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Journal of Dental Research Jan 2017The aim of the present critical review is to summarize recent evidence on the prevalence of peri-implant diseases and their similarities and differences with periodontal... (Review)
Review
The aim of the present critical review is to summarize recent evidence on the prevalence of peri-implant diseases and their similarities and differences with periodontal diseases with a focus on their pathogenetic mechanisms. Reports on the extent and severity of peri-implant diseases are influenced by different case definitions. The prevalence of peri-implant diseases is reported at the subject or implant level and affected by the type of population samples analyzed (e.g., randomly selected population samples or convenience samples). The outcomes of studies on animals and humans indicate that experimental biofilm accumulation leads to a higher frequency of bleeding sites around implants as compared with teeth. Despite the proof of principle that experimentally induced mucositis may be reversible, early diagnosis and management of naturally occurring peri-implant mucositis are clinically relevant. Tissue destruction at experimental peri-implantitis sites is faster and more extensive when compared with that at experimental periodontitis sites. Although human periodontitis and peri-implantitis lesions share similarities with respect to etiology and clinical features, they represent distinct entities from a histopathologic point of view. To avoid implant loss, patients diagnosed with peri-implantitis should be treated without delay.
Topics: Animals; Dental Implants; Gingivitis; Humans; Peri-Implantitis; Periodontal Diseases; Prevalence; Stomatitis
PubMed: 27680028
DOI: 10.1177/0022034516667484 -
JAMA Dermatology Mar 2020
Topics: Adult; Crohn Disease; Humans; Lip; Male; Mouth Mucosa; Nasal Mucosa; Pyoderma; Stomatitis
PubMed: 31851285
DOI: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2019.3515 -
Journal of the National Cancer... Aug 2019Characterization of the role of oral microbiome in cancer therapy-induced oral mucositis (CTOM) is critical in preventing the clinically deleterious effects on patients'... (Review)
Review
Characterization of the role of oral microbiome in cancer therapy-induced oral mucositis (CTOM) is critical in preventing the clinically deleterious effects on patients' health that are associated with CTOM. Funding initiatives related to the National Institutes of Health human microbiome project have resulted in groundbreaking advancements in biology and medicine during the last decade. These advancements have shown that a human being is in fact a superorganism made of human cells and associated symbiotic or commensal microbiota. In this review, we describe the state of science as it relates to fundamental knowledge on oral microbiome and its role in CTOM. We also discuss how state-of-the-art technologies and systems biology tools may be used to help tackle the difficult challenges ahead to develop effective treatments or preventive therapies for oral mucositis. We make a clear distinction between disease processes pertaining to the oral microbiome, which includes opportunistic pathogens that may be defined as pathobionts, and those infectious disease processes initiated by exogenous pathogens. We also explored the extent to which knowledge from the gastrointestinal tract in disease and intestinal mucositis could help us better understand CTOM pathobiology. Finally, we propose a model in which the oral microbiome participates in the current five-step CTOM pathobiology model. With the advent of more sophisticated metagenomics technologies and methods of analysis, much hope lies ahead to implement an effective holistic approach to treat cancer patients affected by CTOM.
Topics: Disease Susceptibility; Humans; Intestinal Mucosa; Metagenome; Metagenomics; Microbiota; Mouth Mucosa; Neoplasms; Stomatitis; Systems Biology
PubMed: 31425594
DOI: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgz002 -
Protein & Cell Mar 2015Oral mucositis, a severe oral ulceration, is a common toxic effect of radio- or chemoradio-therapy and a limiting factor to using the maximum dose of radiation for... (Review)
Review
Oral mucositis, a severe oral ulceration, is a common toxic effect of radio- or chemoradio-therapy and a limiting factor to using the maximum dose of radiation for effective cancer treatment. Among cancer patients, at least 40% and up to 70%, of individuals treated with standard chemotherapy regimens or upper-body radiation, develop oral mucositis. To date, there is no FDA approved drug to treat oral mucositis in cancer patients. The key challenges for oral mucositis treatment are to repair and protect ulcerated oral mucosa without promoting cancer cell growth. Oral mucositis is the result of complex, multifaceted pathobiology, involving a series of signaling pathways and a chain of interactions between the epithelium and submucosa. Among those pathways and interactions, the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is critical to the inflammation process of oral mucositis. We recently found that activation of TGFβ (transforming growth factor β) signaling is associated with the development of oral mucositis. Smad7, the negative regulator of TGFβ signaling, inhibits both NF-κB and TGFβ activation and thus plays a pivotal role in the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis by attenuating growth inhibition, apoptosis, and inflammation while promoting epithelial migration. The major objective of this review is to evaluate the known functions of Smad7, with a particular focus on its molecular mechanisms and its function in blocking multiple pathological processes in oral mucositis.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Mouth Diseases; Smad7 Protein; Stomatitis
PubMed: 25566830
DOI: 10.1007/s13238-014-0130-4 -
Journal of Prosthodontics : Official... Jun 2016Denture stomatitis is a common inflammatory condition affecting the mucosa underlying complete dentures. It is associated with denture microbial biofilm, poor denture... (Review)
Review
Denture stomatitis is a common inflammatory condition affecting the mucosa underlying complete dentures. It is associated with denture microbial biofilm, poor denture hygiene, poor denture quality, and nocturnal denture use. Numerous treatment methodologies have been used to treat stomatitis; however, a gold standard treatment has not been identified. The aim of this systematic review is to report on the current knowledge available in studies representing a range of evidence on the treatment of denture stomatitis.
Topics: Denture, Complete; Humans; Oral Hygiene; Stomatitis; Stomatitis, Denture
PubMed: 27062660
DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12454 -
Dental Update Mar 2015The use of dental implants in replacing missing teeth is proven to be a valid treatment with a high success rate. To achieve the best treatment outcome in all implant... (Review)
Review
The use of dental implants in replacing missing teeth is proven to be a valid treatment with a high success rate. To achieve the best treatment outcome in all implant systems, the implant has to be able to integrate with the surrounding tissue. However, dental implants are affected by peri-implant diseases and may fail as a result. As the number of implants placed continues to increase, the prevalence of peri-implant disease will also increase. This requires preventive measures to inhibit the development of the disease and stop its progression. Clinical Relevance: Understanding how to maintain healthy peri-implant tissue as well as diagnosis and treatment of disease are vital for every dentist and dental student.
Topics: Dental Implants; Humans; Osseointegration; Peri-Implantitis; Stomatitis; Survival Analysis
PubMed: 26058231
DOI: 10.12968/denu.2015.42.2.166 -
Wiadomosci Lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland :... 2022The aim: To make a narrative assessment of the agents currently in use, with a particular emphasis on the topical agents that we frequently utilize in our practice. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
The aim: To make a narrative assessment of the agents currently in use, with a particular emphasis on the topical agents that we frequently utilize in our practice.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
Materials and methods: The main method of this work is a review of literary sources. We reviewed the literature (PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus) to support and explain the interventions we use in different cases of oral mucositis patients. We decided to combine our experience with evidence-based data.
CONCLUSION
Conclusions: Topical treatments alleviate and prevent oral mucositis. Topical medicines can assist maintain oral balance and moistness by modulating oral bacteria and replacing saliva.
Topics: Humans; Neoplasms; Stomatitis; Antineoplastic Agents
PubMed: 36256939
DOI: 10.36740/WLek202209113 -
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics... May 2023Although acute immune-mediated lesions of the oral cavity (AIML) can have an onset over several months, they often demonstrate rapid onset and can be self-limited.... (Review)
Review
Although acute immune-mediated lesions of the oral cavity (AIML) can have an onset over several months, they often demonstrate rapid onset and can be self-limited. Despite the self-limiting nature of some disorders, patients with AIML can have significant pain and multisystem involvement. It is vital for the oral health care provider to arrive at the proper diagnosis with distinction from overlapping conditions, as the oral manifestations may be harbingers of more serious systemic complications.
Topics: Humans; Stomatitis, Aphthous
PubMed: 37019507
DOI: 10.1016/j.coms.2022.10.007 -
Medical Oncology (Northwood, London,... Apr 2023The superiority of oral cryotherapy (OC) for prevention of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis (OM) has been demonstrated in several trials. In clinical settings,... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
The superiority of oral cryotherapy (OC) for prevention of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis (OM) has been demonstrated in several trials. In clinical settings, cooling is usually initiated prior to the chemotherapy infusion. It then continues during the infusion, and for a period after the infusion has been completed. While the cooling period post-infusion depends on the half-life of the chemotherapeutic drug, there is no consensus on when cooling should be initiated prior to the infusion. The lowest achieved temperature in the oral mucosa is believed to provide the best condition for OM prevention. Given this, it was of interest to investigate when along the course of intraoral cooling this temperature is achieved. In total, 20 healthy volunteers participated in this randomized crossover trial. Each subject attended three separate cooling sessions of 30 min each, with ice chips (IC) and the intraoral cooling device (ICD) set to 8 and 15 °C, respectively. At baseline and following 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 min of cooling, intraoral temperatures were registered using a thermographic camera. The greatest drop in intraoral temperature was seen after 5 min of cooling with IC, ICD and ICD, respectively. A statistically significant difference, corresponding to 1.4 °C, was seen between IC and the ICD (p < 0.05). The intraoral temperature further declined throughout the 30 min of cooling, showing an additional temperature reduction of 3.1, 2.2, and 1.7 °C for IC, ICD and ICD, respectively.
Topics: Humans; Temperature; Cryotherapy; Stomatitis; Mouth Mucosa
PubMed: 37058178
DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-01989-9 -
Supportive Care in Cancer : Official... Oct 2019Mucositis research and treatment are a rapidly evolving field providing constant new avenues of research and potential therapies. The MASCC/ISOO Mucositis Study Group... (Review)
Review
Mucositis research and treatment are a rapidly evolving field providing constant new avenues of research and potential therapies. The MASCC/ISOO Mucositis Study Group regularly assesses available literature relating to pathogenesis, mechanisms, and novel therapeutic approaches and distils this to summary perspectives and recommendations. Reviewers assessed 164 articles published between January 2011 and June 2016 to identify progress made since the last review and highlight new targets for further investigation. Findings were organized into sections including established and emerging mediators of toxicity, potential insights from technological advances in mucositis research, and perspective. Research momentum is accelerating for mucositis pathogenesis, and with this has come utilization of new models and interventions that target specific mechanisms of injury. Technological advances have the potential to revolutionize the field of mucositis research, although focused effort is needed to move rationally targeted interventions to the clinical setting.
Topics: Humans; Mucositis; Neoplasms; Stomatitis
PubMed: 31286231
DOI: 10.1007/s00520-019-04893-z