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Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease Jan 2021The aim of the study was to examine whether high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) was more closely associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) same-genotype...
OBJECTIVE
The aim of the study was to examine whether high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) was more closely associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) same-genotype persistence (SGTP) versus clearance of prior infection with a subsequent infection by a new genotype (genotype switch [GS]), clearance of HPV infection, or acquisition of a new HPV infection after a negative infection status, during a follow-up testing subsequent to abnormal screening results.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Health Technology Assessment, and clinicaltrials.gov were searched from January 2000 to July 2019 for prospective controlled trials and observational studies of women and retrospective studies using HPV assays with extended- or full-genotype reporting. The primary outcome was high-grade CIN after at least 2 rounds of testing. Overall quality of evidence for the risk estimate outcomes was assessed. Of the 830 identified abstracts, 66 full-text articles were reviewed, and 7 studies were included in the synthesis. The study protocol was registered with the PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42018091093).
RESULTS
Continued HPV-positive women falls in 2 equally large groups: SGTP and GS. Sensitivity, positive predictive value, and positive likelihood ratio of SGTP were significantly higher than for GS. Human papillomavirus genotypes may be ranked into 3 tiers (immediate colposcopy, follow-up testing, return to routine screening), according to associated risk of persistence for high-grade CIN and to prevailing clinical action thresholds.
CONCLUSIONS
There is moderately high-quality evidence to support the clinical utility of SGTP to improve risk discrimination for high-grade CIN compared with qualitative HPV testing without genotype-specific information.
Topics: Adult; Colposcopy; Early Detection of Cancer; Female; Genotype; Humans; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Middle Aged; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections; Risk Factors; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Young Adult; Uterine Cervical Dysplasia
PubMed: 33105450
DOI: 10.1097/LGT.0000000000000573 -
JCO Global Oncology Mar 2024Head and neck cancer accounts for about one third of the global burden in India. Mucosal high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) has been hypothesized as a contributory... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
PURPOSE
Head and neck cancer accounts for about one third of the global burden in India. Mucosal high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) has been hypothesized as a contributory risk factor for head and neck cancer (HNC) but its prevalence in Indian patients is not well established. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence of HPV in HNC in India and their attributable fraction by considering the biomarkers of carcinogenesis, p16, and HPV mRNA.
METHODS
A systematic literature search was done in Medline via PubMed, Embase, Scopus, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, and Cochrane to identify studies on HPV and HNC in the Indian population, published between January 1990 and October 2022. Fifty-four eligible studies were identified and relevant clinical information was collected. Meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence of HPV DNA, p16INK4a, and mRNA percent positivity by random-effect logistic regression model using Metapreg, STATA 18.
RESULTS
Thirty-four high-quality studies were taken for meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of HPV in HNC was 20% (95% CI, 12 to 32) with a high level of heterogeneity ( = 90.79%). The proportion of HPV in oropharyngeal cancer (OPC; 22% [95% CI, 13 to 34]) and laryngeal cancer (LC; 29% [95% CI, 17 to 46]) was higher than in oral cancer (OC; 16% [95% CI, 8 to 30]). The HPV-attributable fraction of OPC, considering the mRNA and p16 positivity, was 12.54% and 9.68%, respectively, almost similar to LC (11.6% and 9.57%), while it was much lower in OC (3.36% and 4%).
CONCLUSION
The HPV-attributable fraction is considerably lower for OC, suggesting a negligible causative role of HPV in OC. A significant proportion of OPC and LC are attributed to HPV; however, their exact causative role is unclear because of the presence of other known risk factors.
Topics: Humans; Human Papillomavirus Viruses; Papillomavirus Infections; DNA, Viral; Head and Neck Neoplasms; India; RNA, Messenger
PubMed: 38513185
DOI: 10.1200/GO.23.00464 -
Asian Journal of Andrology 2017Male circumcision (MC) is reported to reduce human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence in men. However, the efficacy remains imprecise. The aim of this study was to conduct... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Male circumcision (MC) is reported to reduce human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence in men. However, the efficacy remains imprecise. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the relationship between MC and genital HPV infection and genital warts. PUBMED, EMBASE, and Web of Science were searched from inception to March 22, 2015. We identified 30 papers, including a total of 12149 circumcised and 12252 uncircumcised men who were evaluated for the association of circumcision with genital HPV or genital warts. Compared with men who were not circumcised, circumcised men may have had significantly reduced odds of genital HPV prevalence (odds ratio [OR]: 0.68; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.56-0.82). There was no significant association between MC and genital HPV acquisition of new infections (OR: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.62-1.60), genital HPV clearance (OR: 1.38; 95% CI: 0.96-1.97), and prevalence of genital warts (OR: 1.17; 95% CI: 0.63-2.17). This meta-analysis suggests that circumcision reduces the prevalence of genital HPV infections. However, no clear evidence was found that circumcision was associated with decreased HPV acquisition, increased HPV clearance, or decreased the prevalence of genital warts. More studies are required to evaluate adequately the effect of MC on the acquisition and clearance of HPV infections and prevalence of genital warts.
Topics: Circumcision, Male; Condylomata Acuminata; Humans; Male; Odds Ratio; Papillomavirus Infections; Prevalence; Protective Factors; Reproductive Tract Infections
PubMed: 26975489
DOI: 10.4103/1008-682X.175092 -
Cancer Reports (Hoboken, N.J.) Aug 2021Lung cancer has emerged as a global public health problem and is the most common cause of cancer deaths by absolute cases globally. Besides tobacco, smoke infectious... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Lung cancer has emerged as a global public health problem and is the most common cause of cancer deaths by absolute cases globally. Besides tobacco, smoke infectious diseases such as human papillomavirus (HPV) might be involved in the pathogenesis of lung cancer. However, data are inconsistent due to differences in study design and HPV detection methods.
AIM
A systematic meta-analysis was performed to examine the presence of HPV-infection with lung cancer.
METHODS AND RESULTS
All studies in all languages were considered for the search concepts "lung cancer" and "HPV" if data specific to HPV prevalence in lung cancer tissue were given. This included Journal articles as well as abstracts and conference reports. As detection method, only HPV PCR results from fresh frozen and paraffin-embedded tissue were included. Five bibliographic databases and three registers of clinical trials including MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched through February 2020. A total 4298 publications were identified, and 78 publications were selected, resulting in 9385 included lung cancer patients. A meta-analysis of 15 case-control studies with n = 2504 patients showed a weighted overall prevalence difference of 22% (95% CI: 12%-33%; P < .001) and a weighted overall 4.7-fold (95% CI: 2.7-8.4; P < .001) increase of HPV prevalence in lung cancer patients compared to controls. Overall, HPV prevalence amounted to 13.5% being highest in Asia (16.6%), followed by America (12.8%), and Europe (7.0%). A higher HPV prevalence was found in squamous cell carcinoma (17.9%) compared to adenocarcinoma (P < .01) with significant differences in geographic patterns. HPV genotypes 16 and 18 were the most prevalent high-risk genotypes identified.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, our review provides convincing evidence that HPV infection increases the risk of developing lung cancer.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma of Lung; Alphapapillomavirus; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Case-Control Studies; Humans; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Papillomavirus Infections; Prevalence
PubMed: 33624444
DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1350 -
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2022As the human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are detected in healthy oral mucosa as well as in oral lesions, dental practitioners have an important role in detecting any... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
As the human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are detected in healthy oral mucosa as well as in oral lesions, dental practitioners have an important role in detecting any possible lesions that might be caused by this virus. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the outcomes of orthodontic treatments and HPV infections and to report a rare case of ongoing orthodontic treatment superposed on an HPV infection.
METHODS
An electronic English literature research of the articles published between the years 2011-2021 was conducted between December 2021-February 2022, accessing PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The terms "HPV", "orthodontics", "orthodontic treatment", "tooth movement", "tooth mobility", and "malocclusion" were searched. The following inclusion criteria were pursued: articles published in English language; studies reporting HPV infection in subjects with past or ongoing orthodontic treatment; and case reports of subjects with HPV and orthodontic treatment. Exclusion criteria were: articles in languages other than English, studies related to malignancies other than HPV and orthodontic treatment; and studies reporting patients with HPV and no orthodontic treatment.
RESULTS
Following the systematic review, which includes six papers, a case of orthodontic treatment superposed on a HPV infection is presented.
CONCLUSION
Incumbent, postponed HPV infection on an ongoing orthodontic treatment might affect treatment outcome and patient compliance.
PubMed: 35455802
DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10040624 -
Journal of the Turkish German... Sep 2020Accumulating evidence indicates the potential correlation between the vaginal microbioma and the acquisition and persistence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection....
Accumulating evidence indicates the potential correlation between the vaginal microbioma and the acquisition and persistence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. This study aims to demonstrate the potential relationship through a systematic review of the current literature. A search was conducted on the following medical databases: PubMed and Scopus. Nineteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were incorporated in the present review. A total of 12.204 patients and their demographic characteristics were studied. Commercially available DNA tests and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used for the detection of different HPV subtypes, while the identification of the microbiomes was performed through specific diagnostic methods and PCR assay. The most frequently encountered species were classified based on their protective or detrimental impact on the progression of HPV infection. The beneficial role of some types of is generally supported. On the other hand, high microbial diversity and specific microorganisms such as and were found to be implicated with higher frequency and severity of disease, potentially resulting in pre-cancerous and cancerous cervical lesions.The role of vaginal microbiota appears to play an as yet not fully understood role in the susceptibility to HPV infection and its natural history.
PubMed: 31564082
DOI: 10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2019.2019.0051 -
JMIR Public Health and Surveillance Apr 2022Despite the high risks associated with human papillomavirus (HPV), the HPV vaccination rate of men is far lower than women. Most previous review studies have focused on... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Despite the high risks associated with human papillomavirus (HPV), the HPV vaccination rate of men is far lower than women. Most previous review studies have focused on female vaccination and related affecting factors. However, previous studies have reported that the factors affecting HPV vaccination differ by gender.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this review was to identify the factors affecting HPV vaccine initiation in men through a systematic review approach.
METHODS
A literature review was conducted across 3 central electronic databases for relevant articles. A total of 30 articles published between 2013 and 2019 met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed in this study.
RESULTS
In total, 50 factors affecting HPV vaccination in men were identified, including 13 sociodemographic factors and social structure factors, 12 belief-related variables, 4 family factors, 4 community factors, 14 variables related to needs, and 3 environmental factors.
CONCLUSIONS
To increase HPV vaccination rates in men, strategies targeting young males and their families should consider frequent visits to or contact with health care providers so that health care professionals can provide recommendations for HPV vaccination.
Topics: Alphapapillomavirus; Female; Health Personnel; Humans; Male; Papillomavirus Infections; Papillomavirus Vaccines; Vaccination
PubMed: 35471242
DOI: 10.2196/34070 -
JCO Global Oncology Jan 2023The proportion of head and neck cancers (HNCs) with human papillomavirus (HPV) positivity in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is poorly characterized. Characterizing this has...
PURPOSE
The proportion of head and neck cancers (HNCs) with human papillomavirus (HPV) positivity in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is poorly characterized. Characterizing this has implications in staging, prognosis, resource allocation, and vaccination policies. This study aims to determine the proportion of HPV-associated HNC in SSA.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This systematic review included searches from PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, African Index Medicus, Google Scholar, and African Journals Online. All English publications reporting the proportion of HNC specimens from SSA patients who tested positive for HPV and/or p16 were included. Study quality was assessed using the National Institutes of Health Quality Assessment Tool for Case Series Studies.
RESULTS
In this systematic review of 31 studies and 3,850 patients, the overall p16 positivity was 13.6% (41 of 1,037 patients tested) with the highest proportion among oropharyngeal cancers (20.3%, 78 of 384 patients) and the overall HPV polymerase chain reaction positivity was 15.3% (542 of 3,548 samples tested) with the highest proportion among nasopharyngeal cancers (16.5%, 23 of 139 patients). Among the 369 HPV strains detected, the most common genotypes were HPV 16 (226 patients, 59.2%) and HPV 18 (78, 20.4%).
CONCLUSION
HPV was found to be associated with a significant proportion of HNC in SSA. The genotypes reported suggest that the nine-valent vaccine and gender-neutral vaccination policies should be considered. Given that these studies may not accurately capture prevalence nor causation of HPV in HNC subsites, additional research is needed to provide a more thorough epidemiologic understanding of HPV-associated HNC in SSA, including risk factors and clinical outcomes.
Topics: United States; Humans; Human Papillomavirus Viruses; Papillomavirus Infections; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Papillomaviridae; Risk Factors
PubMed: 36730877
DOI: 10.1200/GO.22.00259 -
Research in Nursing & Health Jun 2021The human papillomavirus (HPV) causes many anogenital and oral cancers affecting young adults in the United States. Vaccination during adolescence can prevent...
The human papillomavirus (HPV) causes many anogenital and oral cancers affecting young adults in the United States. Vaccination during adolescence can prevent HPV-associated cancers, but vaccine uptake among adolescents is low and influenced by factors serving as barriers and facilitators to HPV vaccination. In this systematic review, we synthesized research using the socioecological framework model to examine individual-level, relationship-level, community-level, and societal-level factors that influence HPV vaccine initiation and completion among US adolescents. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were used to guide the methodology for this review. An electronic search was conducted in January 2020 using PubMed, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, ProQuest Central, Scopus, and American Psychological Association PsycInfo databases. The Joanna Briggs Institute tools were used to assess the quality for the 57 studies included in this review. The most consistent influences of HPV vaccination included age at vaccination, awareness, and knowledge about HPV vaccination, socioeconomic status, insurance status, race/ethnicity, and preventative care behaviors at the individual level. Provider recommendation, familial/peer support of vaccination, and parental health behaviors were influences at the relationship level. Although fewer findings elucidated community-level and societal-level influences, high-poverty areas, high-risk communities with large proportions of racial/ethnic minority groups, healthcare facilities servicing children, and combined health policies appear to serve as facilitators of HPV initiation and completion. Findings from this review can inform culturally relevant and age-specific interventions and multi-level policies aiming to improve HPV vaccination coverage in the United States.
Topics: Adolescent; Ethnicity; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Health Services Accessibility; Humans; Minority Groups; Papillomavirus Infections; Papillomavirus Vaccines; Socioeconomic Factors; United States; Vaccination
PubMed: 33860541
DOI: 10.1002/nur.22135 -
Public Health Sep 2022To systematically appraise the existing published literature on cervical cancer screening utilization, and associated barriers and facilitators, in Nepal. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
To systematically appraise the existing published literature on cervical cancer screening utilization, and associated barriers and facilitators, in Nepal.
STUDY DESIGN
Systematic literature review and meta-analysis.
METHODS
PubMed/MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, Embase, and, Google Scholar were systematically searched using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guideline. All quantitative and qualitative studies reporting cervical cancer screening (using the Pap smear test or visual inspection with acetic acid or human papillomavirus test) utilization, barriers, and facilitators for screening were identified. A meta-analysis was performed to estimate Nepal's pooled cervical cancer screening utilization proportion.
RESULTS
The search yielded 97 records, of which 17 studies were included. Fifteen studies were quantitative and two were qualitative. Of the 17 studies, six were hospital-based and six were community-based. The pooled cervical cancer screening utilization proportion (using Pap smear test) among Nepalese women was 17% from the studies in the hospital settings, and 16% in the community. Six studies reported barriers to cervical cancer screening, of which four reported embarrassments related to the gynecological examination and a low level of knowledge on cervical cancer. Three (of four) studies reported health personnel, and two studies reported screening services-related facilitators for cervical cancer screening.
CONCLUSION
Our review reported that cervical cancer screening utilization (16%) is more than four times lower than the national target (70%) in Nepal. Multiple barriers such as low levels of knowledge and embarrassment are associated with cervical cancer screening utilization. Health personnel's gender, counseling, and privacy of screening services were commonly reported facilitators. These findings could help to inform future research, and policy efforts to increase cervical cancer screening utilization in Nepal.
Topics: Early Detection of Cancer; Female; Humans; Mass Screening; Nepal; Papanicolaou Test; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Vaginal Smears
PubMed: 35863158
DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2022.06.007