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Acupuncture for neurogenesis in experimental ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific Reports Jan 2016Acupuncture has been used for patients with stroke and post-stroke rehabilitation for thousands of years. Previous studies reported that acupuncture enhanced stroke... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Acupuncture has been used for patients with stroke and post-stroke rehabilitation for thousands of years. Previous studies reported that acupuncture enhanced stroke recovery through neurogenesis. Hence, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis for preclinical studies to assess the current evidence for acupuncture effect on neurogenesis in treating ischaemic stroke. Studies were obtained from six databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP information database, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Ultimately, 34 studies containing 1617 animals were identified. Neurogenesis markers of Brdu, Nestin, PSA-NCAM, NeuN and GFAP were selected as major outcomes. The pooled results of 15 studies marked with Brdu showed significant effects of acupuncture for improving proliferation when compared with control groups (P < 0.01); 13 studies marked with Nestin showed significant effects of acupuncture for increasing proliferation when compared with control groups (P < 0.01); 4 studies marked with PSA-NCAM showed significant effects of acupuncture for enhancing migration when compared with control groups (P < 0.01); 4 studies marked with NeuN showed significant effects of acupuncture for stimulating differentiation when compared with control groups (P < 0.01). The findings suggest that acupuncture is a prospective therapy targeting neurogenesis for ischemic stroke.
Topics: Acupuncture; Acupuncture Therapy; Animals; Biomarkers; Brain; Cell Differentiation; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Neurogenesis; Publication Bias; Stroke; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 26786869
DOI: 10.1038/srep19521 -
International Journal of Environmental... Apr 2021Current lifestyles are marked by sedentary behaviour; thus, it is of great importance for policymaking to have valid and reliable tools to measure sedentary behaviour in... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Current lifestyles are marked by sedentary behaviour; thus, it is of great importance for policymaking to have valid and reliable tools to measure sedentary behaviour in order to combat it. Therefore, the aim of this review and meta-analysis is to critically review, assess, and compile the reliability, criterion validity, and construct validity of the single-item sedentary behaviour questions within national language versions of most commonly used international physical activity questionnaires for adults in the European Union: The International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form and the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. A total of 1749 records were screened, 287 full-text papers were read, and 14 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The results and quality of studies were evaluated by the Quality Assessment of Physical Activity Questionnaires checklist. Meta-analysis indicated moderate to high reliability (r = 0.59) and concurrent validity (r = 0.55) of national language versions of single-item sedentary behaviour questions. Criterion validity was rather low (r = 0.23) but in concordance with previous studies. The risk of bias analysis highlighted the poor reporting of methods and results, with a total bias score of 0.42. Thus, we recommend using multi-item SB questionnaires and smart trackers for providing information on SB rather than single-item sedentary behaviour questions in physical activity questionnaires.
Topics: European Union; Exercise; Reproducibility of Results; Sedentary Behavior; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 33926123
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094602 -
Bulletin of the World Health... Jun 2023To investigate the effect of kangaroo mother care for low-birth-weight and preterm infants on parents' mental and physical health. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effect of kangaroo mother care for low-birth-weight and preterm infants on parents' mental and physical health.
METHODS
The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Register of Studies Online, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and EMBASE databases were searched on 16 January 2023 for randomized and quasi-randomized trials on kangaroo mother care. Records identified were screened independently by two reviewers. Pooled relative risks (RRs) are reported for categorical variables, and standardized mean differences (SMDs) or mean differences are reported for continuous variables. Evidence quality was assessed using the GRADE approach.
FINDINGS
The search identified 30 studies involving 7719 preterm or low-birth-weight infants. There was high-certainty evidence that kangaroo mother care substantially reduced the risk of moderate-to-severe postpartum maternal depressive symptoms compared with no kangaroo mother care (RR: 0.76; 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.59 to 0.96). In addition, there was low-certainty evidence that kangaroo mother care reduced scores for maternal stress (SMD: -0.82; 95% CI: -1.32 to -0.32) and anxiety (SMD: -0.62; 95% CI: -1.01 to -0.23) and increased mother-infant attachment and bonding scores (SMD: 1.19; 95% CI: 0.27 to 2.10). Limited evidence indicated father-infant interactions may be improved, though no marked effect on paternal depression or stress was observed. No trial reported parental physical health outcomes.
CONCLUSION
Kangaroo mother care for preterm and low-birth-weight infants was associated with less postpartum maternal depression, stress and anxiety and better mother-infant attachment and bonding. More research is required to evaluate effects on paternal health.
Topics: Infant, Newborn; Humans; Female; Child; Male; Mothers; Infant, Premature; Kangaroo-Mother Care Method; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Fathers
PubMed: 37265678
DOI: 10.2471/BLT.22.288977 -
Journal of Vascular Surgery Sep 2018The aim of this review was to provide an up-to-date summarization of available Food and Drug Administration-approved vascular closure devices (VCDs) and to analyze... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this review was to provide an up-to-date summarization of available Food and Drug Administration-approved vascular closure devices (VCDs) and to analyze current evidence comparing individual devices with one another and with manual compression (MC). The review includes indications for use, advantages and disadvantages, safety and efficacy, and outcomes.
METHODS
A review of literature available on VCDs was conducted using PubMed and MEDLINE. Only clinical trials published within the last 10 years evaluating the efficacy of different VCDs with access obtained through common femoral artery or vein were included. All literature included in this review was published in English and used human participants.
RESULTS
The search strategy yielded 34 relevant articles. These studies included procedures ranging from diagnostic catheterizations to percutaneous endovascular aneurysm repair. There is considerable heterogeneity in the studies, with a wide variety of definitions and different outcome measures. The review demonstrated that VCDs provided improvement in the patients' comfort and satisfaction as well as in the time to hemostasis and ambulation. Most studies are underpowered to show differences, but even after meta-analysis or Cochrane review, complication rates as well as safety and efficacy between devices and MC remained comparable.
CONCLUSIONS
VCDs have shown marked improvement in patients' comfort and satisfaction as well as in time to hemostasis and ambulation after percutaneous vascular procedures. According to multiple small randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and a Cochrane review, complication rates, safety and efficacy, and outcomes remain comparable between VCDs and MC (12% for VCDs vs 13% for MC). VCDs have a low incidence of major complications and high success rates, which provides convenience for the practitioner and facilitates turnover of patients. VCDs have a risk of infectious (0.6% with VCDs vs 0.2% with MC) and thrombotic complications (0.3% with VCDs vs none with MC) that is small but may be increased compared with MC. It is important to balance the goals of comfort of the patient, resources of the staff, and early ambulation against periprocedural and anatomic risk factors (ie, individualize use of VCDs to specific clinical scenarios). Users must be familiar with a device and its limitations to safely and effectively achieve hemostasis after femoral artery puncture.
Topics: Femoral Artery; Humans; Punctures; Vascular Closure Devices; Vascular Surgical Procedures
PubMed: 30146036
DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2018.05.019 -
International Journal of Epidemiology Apr 2019Globally, access to healthcare and diagnostic technologies are known to substantially impact the reported birth prevalence of congenital heart disease (CHD). Previous... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Globally, access to healthcare and diagnostic technologies are known to substantially impact the reported birth prevalence of congenital heart disease (CHD). Previous studies have shown marked heterogeneity between different regions, with a suggestion that CHD prevalence is rising globally, but the degree to which this reflects differences due to environmental or genetic risk factors, as opposed to improved detection, is uncertain. We performed an updated systematic review to address these issues.
METHODS
Studies reporting the birth prevalence of CHD between the years 1970-2017 were identified from searches of PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Google Scholar. Data on the prevalence of total CHD and 27 anatomical subtypes of CHD were collected. Data were combined using random-effect models. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were conducted, focused on geographical regions and levels of national income.
RESULTS
Two hundred and sixty studies met the inclusion criteria, encompassing 130 758 851 live births. The birth prevalence of CHD from 1970-2017 progressively increased to a maximum in the period 2010-17 of 9.410/1000 [95% CI (confidence interval) 8.602-10.253]. This represented a significant increase over the fifteen prior years (P = 0.031). The change in prevalence of mild CHD lesions (ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus) together explained 93.4% of the increased overall prevalence, consistent with a major role of improved postnatal detection of less severe lesions. In contrast the prevalence of lesions grouped together as left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (which includes hypoplastic left heart syndrome) decreased from 0.689/1000 (95% CI 0.607-0.776) in 1995-99, to 0.475/1000 (95% CI 0.392-0.565; P = 0.004) in 2010-17, which would be consistent with improved prenatal detection and consequent termination of pregnancy when these very severe lesions are discovered. There was marked heterogeneity among geographical regions, with Africa reporting the lowest prevalence [2.315/1000 (95% CI 0.429-5.696)] and Asia the highest [9.342/1000 (95% CI 8.072-10.704)].
CONCLUSIONS
The reported prevalence of CHD globally continues to increase, with evidence of severe unmet diagnostic need in Africa. The recent prevalence of CHD in Asia for the first time appears higher than in Europe and America, where disease ascertainment is likely to be near-complete, suggesting higher genetic or environmental susceptibility to CHD among Asian people.
Topics: Confidence Intervals; Global Health; Heart Defects, Congenital; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Prevalence
PubMed: 30783674
DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyz009 -
Blood Advances Jun 2019The terminology applied to autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) seems inconsistent. We aimed to evaluate the consistency of definitions used for diagnosis and treatment.... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
The terminology applied to autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) seems inconsistent. We aimed to evaluate the consistency of definitions used for diagnosis and treatment. In this systematic review of literature from January 2006 to December 2015, we assessed heterogeneity in the definition of AIHA and its subtypes, refractory disease, disease phase, severity, criteria for treatment response, and response durability. A Medline search for anemia, hemolytic, autoimmune was supplemented with keyword searches. Main exclusions were conference abstracts, animal and non-English studies, and studies with <10 cases. Of 1371 articles retrieved, 1209 were excluded based on titles and abstracts. Two authors independently reviewed 10% and 16% of abstracts and full papers, respectively. After full-paper review, 84 studies were included. AIHA was most frequently (32 [52%] of 61) defined as hemolytic anemia with positive direct antiglobulin test (DAT) and exclusion of alternatives, but 10 of 32 also recognized DAT-negative AIHA. A lower threshold for diagnosis of DAT-negative AIHA was observed in literature on chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Definitions of anemia, hemolysis, and exclusion criteria showed substantial variation. Definitions of primary/secondary cold agglutinin disease/syndrome were not consistent. Forty-three studies provided criteria for treatment response, and other than studies from 1 center, these were almost entirely unique. Other criteria were rarely defined. Only 7, 0, 3, 2, 2, and 3 studies offered definitions of warm AIHA, paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria, mixed AIHA, AIHA severity, disease phase, and refractory AIHA, respectively. Marked heterogeneity in the time period sampled indicates the need to standardize AIHA terminology.
Topics: Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune; Coombs Test; Erythrocytes; Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal; Hemolysis; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Publications; Severity of Illness Index; Terminology as Topic
PubMed: 31235526
DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019000036 -
The British Journal of Ophthalmology Jul 2016The aim of this review was to quantify the global variation in childhood myopia prevalence over time taking account of demographic and study design factors. A systematic... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Global variations and time trends in the prevalence of childhood myopia, a systematic review and quantitative meta-analysis: implications for aetiology and early prevention.
The aim of this review was to quantify the global variation in childhood myopia prevalence over time taking account of demographic and study design factors. A systematic review identified population-based surveys with estimates of childhood myopia prevalence published by February 2015. Multilevel binomial logistic regression of log odds of myopia was used to examine the association with age, gender, urban versus rural setting and survey year, among populations of different ethnic origins, adjusting for study design factors. 143 published articles (42 countries, 374 349 subjects aged 1-18 years, 74 847 myopia cases) were included. Increase in myopia prevalence with age varied by ethnicity. East Asians showed the highest prevalence, reaching 69% (95% credible intervals (CrI) 61% to 77%) at 15 years of age (86% among Singaporean-Chinese). Blacks in Africa had the lowest prevalence; 5.5% at 15 years (95% CrI 3% to 9%). Time trends in myopia prevalence over the last decade were small in whites, increased by 23% in East Asians, with a weaker increase among South Asians. Children from urban environments have 2.6 times the odds of myopia compared with those from rural environments. In whites and East Asians sex differences emerge at about 9 years of age; by late adolescence girls are twice as likely as boys to be myopic. Marked ethnic differences in age-specific prevalence of myopia exist. Rapid increases in myopia prevalence over time, particularly in East Asians, combined with a universally higher risk of myopia in urban settings, suggest that environmental factors play an important role in myopia development, which may offer scope for prevention.
Topics: Child; Ethnicity; Female; Global Health; Humans; Male; Myopia; Prevalence; Rural Population; Surveys and Questionnaires; Time Factors
PubMed: 26802174
DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2015-307724 -
Advances in Clinical and Experimental... Apr 2020In 2016 heart failure (HF) affected between 600,000 and 700,000 people in Poland being one of the most common causes of hospitalization and death. Health education is an... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
In 2016 heart failure (HF) affected between 600,000 and 700,000 people in Poland being one of the most common causes of hospitalization and death. Health education is an elements of patient treatment aimed at improving the level of self-care and adherence to the treatment recommendations.
OBJECTIVES
To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the available literature in order to determine the role of health education in HF treatment and its impact on outcomes in patients with chronic HF.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A search was performed in the MEDLINE, PubMed and Scopus databases from January 2010 to January 2019 for the impact of health education on treatment outcomes in HF patients.
RESULTS
A total of 16 studies from 12 countries on 5 continents were analyzed. The meta-analysis focused on the impact of education on outcomes in 944 study group patients. We found that the overall impact of education on outcomes was positive (+1 standard deviation (SD); 95% confidence interval (95% CI) >0). After education was provided, the target patients improved in terms of self-care (mean change (MC) = 13.49; p = 0.003; I² = 99.47%). Self-care also improved in the controls, but the improvement was less marked (MC = 9.56; p = 0.001; I² = 98.33%). No impact of education on quality of life (QoL) was confirmed (95% CI = 0).
CONCLUSIONS
The greatest benefit of education is seen in terms of adherence to pharmaceutical treatment and self-care, while QoL was not associated with education.
Topics: Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Health Literacy; Heart Failure; Humans; Patient Education as Topic; Poland; Quality of Life; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 32348037
DOI: 10.17219/acem/115079 -
Deutsches Arzteblatt International Jan 2022Involvement of the temporomandibular joint can be shown in 40-90% of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), although it is often...
BACKGROUND
Involvement of the temporomandibular joint can be shown in 40-90% of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), although it is often asymptomatic. Restricted jaw mobility and jaw pain can be found in approximately 20% of patients with JIA (prevalence: 70 per 100 000 persons). Early diagnosis and treatment of the underlying disease are essential for a good outcome, but uniform, consensus-based management is still lacking.
METHODS
The clinical practice guideline is based on the findings of a systematic literature review in multiple databases and a Delphi procedure to obtain consensus on the recommendations.
RESULTS
Most of the identified studies were retrospective. Patients with JIA should undergo clinical screening with a structured examination protocol once per year in childhood and adolescence, and thereafter as well if the temporomandibular joint is involved. The diagnosis of chronic rheumatoid arthritis of the temporomandibular joint is established with contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Conservative treatment (antirheumatic basal therapy, local measures) is unsuccessful in less than 10% of patients. In such cases, arthroscopy and arthrocentesis can be used for temporary symptom relief and functional improvement. Intra-articular corticosteroid injections should be given only once, and only in otherwise intractable cases. In severe cases where all other options have been exhausted (<1%), open surgical treatment can be considered, including alloplastic joint replacement.
CONCLUSION
Oligosymptomatic and asymptomatic cases are common even with radiologic evidence of marked joint damage. The possibility of rheumatic involvement of the temporomandibular joint must be kept in mind so that serious complications can be avoided. Regular clinical evaluation of the temporomandibular joint is recommended, particularly for patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
Topics: Adolescent; Arthritis, Juvenile; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Retrospective Studies; Temporomandibular Joint; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
PubMed: 34874262
DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.m2021.0388 -
Frontiers in Nutrition 2021The modified Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet was a potentially effective treatment for pre-hypertensive and hypertensive patients. The evidence for...
The modified Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet was a potentially effective treatment for pre-hypertensive and hypertensive patients. The evidence for the effect of the modified DASH diet on blood pressure reduction was inconsistent. The study was designed to assess the effects of the modified DASH diet on blood pressure (BP) in hypertensive and pre-hypertensive adults. We searched Medline, Embase, CENTRAL, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang Data, SINOMED, Google Scholar, the World Health Organization's International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and Clinicaltrials.gov from inception to July 1st, 2021. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effects of the modified DASH diet on systolic and diastolic BP, cardiovascular risk factors (body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, fasting glucose, blood lipids), cardiovascular events, and all-cause mortality were included. Statistical analysis was performed using Stata software. Risk of bias was assessed with the Cochrane tool and quality of evidence with GRADE. A total of 10 RCTs were included. Compared with control diet, the modified DASH diet could reduce mean systolic (-3.26 mmHg; 95% confidence interval -5.58, -0.94 mmHg; = 0.006) and diastolic (-2.07 mmHg; 95% confidence interval -3.68, -0.46 mmHg; = 0.01) BP. Compared with the controlling diet, the modified DASH diet could reduce systolic BP to a greater extent in trials with a mean baseline BP ≥ 140/90 mmHg compared with <140/90 mmHg. Diastolic BP reduction was greater when the mean body mass index was ≥30 kg/m2 than <30 kg/m. Diastolic BP reduction was more marked in trials with a follow-up time of >8 weeks compared with ≤8 weeks. The modified DASH diet could affect mean waist circumference (difference: 1.57 cm; 95% confidence interval -2.98, -0.15) and triglyceride concentration (difference: 1.04 mol/L; 95% confidence interval -1.47, -0.60). The modified DASH diet can reduce BP, waist circumference, and triglyceride concentration in hypertension patients. A higher baseline BP is associated with more marked systolic and diastolic BP reduction. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020190860.
PubMed: 34557511
DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.725020