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Radiologia 2018Aphasia is an acquired language disorder due to a cerebral lesion; it is characterized by errors in production, denomination, or comprehension of language. Although most... (Review)
Review
Aphasia is an acquired language disorder due to a cerebral lesion; it is characterized by errors in production, denomination, or comprehension of language. Although most aphasias are mixed, from a practical point of view they are classified into different types according to their main clinical features: Broca's aphasia, Wernicke's aphasia, conduction aphasia, transcortical aphasia, and alexia with or without agraphia. We present the clinical findings for the main subtypes of aphasia, illustrating them with imaging cases, and we provide an up-to-date review of the language network with images from functional magnetic resonance imaging and tractography.
Topics: Aphasia; Cerebral Cortex; Diffusion Tensor Imaging; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Neuroimaging
PubMed: 29439808
DOI: 10.1016/j.rx.2017.12.008 -
Neuropsychological Rehabilitation Jun 2018Phonological alexia and agraphia are written language disorders characterised by disproportionate difficulty reading and spelling nonwords in comparison to real words....
Phonological alexia and agraphia are written language disorders characterised by disproportionate difficulty reading and spelling nonwords in comparison to real words. In phonological alexia, it has been shown that, despite relatively accurate reading of words in isolation, text-level reading deficits are often marked and persistent. Specifically, some individuals demonstrate difficulty reading functors and affixes in sentences, a profile referred to as phonological text alexia. In this paper, we demonstrate an analogous manifestation of the phonological impairment on text-level writing and suggest the term "phonological text agraphia". We examined four individuals with phonological alexia/agraphia who also showed disproportionate difficulty writing well-formed sentences in comparison to their grammatical competence in spoken utterances. Implementation of a phonological treatment protocol resulted in significantly improved sublexical phonology skills as well as improvements in grammatical accuracy of written narratives. These findings support the notion of a common phonological impairment underlying nonword reading/spelling deficits and sentence-level difficulties.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Agraphia; Dyslexia; Female; Humans; Language Therapy; Male; Middle Aged; Neuropsychological Tests; Phonetics; Stroke; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 27392251
DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2016.1199387 -
BMJ Case Reports Apr 2017
Topics: Agraphia; Alopecia; Brain Neoplasms; Fatal Outcome; Female; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Language Disorders; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Melanoma; Middle Aged; Scalp; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 28400390
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2017-220215 -
Behavioural Neurology 2019Acalculia is an acquired disorder in calculation abilities, usually associated with left posterior parietal damage. Two types of acalculic disorders are usually... (Review)
Review
Acalculia is an acquired disorder in calculation abilities, usually associated with left posterior parietal damage. Two types of acalculic disorders are usually distinguished: (1) primary acalculia or anarithmetia, where the patient presents a loss of numerical concepts (difficulties are observed both in oral and written calculations), and (2) secondary acalculia due to a different disturbance in cognition and affecting mathematical abilities. Secondary acalculias are associated with aphasia, alexia, agraphia, executive function disorders, or visuospatial difficulties. This paper is a proposal for clinical intervention to rehabilitation of acquired primary and secondary acalculias.
Topics: Cognition; Cognition Disorders; Dyscalculia; Humans; Mathematics; Neuropsychological Tests
PubMed: 31093301
DOI: 10.1155/2019/3151092