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Developmental Medicine and Child... Apr 2007Failure to attain handwriting competency during the school-age years often has far-reaching negative effects on both academic success and self-esteem. This complex... (Review)
Review
Failure to attain handwriting competency during the school-age years often has far-reaching negative effects on both academic success and self-esteem. This complex occupational task has many underlying component skills that may interfere with handwriting performance. Fine motor control, bilateral and visual-motor integration, motor planning, in-hand manipulation, proprioception, visual perception, sustained attention, and sensory awareness of the fingers are some of the component skills identified. Poor handwriting may be related to intrinsic factors, which refer to the child's actual handwriting capabilities, or extrinsic factors which are related to environmental or biomechanical components, or both. It is important that handwriting performance be evaluated using a valid, reliable, standardized tool combined with informal classroom observation and teacher consultation. Studies of handwriting remediation suggest that intervention is effective. There is evidence to indicate that handwriting difficulties do not resolve without intervention and affect between 10 and 30% of school-aged children. Despite the widespread use of computers, legible handwriting remains an important life skill that deserves greater attention from educators and health practitioners.
Topics: Agraphia; Brain; Child; Child, Preschool; Handwriting; Humans; Kinesthesis; Occupational Therapy; Proprioception; Psychomotor Disorders; Remedial Teaching
PubMed: 17376144
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2007.00312.x -
Revista de Neurologia Sep 2013The study reviews language disorders in children. Taking their normal development as the starting point, the work puts forward a differential diagnosis based on the... (Review)
Review
AIMS
The study reviews language disorders in children. Taking their normal development as the starting point, the work puts forward a differential diagnosis based on the symptoms presented in the moment the patient visited the physician. It also suggests an approach for children with language disorders from the neuropaediatric point of view while also updating the management of some of its forms.
DEVELOPMENT
The acquisition of language is one of the key milestones in the development of children. A child's social and intellectual development is affected by delayed acquisition of language and this can give rise to a ongoing effect involving isolation and regression, which tends towards poor academic achievement and, eventually, leads to the development of learning and social problems. There are studies that evidence a close relationship in children between the development of spoken language and written language, as well as the importance of acquiring language as the basis for writing skills. These problems cause a great deal of anxiety in parents.
CONCLUSIONS
Knowledge of the problem allows the specialist to detect these children early on in the preschool stage and to ensure they receive the right attention. If treated in time, language learning can be modified to a significant degree, thereby avoiding the complications that affect its development. The specialist working with children must recognise these problems and channel them towards the most suitable therapy.
Topics: Agraphia; Aphasia; Autistic Disorder; Child; Child, Preschool; Diagnosis, Differential; Dyslexia; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Landau-Kleffner Syndrome; Language Development; Language Development Disorders; Language Disorders; Language Therapy; Male; Mutism; Prevalence; Psychosocial Deprivation; Speech Disorders
PubMed: 23897160
DOI: No ID Found -
Radiologia 2018Aphasia is an acquired language disorder due to a cerebral lesion; it is characterized by errors in production, denomination, or comprehension of language. Although most... (Review)
Review
Aphasia is an acquired language disorder due to a cerebral lesion; it is characterized by errors in production, denomination, or comprehension of language. Although most aphasias are mixed, from a practical point of view they are classified into different types according to their main clinical features: Broca's aphasia, Wernicke's aphasia, conduction aphasia, transcortical aphasia, and alexia with or without agraphia. We present the clinical findings for the main subtypes of aphasia, illustrating them with imaging cases, and we provide an up-to-date review of the language network with images from functional magnetic resonance imaging and tractography.
Topics: Aphasia; Cerebral Cortex; Diffusion Tensor Imaging; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Neuroimaging
PubMed: 29439808
DOI: 10.1016/j.rx.2017.12.008 -
Neuropsychological Rehabilitation Jun 2018Phonological alexia and agraphia are written language disorders characterised by disproportionate difficulty reading and spelling nonwords in comparison to real words....
Phonological alexia and agraphia are written language disorders characterised by disproportionate difficulty reading and spelling nonwords in comparison to real words. In phonological alexia, it has been shown that, despite relatively accurate reading of words in isolation, text-level reading deficits are often marked and persistent. Specifically, some individuals demonstrate difficulty reading functors and affixes in sentences, a profile referred to as phonological text alexia. In this paper, we demonstrate an analogous manifestation of the phonological impairment on text-level writing and suggest the term "phonological text agraphia". We examined four individuals with phonological alexia/agraphia who also showed disproportionate difficulty writing well-formed sentences in comparison to their grammatical competence in spoken utterances. Implementation of a phonological treatment protocol resulted in significantly improved sublexical phonology skills as well as improvements in grammatical accuracy of written narratives. These findings support the notion of a common phonological impairment underlying nonword reading/spelling deficits and sentence-level difficulties.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Agraphia; Dyslexia; Female; Humans; Language Therapy; Male; Middle Aged; Neuropsychological Tests; Phonetics; Stroke; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 27392251
DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2016.1199387 -
BMJ Case Reports Apr 2017
Topics: Agraphia; Alopecia; Brain Neoplasms; Fatal Outcome; Female; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Language Disorders; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Melanoma; Middle Aged; Scalp; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 28400390
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2017-220215