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Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports Nov 2022Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains a challenging complication of joint replacement surgery. With the more frequent use of immune modifying drugs and dietary...
INTRODUCTION
Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains a challenging complication of joint replacement surgery. With the more frequent use of immune modifying drugs and dietary changes in human populations, the resultant blunting of immune defenses allows for infections with less common organisms.
CASE REPORT
Lactococcus garvieae is an anaerobic, gram-positive coccus with reservoirs in fish and domesticated farm animals. Only two prior cases of PJI due to L. garvieae have been reported, both with reported marine transmission. We report a case of L. garvieae associated PJI in a cattle rancher with the first reported case of transmission from a bovine reservoir. The PJI was associated with intra-articular rice body formation, and the diagnosis confirmed with the aid of next generation DNA sequencing. A successful two stage exchange was performed. We propose a novel transmission mechanism with microbe entry via direct hematogenous inoculation during the patient's duties as a rancher.
CONCLUSION
When an unusual organism is detected in a PJI, the treatment team should research the host reservoir(s) of the organism and correlate with the patient's exposure risk. While contamination of cultures is possible, a thorough investigation should be performed prior to that assumption. This reinforces the basic concept that a careful history remains vital when treating an unusual infection presentation. Next generation DNA sequencing is a useful confirmatory tool in establishing the offending organism. Lastly, the identification of rice bodies should raise suspicion for infection. Although not always associated with infection, efforts should be redoubled to identify or rule out a causative micro-organism(s).
PubMed: 37013241
DOI: 10.13107/jocr.2022.v12.i11.3422 -
Access Microbiology 2023, a Gram-positive anaerobic coccus, is a common constituent of the human gut microbiota but rarely causes any disease in humans. Herein, we report a case of...
, a Gram-positive anaerobic coccus, is a common constituent of the human gut microbiota but rarely causes any disease in humans. Herein, we report a case of bacteraemia in an immunocompromised 73-year-old man with sigmoid colon perforation. is usually reported as Gram-positive diplococci or short chains on Gram staining; however, in our patient, a blood isolate showed Gram-positive cocci in long chains, and organisms from an anaerobic subculture showed morphological diversity. This case provides insight into the morphological diversity of , which might help with the recognition of these bacteria in the preliminary identification stage on Gram staining.
PubMed: 37424554
DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000442 -
Cureus Mar 2023species are gram-positive anaerobic coccus (GPAC) that are found in the human flora, such as the skin, gastrointestinal tract, and genitourinary tract, and can be...
species are gram-positive anaerobic coccus (GPAC) that are found in the human flora, such as the skin, gastrointestinal tract, and genitourinary tract, and can be pathogenic. Septic abortion caused by species has been reported only three times in the literature. Here, we present a case of bacteremia as a complication of septic abortion.
PubMed: 37041893
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.35978 -
New Microbes and New Infections May 2019sp. nov., strain Marseille-P2817, is a facultatively anaerobic, motile and non-spore-forming Gram-positive coccus which was isolated from the sputum of a healthy adult...
sp. nov., strain Marseille-P2817, is a facultatively anaerobic, motile and non-spore-forming Gram-positive coccus which was isolated from the sputum of a healthy adult man in Marseilles. We present herein its phenotypic description together with MALDI-TOF (matrix-assisted laser-desorption/ionization time-of-flight) mass spectrometry analysis and genome sequencing and comparison. The genome of is 2 123 933 bp long with 38.46 mol% of G+C content, and it contains 1983 protein-coding genes and 65 RNA genes (including nine rRNA genes).
PubMed: 31011427
DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2019.100532 -
Anaerobe Dec 2018Parvimonas micra is an anaerobic, Gram-positive coccus belonging to oral, gastrointestinal and genital flora, rarely causing infections in humans. It was mainly deemed...
Parvimonas micra is an anaerobic, Gram-positive coccus belonging to oral, gastrointestinal and genital flora, rarely causing infections in humans. It was mainly deemed to cause bacteremia, septic bone and cerebral infections in patients which have undergone dental procedures or with suboptimal dental hygiene. We report the first case of Parvimonas micra bacteremia following endoscopic retrograde colangiopancreatography performed due to choledocholithiasis in a patient with good oral health. Identification of P. micra was finally performed by Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (VITEK MS system, bioMérieux, Marcy l'Étoile, France). All cases reported in english language of Parvimonas micra infections after medical procedure are reviewed in order to alert clinicians about new possible routes of infection of this emerging pathogen.
Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Bacteremia; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; Firmicutes; France; Humans; Male; Postoperative Complications; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
PubMed: 30217496
DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2018.09.003 -
Anaerobe Apr 2015A novel Gram-stain positive, non-motile, non-sporeforming coccus-shaped, obligately anaerobic bacterium was isolated from a fecal sample of an individual residing in a...
A novel Gram-stain positive, non-motile, non-sporeforming coccus-shaped, obligately anaerobic bacterium was isolated from a fecal sample of an individual residing in a traditional Peruvian community. The organism was characterized using biochemical, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic methods. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses and phenotypic characteristics demonstrated that the organism was biochemically and phenotypically related, but distinct, from a group of organisms referred to as the Gram-stain positive anaerobic cocci (GPAC). The major cellular fatty acids of the novel isolate were determined to be C16:0 (18.3%), C18:1ω9c (39.8%), C18:2ω6,9c/C18:0 ANTE (13.2%). Fermentation end products from PYG are acetate and formate. Cell-wall peptidoglycan was found to be A4α (L-Lys-L-Ala-L-Glu) and the G + C content was determined to be 38.4 mol%. Based on the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and phylogenetic results, Ezakiella peruensis gen. nov., sp. nov., is now proposed. The type strain is M6.X2(T) (DSM 27367(T) = NBRC 109957 (T) = CCUG 64571(T)).
Topics: Bacterial Typing Techniques; Carrier State; DNA, Bacterial; Feces; Firmicutes; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Peru; Phenotype; Phylogeny; Population Surveillance; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 25481562
DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2014.12.002 -
Cureus Mar 2024is a Gram-positive anaerobic coccus that typically colonizes the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract in humans. Though is typically associated with periodontal...
is a Gram-positive anaerobic coccus that typically colonizes the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract in humans. Though is typically associated with periodontal abscesses, it can also be an unlikely cause of bacteremia. Here, we report a case of bacteremia in the setting of a hepatic abscess. Antibiotic treatment of the bacteremia was initiated, and the entry source of the infection was investigated using various imaging techniques in the inpatient setting. A hepatic abscess was suspected to be the origin of infection for the bacteremia. Successful antibiotic treatment was confirmed by negative repeat blood cultures and an improvement in the patient's symptoms and clinical picture.
PubMed: 38638707
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56497 -
Gynecology and Minimally Invasive... 2017, a Gram-positive coccus facultative anaerobe, is part of the normal flora of the mucous membranes of the oropharynx, upper respiratory, gastrointestinal, and female...
, a Gram-positive coccus facultative anaerobe, is part of the normal flora of the mucous membranes of the oropharynx, upper respiratory, gastrointestinal, and female genital tracts. However, this species can also cause serious infection. We herein report on a case of bacteremia, accompanied by peritonitis and pleuritis, in a 46-year-old immunocompetent female following a total laparoscopic hysterectomy for endometrial cancer. The case was successfully treated with antibacterial and antifungal agents.
PubMed: 30254882
DOI: 10.1016/j.gmit.2016.10.001 -
International Journal of Systematic and... May 2016A novel Gram-stain-positive, coccus-shaped, obligately anaerobic bacterium was isolated from a faecal sample obtained from an individual in a traditional community...
A novel Gram-stain-positive, coccus-shaped, obligately anaerobic bacterium was isolated from a faecal sample obtained from an individual in a traditional community located off the southern coast of Peru. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed the novel bacterium belonged to the genus Peptoniphilus but showed no particular relationship with any species, demonstrating less than 91 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with all members of the genus. The major cellular fatty acids of the novel isolate were determined to be C10 : 0, C14 : 0, C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω9c and C18 : 2ω6,9c/anteiso-C18 : 0. The DNA G+C content was 34.4 mol%. End-products of metabolism from peptone-yeast-glucose broth (PYG) were determined to be acetate and butyrate. Based on the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic results, the organism represents a novel species of the genus Peptoniphilus, for which the name Peptoniphilus catoniae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is M6.X2DT ( = DSM 29874T = CCUG 66798T).
Topics: Bacteria, Anaerobic; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Feces; Firmicutes; Gram-Positive Cocci; Humans; Peru; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 26907921
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.000985 -
Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery Sep 2019Finegoldia magna, a Gram-positive anaerobic coccus, is part of the human normal microbiota as a commensal of mucocutaneous surfaces. However, it remains an uncommon...
BACKGROUND
Finegoldia magna, a Gram-positive anaerobic coccus, is part of the human normal microbiota as a commensal of mucocutaneous surfaces. However, it remains an uncommon pathogen in infective endocarditis, with only eight clinical cases previously reported in the literature. Currently, infective endocarditis is routinely treated with prolonged intravenous antibiotic therapy. However, recent research has found that switching patients to oral antibiotics is non-inferior to prolonged parenteral antibiotic treatment, challenging the current guidelines for the treatment of infective endocarditis.
CASE PRESENTATION
This case report focuses on a 52-year-old gentleman, who presented with initially culture-negative infective endocarditis following bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement. Blood cultures later grew Finegoldia magna. Following initial intravenous antibiotic therapy and re-do surgical replacement of the prosthetic aortic valve, the patient was successfully switched to oral antibiotic monotherapy, an unusual strategy in the treatment of infective endocarditis inspired by the recent publication of the POET trial. He made excellent progress on an eight-week course of oral antibiotics and was successfully discharged from surgical follow-up.
CONCLUSIONS
This case is the 9th reported case of Finegoldia magna infective endocarditis in the literature. Our case also raises the possibility of a more patient-friendly and cost-effective means of providing long-term antibiotic therapy in suitable patients with prosthetic valve endocarditis and suggests that the principles highlighted in the POET trial can also be applicable to post-operative patients after cardiac surgery.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Aortic Valve; Bioprosthesis; Endocarditis, Bacterial; Firmicutes; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Heart Valve Prosthesis; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Prosthesis-Related Infections
PubMed: 31533849
DOI: 10.1186/s13019-019-0993-9