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The American Journal of Clinical... Jan 2017
Topics: Anthropometry; History, Ancient
PubMed: 28003202
DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.116.148346 -
Jornal de Pediatria 2024To study the association between placental efficiency with anthropometry and nutritional phenotypes in full-term newborns from a birth cohort.
OBJECTIVE
To study the association between placental efficiency with anthropometry and nutritional phenotypes in full-term newborns from a birth cohort.
METHOD
This was a secondary cross-sectional analysis of data obtained in a cohort study (Brazilian RibeirãoPreto and São Luís Birth Cohort Studies - BRISA), whose deliveries were performed between 2010 and 2011. Standardized questionnaires were applied to mothers, and placentas and newborns were evaluated shortly after delivery. Placental efficiency was assessed using the ratio between birth weight and placental weight (BW/PW ratio); values below the lower quartile (25th percentile for gestational age) were considered to have low placental efficiency. Newborn phenotypes were small and large for gestational age, stunted and wasted, evaluated using the INTERGROWTH-21 growth standard. To identify the confounding variables theoretical model was constructed using Directed Acyclic Graphs, and unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression were performed. Placental measurements were obtained blindly from pregnancy and delivery data.
RESULTS
723 mother-placenta-child triads were studied. 3.2 % of newborns were small-for-gestational-age (SGA), 6.5 %large-for-gestational-age (LGA), 5.7 %had stunting, and 0.27 % wasting. A significantly higher risk was found between low placental efficiency and SGA (OR 2.82;95 % CI 1.05-7.57), stunting (OR 2.23; 95 % CI 1.07-4.65), and wasting (OR 8.22; 95 % CI 1.96-34.37). No relationship was found between LGA and placental efficiency.
CONCLUSIONS
Low placental efficiency was associated with increased risk for small-for-gestational-age, stunting, and wasting. Placental morphometry can provide valuable information on intrauterine conditions and neonatal health, helping to identify newborns at higher risk of future comorbidities.
Topics: Humans; Female; Infant, Newborn; Pregnancy; Placenta; Birth Weight; Cross-Sectional Studies; Anthropometry; Adult; Male; Infant, Small for Gestational Age; Phenotype; Brazil; Nutritional Status; Young Adult; Birth Cohort; Gestational Age
PubMed: 38346677
DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2023.11.011 -
Medicine Apr 2024Obesity is a complex chronic metabolic disorder characterized by abnormalities in lipid metabolism. Obesity is not only associated with various chronic diseases but also... (Review)
Review
Obesity is a complex chronic metabolic disorder characterized by abnormalities in lipid metabolism. Obesity is not only associated with various chronic diseases but also has negative effects on physiological functions such as the cardiovascular, endocrine and immune systems. As a global health problem, the incidence and prevalence of obesity have increased significantly in recent years. Therefore, understanding assessment methods and measurement indicators for obesity is critical for early screening and effective disease control. Current methods for measuring obesity in adult include density calculation, anthropometric measurements, bioelectrical impedance analysis, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, computerized imaging, etc. Measurement indicators mainly include weight, hip circumference, waist circumference, neck circumference, skinfold thickness, etc. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the literature to date, summarizes and analyzes various assessment methods and measurement indicators for adult obesity, and provides insights and guidance for the innovation of obesity assessment indicators.
Topics: Humans; Obesity; Adult; Body Mass Index; Anthropometry; Absorptiometry, Photon
PubMed: 38669386
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000037946 -
Minerva Anestesiologica Sep 2019Pupillary examination has fundamental diagnostic and prognostic values in clinical practice. However, pupillary assessment was relied until present on manual,... (Review)
Review
Pupillary examination has fundamental diagnostic and prognostic values in clinical practice. However, pupillary assessment was relied until present on manual, qualitative, examination, using manual flash penlights or lamps. Quantitative examination with the use of automated infrared video-pupillometers allows an objective assessment of several pupillary parameters and may be superior to manual subjective examination. The potential for quantitative pupillometry is multiple in the setting of critical care, for the monitoring and detection of secondary cerebral insults and to assess brainstem dysfunction and early coma outcome prognostication, and in the intra-operative anesthesiology setting, to assess analgesia and opioid requirement. Here, we describe the pupillometry technique and review recent critical care and anesthesiology studies that demonstrate the value and potential clinical utility of quantitative pupillometry as neuromonitoring bedside modality.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics; Anesthetics; Anthropometry; Antiemetics; Automation; Clinical Trials as Topic; Coma; Critical Care; Critical Illness; Equipment Design; Humans; Infrared Rays; Intracranial Hypertension; Multicenter Studies as Topic; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Prognosis; Pupil; Reflex, Abnormal; Reflex, Pupillary
PubMed: 30938123
DOI: 10.23736/S0375-9393.19.13437-2 -
International Journal of Environmental... Apr 2022Although it is common to measure bone lengths for study, methodological errors in data measurement and processing often invalidate their clinical and scientific... (Review)
Review
Although it is common to measure bone lengths for study, methodological errors in data measurement and processing often invalidate their clinical and scientific usefulness. This manuscript reviews the validity of several published equations used to determine the maximum height in older adults, since height is an anthropometric parameter widely employed in health sciences. A systematic review of original articles published in the English, Spanish, or Portuguese languages was performed in PubMed, ScienceDirect, EBSCO, Springer Link, and two institutional publisher integrators (UACJ and CONRICYT). The search terms were included in the metasearch engines in a combined way and text form using the Boolean connectors AND and OR {(Determination OR Estimation OR Equation) AND Height AND (Elderly OR "Older adults")}. Eleven manuscripts were selected from 1935 records identified through database searching after applying the following criteria: (1) original articles that designed and validated equations for the determination of height by anthropometric methods in adults 60 years of age and older and (2) manuscripts that presented robust evidence of validation of the proposed regression models. The validity of the reported linear regression models was assessed throughout a manuscript review process called multi-objective optimization that considered the collection of the models, the prediction errors, and the adjustment values (i.e., R, standard error of estimation, and pure error). A total of 64 equations were designed and validated in 45,449 participants (57.1% women) from four continents: America (85.3%, with 46 equations), Asia (8.1%, with 10), Europe (4.6%, with 7), and Africa (2.0%, with 1); the Hispanic American ethnic group was the most numerous in participants and equations (69.0%, with 28). Due to various omissions and methodological errors, this study did not find any valid and reliable equations to assess the maximum height in older adults by anthropometric methods. It is proposed to adjust allometric mathematical models that can be interpreted in the light of ontogenetic processes.
Topics: Aged; Female; Humans; Male; Anthropometry; Body Height; Ethnicity; Linear Models; Middle Aged
PubMed: 35564467
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095072 -
Human Factors May 2023This research aims to determine the need and extent for a national anthropometry survey of law enforcement officers (LEOs) via an exploratory investigation of...
OBJECTIVES
This research aims to determine the need and extent for a national anthropometry survey of law enforcement officers (LEOs) via an exploratory investigation of anthropometric changes of LEOs in four decades and comparisons of the LEO data with three existing military and civilian anthropometry sources.
BACKGROUND
The best available anthropometric dataset of LEOs is 45 years old and has largely become outdated due to demographic changes. Assessing the extent of anthropometric changes of LEOs through a sample and evaluating the differences of the sample against existing anthropometric datasets is a step toward ascertaining the necessity for a national LEO anthropometry study.
METHOD
Thirty-two body dimensions of 67 regional male LEOs and seven female LEOs were measured, and the data of males were compared with the best available LEO anthropometry data from 1975 and three recent non-LEO anthropometry databases.
RESULTS
Anthropometric dimensions were significantly different between this LEO study and existing data sources, especially in chest circumference and body weight. Most of the significant differences are important differences for LEO protective gear and vehicle design.
CONCLUSION
The study confirmed that the existing 45-year-old LEO dataset and recent Army and civilian datasets would not be suitable for armor and equipment design for the current LEO population.
APPLICATION
The study results are useful in supporting the decision of investing in a national LEO anthropometry survey and for equipment manufacturers to recognize the distinctiveness of LEO anthropometry from other populations and the magnitude of anthropometry changes of LEOs over the past 45 years.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Middle Aged; Police; Anthropometry; Body Weight; Military Personnel; Information Sources
PubMed: 34078146
DOI: 10.1177/00187208211019157 -
Journal of Physiological Anthropology May 2022Despite the presence of body composition studies in Russia, there are no current reviews on this topic, and the results are relatively rarely published abroad. Our aim... (Review)
Review
Despite the presence of body composition studies in Russia, there are no current reviews on this topic, and the results are relatively rarely published abroad. Our aim was to describe the history and current state of this research work, to list unresolved problems, and to outline possible developmental trends. For completeness, in the initial part of the review, traditional research areas indirectly related to body composition studies are considered, namely, the analysis of biological variation of anthropometric parameters and somatotyping.It can be seen that anthropometry and bioimpedance analysis (BIA) are mainly used to assess body composition in Russia. Other methods, such as double-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), are utilized less often. The achievements include the common use of comprehensive anthropometry in anthropological studies, some advancements in clinical studies, approbation of potentially important methods such as the deuterium dilution method and three-dimensional laser-based photonic scanning, and ongoing mass population BIA measurements in health centers. Various bioimpedance instruments are manufactured, the local reference BIA body composition data are available, and a large updated BIA database is ready for international comparisons.Among major limitations of body composition research in Russia, one can note the lack of validation studies using reference methods, so that foreign regression formulas are used with the double indirect methods, such as anthropometry and BIA, despite the fact that their accuracy has not yet been checked in our population. Conventional reference body composition assessment methods, such as three- or four-component molecular-level models and whole-body in vivo neutron activation analysis, were not applied yet, despite the technical feasibility.In general, it can be argued that the body composition research in Russia follows the observed global trends. Along with the achievements, there are a number of unresolved methodological and organizational issues. Prospects for further research include validation studies, updating reference population body composition data, and establishing local cut-offs for malnutrition and disease risks. In our view, further development could be facilitated with the establishment of well-equipped Human Body Composition Units in major Russian research centers, such as Moscow State University, which could be assigned a coordinating and methodical role.
Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Anthropometry; Body Composition; Electric Impedance; Humans; Russia
PubMed: 35505405
DOI: 10.1186/s40101-022-00291-3 -
Journal of Diabetes Science and... Nov 2021Body weight, height, and other simple, noninvasive anthropometric measures are the cornerstones of epidemiological research. Body composition determinants such as fat...
Body weight, height, and other simple, noninvasive anthropometric measures are the cornerstones of epidemiological research. Body composition determinants such as fat and lean tissue masses and their distributions are better associated with metabolic conditions, such as diabetes, than anthropometrics alone. However, body composition is generally more challenging to measure. This analysis article comments on the manuscript by Cichosz et al that appeared in this issue of the , where a machine-learning approach was developed to predict body composition using measured anthropometric parameters for potentially easier estimations of risk factors of metabolic diseases in the future.
Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Anthropometry; Body Composition; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Humans; Risk Factors
PubMed: 33269598
DOI: 10.1177/1932296820976584 -
Facial Plastic Surgery : FPS Jun 2024Facial anatomy is highly individual in each patient. Anthropometric measurements can be a useful tool to objectively analyze individual facial anatomy to allow for... (Review)
Review
Facial anatomy is highly individual in each patient. Anthropometric measurements can be a useful tool to objectively analyze individual facial anatomy to allow for better comparability before and after treatments to ultimately improve standardization of facial procedures, both nonsurgical and surgical. The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive overview over clinically relevant and feasible facial anthropometric measurements and principles for aesthetic medicine. A literature review was conducted to describe the most important and clinically relevant anthropometric measurements and principles for both the entire face and for three aesthetically relevant facial regions: the periorbital region, the nose, and the perioral region. A multitude of different anthropometric measurements and principles have been described in the literature for both the overall facial appearance and specific facial regions. Certain generally accepted anthropometric principles and proportions need to be respected to achieve aesthetic and harmonious results. For the overall facial appearance, a focus on symmetry, certain proportions, facial angles, and indices has been described. Principles and measurements were also described for the periorbital region, the nose, and the perioral region. Although attractiveness and aesthetic perception are subjective, objective evaluation of facial surface anatomy via anthropometric measurements can improve pre- and postinterventional analysis of the face and help the treating physician to individualize treatments, both nonsurgical and surgical.
Topics: Humans; Face; Esthetics; Anthropometry; Nose; Cephalometry; Orbit
PubMed: 37487528
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1770765 -
Nutrients Jan 2023Digital anthropometry (DA) has been recently developed for body composition evaluation and for postural analysis. The aims of this review are to examine the current... (Review)
Review
Digital anthropometry (DA) has been recently developed for body composition evaluation and for postural analysis. The aims of this review are to examine the current state of DA technology, as well as to verify the methods for identifying the best technology to be used in the field of DA by evaluating the reliability and accuracy of the available technologies on the market, and lay the groundwork for future technological developments. A literature search was performed and 28 studies met the inclusion criteria. The reliability and accuracy of DA was high in most studies, especially in the assessment of patients with obesity, although they varied according to the technology used; a good correlation was found between DA and conventional anthropometry (CA) and body composition estimates. DA is less time-consuming and less expensive and could be used as a screening tool before more expensive imaging techniques or as an alternative to other less affordable techniques. At present, DA could be useful in clinical practice, but the heterogeneity of the available studies (different devices used, laser technologies, population examined, etc.) necessitates caution in the interpretation of the obtained results. Furthermore, the need to develop integrated technologies for analyzing body composition according to multi-compartmental models is increasingly evident.
Topics: Humans; Reproducibility of Results; Anthropometry; Body Composition; Technology; Digital Technology
PubMed: 36678173
DOI: 10.3390/nu15020302