microbiota; Mouth; Stomatitis
PubMed: 27053118
DOI: 10.1177/0022034516641890 -
The Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and... Mar 2019To provide an up-to-date review of honey's effectiveness and potential applications in otorhinolaryngology. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
To provide an up-to-date review of honey's effectiveness and potential applications in otorhinolaryngology.
METHODS
A literature search of the online databases PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials was conducted.
RESULTS
Sixty-three studies were identified within head and neck surgery (n = 23, 36%); pediatric otolaryngology (n = 18, 29%); rhinology, sinus, and skull base surgery (n = 11, 17%); otology (n = 6, 10%), facial plastic and reconstructive surgery (n = 3, 5%); and laryngology (n = 2, 3%). Studies included 6 meta-analyses, 44 randomized control trials, 5 case reports, and 8 animal models or in vitro studies. Of 55 clinical studies, 50 reported Level 1 evidence (prospective randomized control trials), and 5 reported Level 4 evidence (case series). The evidence level by subspecialty was: head and neck surgery (Level 1 n = 23), pediatrics (Level 1 n = 18), rhinology (Level 1 n = 7, level 4 n = 1), otology (Level 1 n = 1, Level 4 n = 3), facial plastics and reconstructive surgery (Level 4 n = 1), and laryngology (Level 1 n = 2).
CONCLUSIONS
Honey can be used for a variety of otolaryngology conditions. The highest quality meta-analyses support oral honey for prevention and treatment of oral mucositis in cancer patients, cough associated with upper respiratory infection in children, and pain control after tonsillectomy. Further research will likely justify broader applications.
Topics: Animals; Apitherapy; Cough; Honey; Humans; Otitis; Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases; Pain, Postoperative; Rhinitis; Sinusitis; Stomatitis; Tonsillectomy; Wound Infection
PubMed: 30501505
DOI: 10.1177/0003489418815188 -
Cells Aug 2023Melatonin exerts various physiological effects through melatonin receptors and their ability to scavenge free radicals. Radiotherapy is a common treatment for head and...
Melatonin exerts various physiological effects through melatonin receptors and their ability to scavenge free radicals. Radiotherapy is a common treatment for head and neck tumors, but stomatitis, a side effect affecting irradiated oral mucosa, can impact treatment outcomes. This study investigated the preventive effect of melatonin, a potent free radical scavenger, on radiation-induced oral mucositis. Mice were irradiated with 15 Gy of X-ray radiation to the head and neck, and the oral mucosa was histologically compared between a melatonin-administered group and a control group. The results showed that radiation-induced oral mucositis was suppressed in mice administered melatonin before and after irradiation. It was suggested that the mechanism involved the inhibition of apoptosis and the inhibition of DNA damage. From these findings, we confirmed that melatonin has a protective effect against radiation-induced oral mucositis
Topics: Animals; Mice; Melatonin; Stomatitis; Mouth Mucosa; Head; Apoptosis
PubMed: 37681910
DOI: 10.3390/cells12172178